| 词条 | Chachi people |
| 释义 |
HistoryAccording to Chachi oral tradition, they originated in Imbabura Province in the mountains near Ibarra,[3][4] fleeing after the Castilian invasion and spent time in Chimborazo. They were forced to settle in the area after the Spanish conquest of Ibarra, which led them to move to Esmeraldas. They have traditionally been known as Cayapas (Cay, meaning "son"; Apa, meaning "father"). However, after rejecting the term "Father's Son", from 1978, the people have been called Chachi ("pure"). The Chachi speak a Barbacoan language named Cayapa, belonging to the Chibcha language group.[5] Linguistically, their closest living relatives are the Tsachila people of Ecuador.[5] Today, they inhabit the river valleys of the Cayapas, Canandé, and Muisne Rivers in Esmeraldas Province.[6] CultureChachi people are characterized as being marginalized and poor.[7] Homes are built on stilts with sides and a roof of thatch.[2] Women's clothing includes a loose skirt with a sash at the waist while men wear a long shirt with pants; both men and women have bare chests.[2] Since colonization, Chachi have converted to Catholicism. The group's leader is known as "Uni" while the "Chaitalas" hold a lesser role. The canoe provides a means of transportation. Bark is used to form a kind of paper or fabric. Their economy is based on traditional subsistence agriculture and fishing.[2][7] However, the Chachi are well noted for their basketwork, and they sell their craft items in stalls in Borbón, Limones, Esmeraldas and Quito. [2] References1. ^1 {{cite book|last=Wolvekamp|first=Paul|title=Forests for the Future: Local Strategies for Forest Protection, Economic Welfare and Social Justice|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o-nMzgMEZlEC&pg=PA91|year=1999|publisher=Zed Books|isbn=978-1-85649-757-2|pages=91–}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite book|last=Palmerlee|first=Danny|title=Ecuador and the Galápagos Islands|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4KQbiA1T-MEC&pg=PA295|year=2003|publisher=Lonely Planet|isbn=978-1-74059-464-6|pages=295–}} 3. ^{{cite book|last=DeBoer|first=Warren|title=Traces Behind the Esmeraldas Shore|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SzLVsiFD1h4C&pg=PA173|accessdate=29 June 2013|date=30 March 1996|publisher=University of Alabama Press|isbn=978-0-8173-0792-9|page=173}} 4. ^{{cite book|last=Janet|first=Stéphanie C.|title=Development, Minorities and Indigenous Peoples: A Case Study and Evaluation of Good Practice|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HM6AAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=29 June 2013|year=2002|publisher=Minority Rights Group International|isbn=978-1-897693-94-0|page=19}} 5. ^1 {{cite book|last=Evans-Pritchard|first=Edward Evan|title=Peoples of the earth|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WdJAAAAAIAAJ|accessdate=29 June 2013|year=1973|publisher=Danbury Press|page=40}} 6. ^{{cite book|last1= Baldauf Jr.|first1=Richard B.|last2=Kaplan|first2=Robert B.|title=Language Planning and Policy in Latin America|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=__RCYFbzA0IC&pg=PA50|accessdate=29 June 2013|year=2007|publisher=Multilingual Matters|isbn=978-1-84769-006-7|page=50}} 7. ^1 {{cite book|last1=Ros-Tonen|first1=Mirjam A. F.|last2=Hombergh|first2=Heleen Van Den|last3=Zoomers|first3=E. B.|title=Partnerships in Sustainable Forest Resource Management: Learning from Latin America|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Br5vZw_S-sYC&pg=PA42|year=2007|publisher=BRILL|isbn=978-90-04-15339-4|pages=42–}} Further reading
3 : Indigenous peoples in Ecuador|Imbabura Province|Esmeraldas Province |
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