| 词条 | Pierre Louis Napoleon Cavagnari |
| 释义 |
Sir Pierre Louis Napoleon Cavagnari {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|KCB|CSI}} (4 July 1841 – 3 September 1879), British military administrator, was the son of Count Louis Adolphus Cavagnari, of an old Italian family from Parma in the service of the Bonaparte family, by his marriage in 1837 with an Anglo-Irish lady, Caroline Lyons-Montgomery. Cavagnari was born at Stenay, in the Meuse département, France, on 4 July 1841.[1][2] He was killed on 3 September 1879 during the siege of the British Residency in Kabul in Afghanistan. He was educated at Christ's Hospital school, starting at the age of 10 years.[1] He had obtained naturalization as a British citizen, and entered the military service of the East India Company. After passing through college at the Addiscombe Military Seminary, he served through the Oudh campaign against the mutineers in 1858 and 1859. In 1861 he was appointed an assistant commissioner in the Punjab region of British India, and in 1877 became deputy commissioner of Peshawar (now in Pakistan) and took part in several expeditions against the Pashtun tribes.[1][2] In September 1878 he was attached to the staff of a British mission to Kabul, Afghanistan, which the Afghans refused to allow to proceed through the Khyber Pass. In May 1879, after the British-Indian forces had invaded Afghanistan, and the death of Afghan Emir Sher Ali Khan, Cavagnari negotiated and signed the Treaty of Gandamak with Sher Ali Khan's son and successor, Mohammad Yaqub Khan. With this treaty, the Afghans agreed to admit a British representative to Kabul, and the post was conferred on Cavagnari, who also received the Star of India and was made a KCB. He took up his residence in July 1879. On 3 September 1879, Cavagnari and the other European members of the mission, along with their guards who were made up of The Guides, were killed after he refused the demands of mutinous Afghan troops. Cavagnari was survived by his wife, Lady Cavagnari (née Mercy Ellen Graves), whom he had married in 1871.[1][2] See also
References1. ^1 2 3 {{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/lifecareerofmajo00deykrich |title=The life and career of Major Sir Louis Cavagnari |publisher=Calcutta, J. N. Ghose & co. |author=Dey, Kally Prosono |year=1881 |accessdate=February 23, 2016}} 2. ^1 2 {{cite book |chapter-url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Cavagnari,_Sir_Pierre_Louis_Napoleon |chapter=Cavagnari, Sir Pierre Louis Napoleon |title=Encyclopædia Britannica |edition=11 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |editor=Chisholm, Hugh |year=1911 |page= |accessdate=February 23, 2016}}
External links
16 : British East India Company Army officers|1841 births|1879 deaths|Knights Commander of the Order of the Bath|People educated at Christ's Hospital|Alumni of Addiscombe Military Seminary|British military personnel of the Indian Rebellion of 1857|Companions of the Order of the Star of India|Naturalised citizens of the United Kingdom|British people of the Second Anglo-Afghan War|French emigrants to the United Kingdom|People from Meuse (department)|French people of Italian descent|French people of Irish descent|British people of Italian descent|British people of Irish descent |
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