| 词条 | Campbell Collaboration |
| 释义 |
The Campbell Collaboration describes itself as a "nonprofit organization that aims to help people make well-informed decisions about the effects of interventions in the social, behavioral, and educational arenas."[1] More specifically, it "helps people make well-informed decisions by preparing, maintaining and disseminating systematic reviews in education, crime and justice, social welfare and international development."[2] It is a sister initiative of the Cochrane Collaboration[3] and is based in Oslo. The Campbell Collaboration is one of a number of groups promoting evidence-based policy in the social sciences. Although it is an international collaboration, it tends to be focused more on the challenges of First World countries.[4] The International Initiative for Impact Evaluation (3ie) and the University of Ottawa established the International Development Coordinating Group (IDCG) in May 2011 to publish reviews on international development topics. HistoryThe Campbell Collaboration was created as a result of an exploratory meeting under the aegis of the School of Public Policy at University College London in July 1999.[3][4] The exploratory meeting proved fruitful and the Campbell Collaboration was created in 2000. The inaugural meeting was held at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, United States, on 24–25 February 2000, and attracted 85 participants from 13 countries.[3][4] The collaboration was named after the American psychologist Donald T. Campbell (1916-1996), a member of the National Academy of Sciences in the United States.[3][4] In December 2004, the American Psychological Association published an article on the work of the Campbell Collaboration.[5] In May 2005, a special issue of the Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science was devoted to describing what the evidence-based approach of the Cochrane Collaboration and Campbell Collaboration had uncovered.[1][6] Use by other organizationsCharity evaluator and effective altruism advocate GiveWell had listed the Campbell Collaboration as one of its sources of information when trying to assess the state of evidence for various social policies and interventions in the United States.[7] GiveWell co-director Holden Karnofsky later clarified that, since the Campbell Collaboration focus areas were not directly pertinent to development economics or improving the lives of poor people, the utility of their research to GiveWell's current areas of focus was limited.[8][9] Similar organizations
References1. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.hfrp.org/evaluation/the-evaluation-exchange/issue-archive/evaluation-methodology/what-is-the-campbell-collaboration-and-how-is-it-helping-to-identify-what-works|title = What is the Campbell Collaboration and how is it helping to identify "what works"?|authorlink1=Robert F. Boruch|last = Boruch|first = Robert|publisher = The Evaluation Exchange, Harvard Family Research Project}} 2. ^{{cite web|url = http://www.campbellcollaboration.org/about_us/index.php|title = About Us|publisher = The Campbell Collaboration|accessdate = March 26, 2014|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140203232624/http://www.campbellcollaboration.org/about_us/index.php#|archive-date = 2014-02-03|dead-url = yes|df = }} 3. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=http://www.cochrane.org/about-us/campbell-collaboration|title = The Campbell Collaboration|publisher = Cochrane Collaboration|accessdate = March 26, 2014}} 4. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.campbellcollaboration.org/background/index.php|title = Background|publisher = The Campbell Collaboration|accessdate = March 26, 2014}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.apa.org/monitor/dec04/null.aspx|title = The significance of null: A group of social scientists hunts down unpublished studies and aims to inform policy through thorough meta-analysis.|last = Dingfelder|first = Sadie|date = December 2004|accessdate = March 26, 2014|publisher = American Psychological Association}} 6. ^{{cite book|title = Place Randomized Trials: Experimental Tests of Public Policy (The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science Series) [Hardcover]|publisher = SAGE publications|date = May 1, 2005|isbn = 978-1412925815}} 7. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.givewell.org/united-states/process/sources-of-evidence|title = Criteria for evaluating U.S. programs|publisher = GiveWell|date = 2010|accessdate = March 26, 2014}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://blog.givewell.org/2012/06/11/meta-research/comment-page-1/#comment-293370 | title = Comment on Meta-Research blog post|last = Karnofsky|first = Holden|date = June 13, 2012|accessdate = March 26, 2014|publisher = GiveWell}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.givewell.org/giving101/Social-Programs-That-Just-Dont-Work|title = Social Programs that Just Don't Work|publisher = GiveWell|accessdate = March 26, 2014}} External links
8 : Systematic review|Evidence-based practices|International scientific organizations|Social policy|Criminal justice|1999 establishments in England|Non-profit organisations based in Norway|Health economics |
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