| 词条 | Picea orientalis |
| 释义 |
| image = Doğu ladini-1.jpg | image_caption = Endemique Habitus. | status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = [1] | genus = Picea | species = orientalis | authority = (L.) Link }} Picea orientalis, commonly known as the Oriental spruce[2] or Caucasian spruce, is a species of spruce native to the Caucasus and adjacent northeast Turkey. DescriptionIt is a large coniferous evergreen tree growing to 30–45 m tall or 98–145 feet (exceptionally to 57 m), and with a trunk diameter of up to 1.5 m (exceptionally up to 4 m). The Caucasian Spruce can also be found in Northern Iran, though its numbers have decreased due to deforestation. The shoots are buff-brown and moderately pubescent (hairy). The leaves are needle-like, the shortest of any spruce, 6–8 mm long, rhombic in cross-section, dark green with inconspicuous stomatal lines. The cones are slender cylindric-conic, 5–9 cm long and 1.5 cm broad, red to purple when young, maturing dark brown 5–7 months after pollination, and have stiff, smoothly rounded scales. It is a popular ornamental tree in large gardens, valued in northern Europe and the USA for its attractive foliage and ability to grow on a wide range of soils. It is also grown to a small extent in forestry for Christmas trees, timber and paper production, though its slower growth compared to Norway spruce reduces its importance outside of its native range. P. orientalis[3] and the cultivar ‘Skylands’[4] have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[5] A frequently seen ornamental cultivar is Picea orientalis 'Aureospicata', which has gold-coloured young foliage in the spring. References1. ^{{Cite journal | author = Farjon, A. | title = Picea orientalis | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 2013 | page = e.T42332A2973275 | publisher = IUCN | date = 2013 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/42332/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T42332A2973275.en | access-date = 12 December 2017}} 2. ^{{cite web |title=BSBI List 2007 |publisher=Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland |url=http://www.bsbi.org.uk/BSBIList2007.xls |format=xls |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6VqJ46atN?url=http://www.bsbi.org.uk/BSBIList2007.xls |archive-date=2015-01-25 |accessdate=2014-10-17 |deadurl=yes |df= }} 3. ^{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector - Picea orientalis|url=http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=3824|accessdate=30 June 2013}} 4. ^{{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/82185/i-Picea-orientalis-i-Skylands/Details| title = RHS Plantfinder - Picea orientalis ‘Skylands’’ | accessdate = 25 April 2018}} 5. ^{{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/pdfs/agm-lists/agm-ornamentals.pdf | title = AGM Plants - Ornamental | date = July 2017 | page = 78 | publisher = Royal Horticultural Society | accessdate = 25 April 2018}} External links{{Commonscat-inline|Picea orientalis|Picea orientalis}}{{Wikispecies-inline}}
6 : Least concern plants|Ornamental trees|Picea|Plants described in 1847|Trees of Europe|Trees of Turkey |
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