| 词条 | Pierre-Marc Johnson |
| 释义 |
| name = Pierre-Marc Johnson | honorific-suffix = GOQ MD LLB | image = Pierre Marc Johnson.jpg | caption = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1946|07|05}} | birth_place = Montreal, Quebec | residence = | death_date = | death_place = | order1 = 24th | office1 = Premier of Quebec | term_start1 = October 3, 1985 | term_end1 = December 12, 1985 | monarch1 = Elizabeth II | lieutenant_governor1 = Gilles Lamontagne | predecessor1 = René Lévesque | successor1 = Robert Bourassa | office2 = Leader of the Opposition | term_start2 = December 12, 1985 | term_end2 = November 10, 1987 | predecessor2 = Robert Bourassa | successor2 = Guy Chevrette | office3 = MNA for Anjou | term_start3 = November 15, 1976 | term_end3 = November 10, 1987 | predecessor3 = Yves Tardif | successor3 = René-Serge Larouche | party = Parti Québécois | religion = | spouse = | profession = lawyer, physician }} Pierre-Marc Johnson, {{Post-nominals|country=CAN|GOQ}}, (born July 5, 1946) is a Quebec lawyer, physician and politician. He was the 24th Premier of Quebec from October 3 to December 12, 1985,[1] making him the province's shortest-serving premier. Early backgroundBorn in Montreal, Quebec, on July 5, 1946, Johnson is of French-Canadian and Irish descent and is a Roman Catholic. He received a degree in law from the Université de Montréal in 1970 and a medical degree from the Université de Sherbrooke in 1976. He is the son of Reine Gagné and Daniel Johnson, Sr., who served as Premier of Quebec from 1966 to 1968. His brother, Daniel Johnson, Jr., served as Premier for nine months in 1994. Each of the Johnsons led different political parties:
Member of the CabinetIn 1976, Pierre-Marc Johnson successfully ran as the Parti Québécois candidate for the district of Anjou. Premier René Lévesque appointed him to the cabinet in 1977 and he was re-elected in 1981. Johnson served as Minister of Labour from 1977 to 1980, Minister to Consumers, Cooperatives and Financial Institutions from 1980 to 1981, Minister of Social Affairs from 1981 to 1984 and Attorney General from 1984 to 1985. Premier of QuebecIn the leadership election of 1985, Johnson was chosen, following PQ founder René Lévesque as leader of the party and, consequently, as Quebec Premier. Johnson was generally considered to be soft on the sovereignty of Quebec issue. He put independence on the back burner, as Lévesque had begun to do under the "Beau risque" approach and eventually made this approach the official constitutional policy of his party, calling it "National Affirmation". Johnson was described as somewhat to the right of the PQ as a whole.[2] Leader of the Official OppositionHe was re-elected to the legislature in 1985, but his party was defeated by the Liberals, led by Robert Bourassa. His leadership was contested by more radical PQ supporters, such as Gérald Godin. On November 10, 1987, he resigned as head of the party, Leader of the Opposition and member of the National Assembly. He was succeeded as head of the PQ by interim leader Guy Chevrette and later Jacques Parizeau, who again made independence a primary goal. Elections as party leaderJohnson lost in the December 1985 election after becoming leader in October. Johnson became as opposition leader and stepped down as party leader in 1987 (with next election in 1989). Life after leaving politicsBoth a lawyer and a physician, he is a former Professor of Law at McGill University in Montreal and was Counsel at the firm of Heenan Blaikie LLP in Montreal, Quebec until 2014. He is now Counsel at the firm of Lavery, also in Montreal. In 2001 he was appointed as chief advisor and negotiator of the Quebec government in the Softwood Lumber dispute between Canada and the United States by then Premier Bernard Landry. In October 2006, he was chosen by the Charest government to preside over a public inquiry into the collapse of a viaduct over Autoroute 19 in Laval, Quebec, leaving five dead and six injured. The choice of Johnson was criticized by both leaders in opposition André Boisclair (PQ) and Mario Dumont (Action démocratique du Québec) because of the possibility of conflict of interest. As president, he was invested with the responsibility of investigating government administration while being a former Minister of the Quebec Government, a former Premier of Quebec, and, until shortly after this nomination, member of the board of directors of Ciment Saint-Laurent, a cement company.[3] Johnson was appointed by the minority Conservative government to the Canadian delegation at the United Nations' Bali Conference on climate change. [https://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/RTGAM.20071204.webali04/BNStory/International] Johnson was Quebec's negotiator for CETA (Canada-European-union Trade Agreement). Attitude about sovereigntyJohnson refused to take a stance regarding the 1995 Quebec referendum on independence. In December 2005 he made waves in sovereigntist circles by supporting Liberal candidate and close, longtime friend Raymond Bachand in a provincial by-election in the Outremont riding.[4] Select publications
See also
Footnotes1. ^{{QuebecMNAbio|johnson-pierre-marc-3721}} 2. ^{{cite web|first=Don|last=Macpherson|url=https://montrealgazette.com/opinion/columnists/don-macpherson-the-failure-of-the-parti-quebecois-leadership-campaign|title=The failure of the Parti Québécois leadership campaign|work=Montreal Gazette|date=May 16, 2015|accessdate=2015-08-20}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://fusion.editionsgenex.com/articles/20070717175516/une_bisbille_eclate_entre_commission_johnson_transports_quebec.html|title=Une bisbille éclate entre la commission Johnson et Transports Québec|work=La Presse|date=July 17, 2007|accessdate=2015-08-20}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.radio-canada.ca/nouvelles/Politique/2005/11/25/001-PIERRE-MARC-JOHNSON.shtml|title=Pierre Marc Johnson tourne le dos au PQ|publisher=Radio-Canada|date=November 25, 2005|accessdate=2015-08-20}} External links
before=René Lévesque| after=Guy Chevrette{{s-off}}{{succession box|title=Premier of Quebec| before=René Lévesque (Parti Québécois)| after=Robert Bourassa (Liberal)| years=1985}}{{succession box|title=Leader of the Opposition in Quebec| before=Robert Bourassa (Liberal)| after=Guy Chevrette (Parti Québécois)| years=1985–1987}}{{s-end}}{{QCPremiers}}{{Johnson Ministry}}{{Lévesque Ministry}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Johnson, Pierre-Marc}} 19 : 1946 births|Living people|Quebec people of Irish descent|Canadian legal scholars|Physicians from Quebec|Fellows of the Royal Society of Canada|French Quebecers|Grand Officers of the National Order of Quebec|Justice ministers of Quebec|Members of the Executive Council of Quebec|Parti Québécois MNAs|Politicians from Montreal|Premiers of Quebec|Academics in Quebec|Lawyers in Quebec|Université de Montréal alumni|Université de Sherbrooke alumni|Leaders of the Parti Québécois|Université de Montréal Faculty of Law alumni |
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