| 词条 | Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Province |
| 释义 |
| name = Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya | native_name = พระนครศรีอยุธยา | native_name_lang = th | settlement_type = Province | image_skyline = | image_alt = | image_caption = | nickname = Ayutthaya | motto = | image_flag = Flag of Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Province.png | image_seal = Seal Ayutthaya.png | image_map = Thailand Ayutthaya locator map.svg | mapsize = frameless | map_alt = | map_caption = Map of Thailand highlighting Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Province | coordinates = | coordinates_footnotes = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = Thailand | seat_type = Capital | seat = Ayothaya | leader_party = | leader_title = Governor | leader_name = Suchin Chaichumsak (since October 2016) | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = 2556.6 | area_rank = Ranked 62nd | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | population_footnotes = | population_total = 803,599 | population_as_of = 2014 | population_rank = Ranked 32nd | population_density_km2 = auto | population_density_rank = Ranked 10th | population_demonym = | population_note = | timezone1 = ICT | utc_offset1 = +7 | iso_code = TH-14 | website = | footnotes = }} Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya (or Ayutthaya, {{lang-th|พระนครศรีอยุธยา}}, {{IPA-th|pʰráʔ ná(ʔ).kʰɔ̄ːn sǐː ʔā.jút.tʰā.jāː|pron}}) is one of the central provinces (changwat) of Thailand. Neighboring provinces are (from north clockwise) Ang Thong, Lop Buri, Saraburi, Pathum Thani, Nonthaburi, Nakhon Pathom and Suphan Buri. EtymologyThe name Ayutthaya derives from the Sanskrit word Ayodhyā, found in the Ramayana, which means "the invincible [city]". Grammatically, this word is composed of the morphemes a- 'not' + yodhya 'defeatable' (from the root yudh- 'to fight') + ā, a feminine suffix. GeographyPhra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, covering 2,556 square kilometres, is on the flat river plain of the Chao Phraya River valley. The presence of the Lopburi and Pa Sak rivers makes the province a major rice farming area. The province is one of only 10 provinces with no forests.[1] History{{main|Ayutthaya Kingdom}}Ayutthaya was founded in 1351{{ref label|reference_name_a|a|a}} by King U-Thong. It was the capital of Thailand (then called Siam) for 417 years from 1351 until it was sacked by the Burmese army in 1767. During this era, now usually referred as the Ayutthaya period or Ayutthaya kingdom, Ayutthaya was ruled by 33 kings of five different dynasties. The kingdom became a major regional player, and a trade center of the East, a meeting point of European merchants and Asian traders. Notable monarchs during the Ayutthaya period include King Naresuan the Great, who liberated Ayutthaya from the first Burmese occupation and embarked on a reign of conquest, and King Narai the Great, who initiated diplomatic relations with France, during the reign of Louis XIV. His reign was the golden age of trade and culture. The city was strategically positioned. During several months of the year, the flood plains around the cities would be flooded by the many rivers around the city. Enemy sieges were thus impossible, and forced to withdraw. This advantage was a contributing factor in the many failed Burmese invasions. The ruins of the old capital in the Ayutthaya historical park have been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since December 1991. The province is also home to the Bang Pa-in summer palace complex. Originally named Krung Kao (กรุงเก่า), the province was renamed Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya in 1919.[2] SymbolsAccording to legend, King Ramathibodi I found a beautiful conch shell buried in the ground, and chose the site as the place for his capital. He then placed the shell on a pedestal tray and built a pavilion around it. The seal shows this pavilion with the provincial tree behind it. The provincial flower is the ดอกโสน ({{rtgs|dok sano}}) Sesbania aculeata, and the provincial tree is the fragrant manjack (Cordia dichotoma). The provincial slogan ราชธานีเก่า อู่ข้าวอู่น้ำ เลิศล้ำกานท์กวี คนดีศรีอยุธยา can be translated as "Old capital city, food larder of the country, poets laureate galore, and national heroes". EconomyHonda has an automobile factory in the province. Honda produces hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and batteries for electric vehicles there, and at its factory in Prachin Buri. Honda's Ayutthaya factory has an annual capacity of 300,000 units.[3]Administrative divisionsThe province is divided into sixteen districts (amphoe), 209 communes (tambon)/sub-districts and 1,328 villages (muban). There are two districts which have the same English name; however this is only because the different pronunciation and thus different spelling in Thai gets lost in romanization. Ayutthaya is unique among the provinces of Thailand in that the district of its seat of government is not called Mueang District [Ayutthaya], as the common scheme would suggest, but rather Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya District: {{div col|colwidth=18em}}
