| 词条 | Caroline Abraham |
| 释义 |
| name = Caroline Abraham | image = Caroline Harriett Abraham.jpg | alt = | caption = Caroline Harriett Abraham | birth_name = Caroline Harriet Hudson | birth_date = 1809 | birth_place = Wanlip, Leicestershire, England | death_date = {{Death year and age|1877|1809|6}} | death_place = Bournemouth, England | nationality = English/New Zealand | other_names = | known_for = watercolour artiist; writer; wife of an Anglican bishop | occupation = }} Caroline Harriet Abraham (née Hudson, 1809 – 17 June 1877) was born in Wanlip near Leicester. She became a New Zealand artist who created a useful record of that country in the nineteenth century. She was the influential wife of a bishop and the mother of another. She put together a book, with others, supporting Maori rights. LifeCaroline Harriet Palmer was born[1] and baptised in 1809 in Wanlip, Leicestershire, England.[2] She was the daughter of Sir Charles Thomas Hudson Palmer and his wife. Her father had changed his name from Hudson to Palmer in order to meet the terms of an inheritance.[1] In 1850 she married the Rev Charles Abraham and they emigrated to New Zealand shortly after where her husband wanted to work with George Selwyn.[2] They arrived in Auckland on 6 August 1850 with their servant.[2] Selwyn appointed her husband to lead a new college, St John's College, he had founded in Auckland. Her husband trained both Māori and European youths.[6] Her husband was ordained to become the Bishop of Wellington whilst on a trip to England in 1857.[3] Her only son, Charles was born the same year and he went on to be the Bishop of Derby. {{wide image|Complete Abraham, Caroline Harriet 1809-1877 Panorama of St John's college.png|1000px|Panorama of St John's college Tamaki, New Zealand 1862[8]|290px|left}}Abraham was a water colourist and her scenes of early New Zealand immigrant settlements are held by the National Library of New Zealand[4] and Auckland City[5][6] They are an important source of information from this period. During the New Zealand Wars she advocated for the Māori.[3] The publication that she helped create was called Extracts of letters from New Zealand on the war question and it was published in 1861.[7] She wrote it with her aunt and uncle, George and Sarah Selwyn, her own husband and Sir William and Lady Mary Ann Martin. George Selwyn was a Bishop and Sir William Martin was the Chief Justice. Abraham believed that the Māori people (then called natives of New Zealand and similar) were a proud race whose rights needed to be considered. This book was distributed privately after being printed in London.[3] In 1862 a set of eight matching lithographs were published which were based on images created by Abraham. The images built into a panorama of Tamaki showing the site of St John's Chapel and school buildings in Auckland. The lithography was achieved by an unnamed sister of Rev. William C. Cotton.[8] In 1867 Abraham and her son returned to England in order for her son to study at Eton. Three years later, her husband also went back to England as his friend George Selwyn was to be made Bishop of Lichfield.[9] Abraham died in Bournemouth in 1877.[10] LegacyShe was the wife of a bishop and the mother of another.[3] Her paintings and sketches are held in several collections in New Zealand. One of her sketchbooks is in Auckland Public Library and this records the influence on her of classically trained, but New Zealand artists like Albin Martin and John Hoyte.[3] References{{commons category|Caroline Harriet Abraham}}1. ^1 [https://books.google.com/books?id=qqhJAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA642 Obituary], The Gentleman's Magazine, and Historical Chronicle, Volume 97, Part 1 {{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Abraham, Caroline Harriet}}2. ^{{cite news|title=Shipping Intelligence|url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=NZ18500807.2.3|accessdate=3 December 2015|work=New Zealander|volume=6|issue=450|date=7 August 1850|page=2}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{DNZB|Kirker|Anne|1a1|Caroline Harriet Abraham|29 June 2014}} 4. ^{{cite web |url= http://natlib.govt.nz/items/23205048 |title=Abraham, Caroline Harriet, 1809?–1877 :Sketchbook. [1860–1864] |publisher=National Library of New Zealand |accessdate=13 May 2014}} 5. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.aucklandcity.govt.nz/dbtw-wpd/exec/dbtwpub.dll?AC=NEXT_RECORD&XC=/dbtw-wpd/exec/dbtwpub.dll&BU=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aucklandcity.govt.nz%2Fdbtw-wpd%2FHeritageImages%2Findex.htm&TN=heritageimages&SN=AUTO24773&SE=1142&RN=1&MR=20&TR=0&TX=1000&ES=0&CS=1&XP=&RF=HIOReport&EF=&DF=HIORecord&RL=0&EL=0&DL=0&NP=2&ID=&MF=WPEngMsg.ini&MQ=&TI=0&DT=&ST=0&IR=0&NR=0&NB=0&SV=0&SS=1&BG=&FG=&QS=index&OEX=ISO-8859-1&OEH=ISO-8859-1 |title=heritageimages Record |publisher=Aucklandcity.govt.nz |accessdate=13 May 2014}} 6. ^{{cite web|author=Una Platts |url=http://nzetc.victoria.ac.nz/tm/scholarly/tei-PlaNine-t1-body-d1-d3.html |title=ABRAHAM, Caroline Harriet, nee Palmer c.1835–1877 | NZETC |publisher=Nzetc.victoria.ac.nz |accessdate=13 May 2014}} 7. ^{{cite web | url= https://www.europeana.eu/resolve/record/2022333/00B85D856442B3CD3515C5C8E6D44E64469045E6 |title=Extracts of letters from New Zealand on the war question ; with an article from the New Zealand Spectator of November 3rd, 1860 ; and a copy of the Native Offenders' Bill [electronic resource].|accessdate=30 June 2014 |publisher=Europeana}} 8. ^1 Panorama, natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 29 June 2014 9. ^{{Cite book|title = The Book of New Zealand Women|last = Macdonald|first = Charlotte|publisher = Bridget Williams Books|year = 1991|isbn = 0908912048|location = Wellington|pages = 2}} 10. ^1 W. G. D. Fletcher, 'Abraham, Charles John (1814–1903)', rev. H. C. G. Matthew, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Oct 2008 accessed 30 June 2014 9 : 1809 births|1877 deaths|New Zealand artists|19th-century New Zealand artists|People from Wanlip|English emigrants to New Zealand|19th-century English painters|English women painters|19th-century British women artists |
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