“Pike County, Kentucky”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Pike is Kentucky's easternmost county; it is also the state's largest county in terms of land area. Pike County is the 11th largest county in Kentucky in terms of population preceded by Bullitt County and followed by Christian County. Pike County is Kentucky's third largest banking center, with financial institutions and holding companies having more than $1 billion in assets.^[4] In the five years spanning 1995–2000, personal income increased by 28%, and the county's per capita income exceeded the national and state average growth rates of the past decade.^[5] Pike County is the seventy-first Kentucky county in order of creation.

With regard to the sale of alcohol, it is classified as a moist county—a county in which alcohol sales are prohibited (a dry county), but containing a "wet" city, in this case two cities: Pikeville and Coal Run Village, where package alcohol sales are allowed.^[6]

History

Pike County was founded on December 19, 1821. The county was named for General Zebulon Pike, the explorer who discovered Pikes Peak.^[7] Between 1860 and 1891 the Hatfield-McCoy feud raged in Pike and in bordering Mingo County, West Virginia. On May 6, 1893, Pikeville officially became a city and the county seat.

The Appalachian News Express, published in Pikeville, is preserved on microfilm by the University of Kentucky Libraries. The microfilm holdings are listed in a master negative database on the UK Libraries Preservation and Digital Programs website.^[8]

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of {{convert|789|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|787|sqmi}} is land and {{convert|1.8|sqmi}} (0.2%) is water.^[9] It is the largest county by area in Kentucky.

The main population areas of the county include the city of Pikeville and surrounding suburbs, Elkhorn City, and the unincorporated town of South Williamson.

Major highways

Adjacent counties

Demographics

As of the census^[16] of 2000, there were 68,736 people, 27,612 households, and 20,377 families residing in the county. The population density was {{convert|87|/sqmi|/km2}}. There were 30,923 housing units at an average density of {{convert|39|/sqmi|/km2}}. The racial makeup of the county was 98.35% White, 0.45% Black or African American, 0.11% Native American, 0.41% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.10% from other races, and 0.56% from two or more races. 0.65% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 27,612 households out of which 33.70% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.80% were married couples living together, 11.40% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.20% were non-families. 24.10% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.80% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 2.90.

The age distribution was 23.70% under the age of 18, 9.20% from 18 to 24, 30.00% from 25 to 44, 24.90% from 45 to 64, and 12.30% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 95.50 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.20 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $23,930, and the median income for a family was $29,302. Males had a median income of $32,332 versus $19,229 for females. The per capita income for the county was $14,005. About 20.60% of families and 23.40% of the population were below the poverty line, including 30.20% of those under age 18 and 16.10% of those age 65 or over. The zip codes 41502 (Pikeville), 41503 (South Williamson), and 41527 (Forest Hills) are the wealthiest portions of the county. 41502 is the 50th wealthiest zip code in Kentucky, 41503 is the 61st wealthiest, and 41527 is the 63rd wealthiest. South Williamson and Forest Hills are located on the Northeast side of the county. These three areas combine to 2,129 residents and make up around 3% of the county's population. The average income for these areas are $51,962 (41502), $49,345 (41503), and $48,484 (41527).^[18]

Politics

Historically, Pike County was a solidly Republican county in presidential voting from 1896 to 1928 under the Fourth Party System, then a solidly Democratic county in presidential elections from 1932 until 2004. Since 2008, it has shifted towards the Republican party in presidential voting.^[19]

Local politics have been dominated by the Democratic Party throughout its history, remaining so today – while the county has been carried by Republicans in presidential races since 2008, most local offices, including judge-executive, sheriff, and several representatives in the Kentucky House of Representatives remain Democratic – there were no Republicans running in the last races for judge-executive and sheriff.^[21]^[22]

Economy

Pike County has vast fossil fuel, (coal and natural gas) reserves. Pike County is one of the nation's leading coal and natural gas producers. In April 2007, Pike County announced the first-in-the-nation comprehensive energy strategy which was developed in partnership with the Southern States Energy Board.^[23]

Pike County is the second-largest coal producing county as reported in 2013 next to Union County in the western part of the state. Adding that to the counties of Harlan County, Perry County, and Martin County, Eastern Kentucky produces nearly {{frac|3|4}} of all coal produced in the entire state.^[24] Over 150 million tons are produced annually throughout the state.^[25]

The poverty level of counties in the Appalachian region of Kentucky is 24.4% compared to the United States Poverty Level of 12.4%.^[26] Of the top eight coal-producing counties in eastern Kentucky, Pike County is the only county that does not have a higher poverty rate than Appalachian Kentucky as a whole.

Coal companies in Pike County

Economic growth

Over 1,400 businesses exist in Pikeville. From 2005 to 2011, downtown Pikeville experienced major growth{{citation needed|date=November 2018}}. The Eastern Kentucky Exposition Center was constructed in 2005 and seats 7,000.^[34] It features numerous events including concerts and shows. The county is also home to the Pikeville Concert Association, which secures events that usually take place at Booth Auditorium on the campus of the University of Pikeville.