ClimateAyutthaya, on the central plains, is affected by three seasons:
|location = Ayutthaya |metric first = Yes |single line = Yes |Jan high C = 31.0 |Feb high C = 33.3 |Mar high C = 35.4 |Apr high C = 35.9 |May high C = 34.3 |Jun high C = 32.6 |Jul high C = 32.0 |Aug high C = 31.4 |Sep high C = 31.3 |Oct high C = 31.3 |Nov high C = 30.7 |Dec high C = 30.0 |year high C = 32.4 |Jan low C = 17.0 |Feb low C = 19.4 |Mar low C = 22.3 |Apr low C = 24.3 |May low C = 24.5 |Jun low C = 24.3 |Jul low C = 24.0 |Aug low C = 23.8 |Sep low C = 23.5 |Oct low C = 22.5 |Nov low C = 20.0 |Dec low C = 17.4 |year low C = 21.9 |Jan rain mm = 2.4 |Feb rain mm = 18.8 |Mar rain mm = 43.5 |Apr rain mm = 67.9 |May rain mm = 208.0 |Jun rain mm = 223.0 |Jul rain mm = 180.8 |Aug rain mm = 260.0 |Sep rain mm = 213.9 |Oct rain mm = 167.6 |Nov rain mm = 37.1 |Dec rain mm = 0.8 |rain colour = green |year rain mm = |Jan rain days = 0 |Feb rain days = 1 |Mar rain days = 4 |Apr rain days = 6 |May rain days = 15 |Jun rain days = 16 |Jul rain days = 17 |Aug rain days = 19 |Sep rain days = 17 |Oct rain days = 12 |Nov rain days = 3 |Dec rain days = 1 |source 1 = Thai Meteorological Department[4] |date=August 2010 }} Transport
TourismAyutthaya is 76 kilometres north of Bangkok and boasts numerous ruins. Such ruins indicate that Ayutthaya was one of Indochina's most prosperous cities. The Ayutthaya Historical Park is a vast stretch of historical sites in the heart of Ayutthaya city. There were three palaces in Ayutthaya: Grand Palace, Chantharakasem Palace or the Front Palace, and Wang Lang or the Rear Palace. In addition, there were many other palaces and buildings for royal visits outside the city area of Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, such as Bang Pa-In Palace at Bang Pa-in and Nakhon Luang Building in the Nakhon Luang District.{{CN|date=July 2018}} Notes{{refbegin}}{{note label|reference_name_a|a|a}} The city was founded on Friday, the 6th day of the waxing moon of the 5th month, 1893 Buddhist Era, corresponding to Friday, 4 March 1351 Common Era, according to the calculation of the Fine Arts Department of Thailand.[5]{{refend}}References1. ^{{cite news|title=Governor bemoans lack of green areas|url=https://www.pressreader.com/thailand/bangkok-post/20180529/281522226761651|accessdate=29 May 2018|work=Bangkok Post|date=29 May 2018}} 2. ^{{cite journal|journal=Royal Gazette|volume=35|issue=0 ก|pages=24–27|script-title=th:ประกาศกระทรวงมหาดไทย เรื่อง เปลี่ยนนามมณฑลกรุงเก่าและจังหวัดกรุงเก่า|url=http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2461/A/412.PDF|format=PDF|date=March 23, 1919|language=Thai}} 3. ^{{cite news |last1=Theparat |first1=Chatrudee |last2=Maikaew |first2=Piyachart |title=BoI gives blessing to B30bn in plans |url=https://www.bangkokpost.com/business/news/1510222/boi-gives-blessing-to-b30bn-in-plans |accessdate=26 July 2018 |work=Bangkok Post |date=26 July 2018}} 4. ^{{cite web | title = 30 year Average (1961-1990) - AYUTTHAYA | url = http://www.tmd.go.th/EN/province_stat.php?StationNumber=48415 | publisher = Thai Meteorological Department | accessdate = 2011-11-12}} 5. ^{{cite book | title = Prachum Phongsawadan Chabap Kanchanaphisek Lem Nueng | script-title=th:ประชุมพงศาวดาร ฉบับกาญจนาภิเษก เล่ม ๑ | trans-title = Golden Jubilee Collection of Historical Archives, Volume 1 | year = 1999 | publisher = Fine Arts Department of Thailand | location = Bangkok | isbn = 9744192151 | language = Thai | page = 211 | editor-last1 = Rotchanaratha | editor-first1 = Wina }} See also
External links{{commons|Ayutthaya}}
|Centre = Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Province |North = Lopburi Province |Northeast = |East = Saraburi Province |Southeast = |South = Pathum Thani Province |Southwest = Nakhon Pathom Province Nonthaburi Province |West = Suphanburi Province |Northwest = Ang Thong Province }}{{Provinces of Thailand}}{{coord|14|20|58|N|100|33|34|E|type:adm1st_region:TH|display=title}} 2 : Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Province|Provinces of Thailand |
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