| 词条 | Camp Lawrence J. Hearn |
| 释义 |
|name = Camp Lawrence J. Hearn |native_name = |partof = Southern California Border District[1] |location = Palm City, San Diego |image = |caption = |map_type = |map_size = |map_alt = |map_caption = |type = |coordinates = |code = |built = |builder = |materials = |height = |used = 1916–1931 |demolished = |condition = |ownership = |open_to_public = |controlledby = {{army|United States}} |garrison = 11th Cavalry |current_commander = |commanders = |occupants = |battles = |events = |image2 = |caption2 = }} Camp Lawrence J. Hearn was a United States Army facility formerly located in Palm City, San Diego, California. The Third Oregon Infantry established the camp in 1916 during its border service; it was abandoned in 1931 by the 11th Cavalry Regiment when the regiment moved to the Presidio of Monterey. HistoryBeginning in 1916,[2] the Third Oregon Infantry established the post during its border service.[3] The United States Army, maintained Camp Lawrence J. Hearn, in honor of Major Hearn of the 21st Infantry Regiment, in response to the Mexican Civil War,[4][5] and was manned by the 1st Cavalry Regiment.[6] It was abandoned in August 1920, but re-established by the 11th Cavalry Regiment in October of that same year.[7] Brigadier General F.C. Marshall visited the post just before he died in a plane crash, traveling to Tucson, Arizona.[8] Until 1921, the post had no structures, and consisted of a tent cantonment;[9] soldiers requiring medical care would be sent to Fort Rosecrans for treatment.[10] However, conditions on the post did not improve significantly, and was described by Army Chief of Staff Major General Summerall as being like a "logging camp", composed of "tumbledown shacks".[11] In 1924, cavalrymen from the post assisted local officers, and federal agents in enforcing a 9 pm curfew at the international border crossing.[12] It continued to be in use until it was abandoned in 1931.[13][14] Later the former post was considered by the Coastal Artillery Corps for the site of a battery, however this was never built.[15] References1. ^{{cite web |url=http://ahecwebdds.carlisle.army.mil/awweb/pdfopener?smd=1&md=1&did=253126 |title=Burton C. Andrus Collection: An Inventory of His Collection |author=Burton C. Andrus |work=United States Army Military History Institute |publisher=United States ARmy |accessdate=3 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100329182307/http://ahecwebdds.carlisle.army.mil/awweb/pdfopener?smd=1# |archive-date=29 March 2010 |dead-url=yes |df=dmy-all }} 2. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.archives.gov/research/microfilm/m617.pdf |title=Returns from U.S. Military Posts, 1800–1916 |author= |year=1968 |work= |publisher=U.S. Archives and Records Administration |accessdate=30 May 2011}} 3. ^{{cite book |title=Report, Issues 9–15 |last= |first= |authorlink= |year=1904 |publisher=Oregon Military Department |location=Salem, Oregon|isbn= |page=61 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CndMAAAAYAAJ&dq=%22Palm%20city%22%20california&pg=RA5-PA61#v=onepage&q&f=false |accessdate=1 June 2011}} 4. ^{{cite book |title=San Diego County Place Names A to Z |last=Fetzer |first=Leland |authorlink= |year=2005 |publisher=Sunbelt Publications, Inc. |location=San Diego |isbn=978-0-932653-73-4 |page=61 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AOVyQyWDyqUC&lpg=PA61&ots=BM_sMbAqAu&dq=Camp%20Hearn%20Palm%20City&pg=PA61#v=onepage&q&f=false |accessdate=30 May 2011}} 5. ^{{cite web | title=Camp Lawrence J. Hearn | url=http://www.militarymuseum.org/CpHearn.html | work=The California State Military Museum | publisher=California State Military Department | accessdate=30 May 2011}} 6. ^{{cite journal |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |year=1922 |title=The First Regiment of Cavalry, United States Army |journal=The Cavalry journal |volume=31 |issue= |pages=182 |publisher=United States Cavalry Association |doi= |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E4MDAAAAYAAJ&lpg=PA182&ots=ZxfRPVaGhg&dq=Camp%20Hearn%20Palm%20City&pg=PA182#v=onepage&q&f=false |accessdate=30 May 2011 }} 7. ^{{cite journal |last=Richardson Jr. |first=Robert |authorlink= |date=January 1921 |title=Eleventh Cavalry |journal=The Cavalry Journal |volume=XXX |issue=122 |pages=458 |id= |url=https://books.google.com/?id=OIMDAAAAYAAJ&printsec=titlepage |accessdate=30 May 2011 }} 8. ^{{cite journal |last1=Bevil |first1=Alexander D. |last2= |first2= |year=2005 |title="The Service Knows and Will Remember": The Aircraft Crash Memorial on Japacha Ridge |journal=The Journal of San Diego History |volume=51 |issue=3 |pages= |publisher=San Diego Historical Society |doi= |url=http://www.sandiegohistory.org/journal/v51-3/pdf/v51-3_crash.pdf |accessdate=30 May 2011 }} 9. ^{{cite book |title=Army appropriation bill, 1921: Hearings before Subcommittee no. 1 of the Committee on military affairs, House of representatives, Sixty-sixth Congress, second session ... March 25, 1920 – April 2, 1920 |last= |first= |authorlink= |year=1920 |publisher=Government Printing Office |location=Washington |isbn= |page=330 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g-AsAAAAYAAJ&lpg=PA330&ots=qM8uY7QMJS&dq=%22Camp%20Hearn%22%20established%20california&pg=PA330#v=onepage&q&f=false |accessdate=30 May 2011 |quote=Camp Gen Marshall. Those two camps are along the Mexican border in California, at places where the troops suffer inconvenience due to the very unusual weather conditions that prevail at those places. The temperature goes up as high as 112 or 114 degrees and the humidity is very high. They are living in tents with no comforts or accommodations whatsoever. }} 10. ^{{cite book |title=Annual report of the Secretary of War, Part 1 |last= |first= |authorlink= |year=1918 |publisher=Government Printing Office |location=Washington |isbn= |page=444 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7cNMAAAAYAAJ&dq=Camp%20Hearn%20%22palm%20city%22&pg=PA444#v=onepage&q&f=false |accessdate=1 June 2011 |quote=The hospital at Fort Rosecrans is in size entirely inadequate. It is used as a base hospital for the troops at Camp Walter R Taliaferro, San Diego; Camp Lawrence J Hearn, at Palm City; the Signal Corps Aviation School and one company of Infantry at Tecate. The hospital is continually overcrowded and manv of the patients are being cared for in tents. Estimates for the erection of a 24 bed ward are now being prepared. }} 11. ^{{cite journal |author= |year=2007 |title=ARMY & NAVY: Super-Magruder |journal=TIME |volume= |issue= |pages= |publisher= |doi= |pmid= |pmc= |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,736903,00.html |accessdate=30 May 2011 }} 12. ^{{cite news |title=Curfew Ban on Tijuana |author= |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=ZvFVAAAAIBAJ&sjid=zeEDAAAAIBAJ&pg=4732,945124&dq=camp-hearn+california&hl=en |newspaper=The Spokesman-Review |date=7 March 1924 |accessdate=1 June 2011}} 13. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=23632 |title=Time Has No Boundaries |author=Theresa Muranaka |author2=Cynthia Hernandez |work=California State Parks |publisher=State of California |accessdate=30 May 2011 |quote= From 1916 to 1931, Camp Hearn, established for potential skirmishes with the troops of Pancho Villa, was a military presence. }} 14. ^{{cite journal |last1=Ruhlen |first1=George |last2= |first2= |title=Fort Rosecrans, California |journal=The Journal of San Diego History |volume=5 |issue=4 |pages= |publisher=The Journal of San Diego History |doi= |url=http://www.sandiegohistory.org/journal/59october/fortrosecrans.htm |accessdate=30 May 2011 |quote=A troop of the 11th Cavalry was stationed at Fort Rosecrans from October 1931, following the abandonment of Camp Hearn at Imperial Beach. In August 1932 they moved on to Monterey. }} 15. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/cabr/hrs5.htm |title=Interlude, 1920–1935 |author=Erwin N. Thompson |year=1991 |work=Cabrillo National Monument |publisher=National Park Service |accessdate=30 May 2011 |quote= The board chose a site for one battery of 155mm guns at Point Loma near the new lighthouse, and recommended a location 1,500 yards south of Coronado Heights and west of south San Diego, on the former Camp Hearn site, for the other 155mm battery, which was never built. }} External links
2 : Closed installations of the United States Army|Military facilities in San Diego County, California |
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