The Pikeville Medical Center received a $44 million loan from the U.S. Department of Agriculture Rural Development program in 2010 to construct an eleven-story office building and adjacent parking garage in downtown. Construction was completed in 2014.^[35]

The University of Pikeville broke ground on a nine-story building (the Coal Building) on Hambley Boulevard in downtown Pikeville in early 2011 to house the University of Pikeville's School of Osteopathic Medicine.^[36]

In the summer of 2011, Jenny Wiley Theatre group announced their collaboration with the city of Pikeville to construct a 200-seat indoor professional theater in downtown Pikeville. The theatre opened in May 2014.^[37]

Government

The office of Pike County Judge Executive served as a launching pad for the governorship of Paul E. Patton (1995–2003).^[38]

On November 8, 2016, Pike County voted to switch from a magisterial form of government to a commissioner form of government. As of 2019, the Pike County Fiscal Court is composed of three county commissioners and the county judge/executive. This effort was a bi-partisan effort led by a citizens' group, Pike Countians Against Government Waste, that garnered signature petitions in 2015-2016 to place the question on the ballot. The voters of the 2016 election supported changing to a commissioner form of government with nearly 12,000 votes in favor, which was nearly 70% of the popular vote. In March 2016, the fiscal court which is composed of six magistrates and a judge-executive voted unanimously to sue the judge-executive (who voted to sue himself) to overturn the results of the ballot question to change the form of government. The fiscal court, composed of magistrates Jeff Anderson, Vernon "Chick" Johnson, Leo Murphy, Hilman Dotson, and Bobby Varney; and, Judge Bill Deskins, was first represented by John Doug Hays, Assistant County Attorney, and then by County Attorney Howard Keith Hall. The citizens' group was represented by State Senator Ray S. Jones, II, who filed a motion to intervene on behalf of the citizens of Pike County. In October 2017, Special Judge Rebecca Phillips of Morgan County dismissed the fiscal court lawsuit in a 23-page decision, which effectively ended the effort to overturn the voters decision. The commissioner form of government replaced the prior magistrate form of government in 2019.

Healthcare

Hospitals

Education

Pike County colleges

Pike County Schools

The Pike County School System consists of 25 high, middle, and elementary schools.^[39]

High schools

Middle and elementary schools

The following lists of middle and elementary schools is categorized by the high school they feed:

Shelby Valley Day Treatment Center, Phelps Day Treatment Center, are all discipline facilities.

Northpoint Academy is a high school drop out prevention program that focuses on the individual needs of the student. All students at Northpoint are there on a voluntary basis.

Pikeville Independent Schools

Private schools

Sports

Baseball

Pike County has had several minor league teams based out of Pikeville. From 1982 to 1983, the Pikeville Cubs were located in the city. They were part of the Appalachian League and affiliated with the Chicago Cubs. In 1984, the team changed to become affiliated with the Milwaukee Brewers, thus changing its name to the Pikeville Brewers. In 2010 Pikeville Independent's baseball team finished in the final four at the KHSAA Baseball State Tournament. In 2012 and in 2013 Pikeville Junior High baseball finished runner up in the Kentucky Middle School State Tournament both years.

Basketball

In 2007, the East Kentucky Miners came to Pike County after the opening of the Eastern Kentucky Exposition Center. the team played in Pikeville from 2007 to 2010. In 2010, the American Basketball Association opened an expansion franchise in Pikeville called the East Kentucky Energy. In 2010 Shelby Valley High School won the KHSAA Men's Basketball State Championship. In 2011, UPike Men's Basketball won the National Championship defeating Mountain State University.

Football

In 2010 the Pike County Crusaders, an Indoor Arena Football team, was announced as coming to the Eastern Kentucky Expo Center, but the initiative soon failed.

In 2011, The East Kentucky Drillers, an Indoor Arena Football franchise came to the Eastern Kentucky Expo Center in Pikeville. In 2012, the team changed its name to the Kentucky Drillers.

