| 词条 | Camden bench |
| 释义 |
The Camden bench is a type of concrete street furniture. It was commissioned by the Camden London Borough Council and installed in Camden, London in 2012. It is designed specifically to influence the behaviour of the public by restricting undesirable behaviour, a principle known as hostile architecture, and instead be usable only as a bench. Because the design is "defined far more by what it is not than what it is" the bench has been called the "perfect anti-object" and a "masterpiece of unpleasant design".[2] "Feature sites" for introduction of the bench were on Great Queen Street and High Holborn.[3][4] Produced by UK company Factory Furniture, the bench is designed to deter use for sleeping, littering, skateboarding, drug dealing, graffiti and theft.[3] It attempts to achieve this primarily through angular surfaces (deterring sleepers and skateboarders), an absence of crevices or hiding places, and non-permeable materials (a waterproof anti-paint coating).[6] It is not secured to the ground and can be moved by a crane attaching to built-in anchor points. Due to its weight it is also designed to function as a roadblock.{{fact|date=December 2016}} A Camden bench has been used as part of an installation artwork by Roger Hiorns.[7] AwardsThe design has achieved several awards:{{fact|date=August 2014}}
It has also been accredited as:
CriticismThe Camden bench received criticism as being a prime example of a wider trend of urban design that is anti-homeless, known as hostile architecture.[8] The designers contend that: "Homelessness should never be tolerated in any society and if we start designing in to accommodate homeless then we have totally failed as a society. Close proximity to homelessness unfortunately makes us uncomfortable so perhaps it is good that we feel that and recognise homelessness as a problem rather than design to accommodate it."[7] Critics also claimed it is emblematic of a society where freedom in public space has been curtailed and deviance from accepted forms of behaviour have been made impossible. The designers claim in response: "[Because] there is no 'correct' way to sit on it... it becomes a far more inclusive seat encouraging social interaction."[7] Popular criticism focused on subverting restrictions imposed by the bench, for example by attempting to skateboard on it.[12] SpecificationsThe technical specifications are:[13]
See also{{commonscat|Camden bench}}
References1. ^1 {{cite web|last1=Swain|first1=Frank|title=Secret city design tricks manipulate your behaviour|url=http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20131202-dirty-tricks-of-city-design|website=BBC – Future|accessdate=29 August 2014|date=2 December 2013}} [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]2. ^1 2 {{cite web|title = Camden Bench|url = http://www.factoryfurniture.co.uk/camden-bench/|website = Factory Furniture|accessdate=2 December 2016}} 3. ^1 Google street view images of the bench installation "feature sites" on [https://www.google.com/maps/@51.5148355,-0.1217915,3a,75y,291.05h,66.99t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1sHFCMrKvXAyC5sj5TM48J9g!2e0!7i13312!8i6656 Great Queen Street] and [https://www.google.com/maps/@51.5180632,-0.1158884,3a,16.1y,291.26h,83.2t/data=!3m7!1e1!3m5!1s8cxp1iOc7Chf0I6AMj5SAg!2e0!5s20120601T000000!7i13312!8i6656 High Holborn], June 2012. 4. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|title=Interview with Factory Furniture Design Team|url=http://unpleasant.pravi.me/interview-with-factory-furniture-design-team/|website=Unpleasant Design|accessdate=29 August 2014}} 5. ^1 {{cite web|last1=Quinn|first1=Ben|title=Anti-homeless spikes are part of a wider phenomenon of 'hostile architecture'|url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2014/jun/13/anti-homeless-spikes-hostile-architecture|website=The Guardian|accessdate=29 August 2014|date=13 June 2014}} 6. ^1 {{cite web|last1=Perraudin|first1=Frances|last2=Quinn|first2=Ben|title=Can you skate on a Camden bench? – video|url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/video/2014/jun/13/can-you-skate-on-camden-bench-video|website=The Guardian|accessdate=29 August 2014|date=13 June 2014}} 7. ^1 {{cite web|title=CAMDEN bench technical sheet|url=http://www.factoryfurniture.co.uk/Spec%20Sheets/01%20Seating%20PDFs/CAMDEN%20Bench%20Spec%202013.pdf|website=Factory Furniture|accessdate=29 August 2014|year=2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903184735/http://www.factoryfurniture.co.uk/Spec%20Sheets/01%20Seating%20PDFs/CAMDEN%20Bench%20Spec%202013.pdf#|archive-date=2014-09-03|dead-url=yes|df=}} 8. ^1 {{cite web | url=https://www.ianvisits.co.uk/blog/2016/11/26/the-camden-bench/ | title=The Camden Bench | publisher=Ian Visits | date=2 December 2016}} }} 8 : Class discrimination|Discrimination against the homeless|Street furniture|London Borough of Camden|Industrial design|Homelessness|2012 in London|Concrete |
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