Communities

Cities

Census-designated places

Other unincorporated places

Notable people

See also

References

1. ^¹{{cite web|title=State & County QuickFacts|url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/21/21195.html|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=March 6, 2014|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/60ELuw4QF?url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/21/21195.html|archivedate=July 16, 2011|df=}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx|accessdate=2011-06-07|title=Find a County|publisher=National Association of Counties}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.kyenc.org/entry/p/PIKEC01.html|title=The Kentucky Encyclopedia|first1=Kleber, John|last1=E.|first2=University Press of|last2=Kentucky|first3=Institute for Regional Analysis and Public|last3=Policy|first4=Camden-Carroll|last4=Library|first5=Morehead State|last5=University|date=4 April 2018|website=kyenc.org|accessdate=4 April 2018}}
4. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.egovlink.com/public_documents300/pikeville/published_documents/City%20Hall/Economic%20Development/Cityscapemarch05.pdf|title=Pikeville: Mayberry, with muscle|last=|first=|date=March 2005|work=Kentucky Monthly|accessdate=2014-06-24}}
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.pikecountychamber.org/index.php?n=0&id=12 |title=Pike County, Kentucky |publisher=Pike County Chamber of Commerce |accessdate=May 21, 2010 }}
6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.ky.gov/NR/rdonlyres/88403470-8A7E-410C-9816-8B520F7649C8/0/WetDryList.pdf |title=Wet & Dry Counties in Kentucky |publisher=Kentucky Office of Alcoholic Beverage Control |accessdate=March 21, 2007 |format=PDF |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070315092139/http://www.abc.ky.gov/NR/rdonlyres/88403470-8A7E-410C-9816-8B520F7649C8/0/WetDryList.pdf |archivedate = March 15, 2007}}
7. ^{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=luoxAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA36#v=onepage&q&f=false | title=The Register of the Kentucky State Historical Society, Volume 1 | publisher=Kentucky State Historical Society | year=1903 | pages=36}}
8. ^http://lib..uky.edu/repro/
9. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/docs/gazetteer/counties_list_21.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=August 19, 2014|date=August 22, 2012|title=2010 Census Gazetteer Files|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812210847/http://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/docs/gazetteer/counties_list_21.txt|archivedate=August 12, 2014|df=}}
10. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.planning.kytc.ky.gov/reports/SPRS_listings/listings/pike.pdf |title=Commonwealth of Kentucky Transportation Cabinet |publisher=Commonwealth of Kentucky |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070615104953/http://www.planning.kytc.ky.gov/reports/SPRS_listings/listings/pike.pdf |archivedate=2007-06-15 |df= }}
11. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2016.html|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|accessdate=June 9, 2017}}
12. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|title=U.S. Decennial Census|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=August 19, 2014}}
13. ^{{cite web|url=http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu|title=Historical Census Browser|publisher=University of Virginia Library|accessdate=August 19, 2014}}
14. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/ky190090.txt|title=Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=August 19, 2014}}
15. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf|title=Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=August 19, 2014}}
16. ^{{cite web|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=2008-01-31|title=American FactFinder}}
17. ^{{cite web|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/ADPTable?_bm=y&-context=adp&-qr_name=ACS_2008_3YR_G00_DP3YR2&-ds_name=ACS_2008_3YR_G00_&-tree_id=3308&-redoLog=true&-_caller=geoselect&-geo_id=05000US21195&-format=&-_lang=en|title=American FactFinder - Results|first=U.S. Census|last=Bureau|date=|website=factfinder.census.gov|accessdate=4 April 2018}}
18. ^{{cite web|url=http://wealth.mongabay.com/cities/KENTUCKY.html |title=Highest Income Zip Codes |publisher=IRS |accessdate=June 3, 2010}}
19. ^{{cite web|url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/KY/PI-votes.html|title=The Political Graveyard: Pike County, Ky.|first=Lawrence|last=Kestenbaum|date=|website=politicalgraveyard.com|accessdate=4 April 2018}}
20. ^{{cite web|url=http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS|title=Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections|first=David|last=Leip|date=|website=uselectionatlas.org|accessdate=4 April 2018}}
21. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.kentucky.com/news/politics-government/article44490042.html|title=Pike voters replace state lawmaker, judge-executive and Kentucky's longest-serving sheriff|author=|date=|website=kentucky.com|accessdate=4 April 2018}}
22. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/elections/results/kentucky-state-house-district-94|title=Kentucky 94th District State House Results: Angie Hatton Wins|author=|date=1 August 2017|publisher=|accessdate=4 April 2018|via=NYTimes.com}}
23. ^{{cite web|url=http://medicalleader.org/ip/news.html?id=2303§ion=PMC |title=Pike noted as 'Energy Capital' at state summit |publisher= The Medical Leader |accessdate=June 25, 2014}}
24. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.coaleducation.org/KY_Coal_Facts/production/county_production.htm |title=KY Coal Facts |publisher=Kentucky Office of Mine Safety and Licensing Annual Report, 2006. |accessdate=May 19, 2010}}
25. ^{{cite web|url=http://rogerphilpot.homestead.com/kentuckycoal.html |title=About Kentucky Coal |publisher=Roger Philpot |accessdate=May 19, 2010}}
26. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.maced.org/coal/coal-counties.htm |title=Economic Status of Coal-Producing Counties |publisher=Mountain Association for Community Economic Development|accessdate=May 19, 2010}}
27. ^Alliance Resource Partners, L.P. » Central Appalachia {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130703173151/http://www.arlp.com/mines/central-appalachia.htm |date=2013-07-03 }}
28. ^[Alpha Natural Resources - 2012 Kentucky Operations]
29. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.jamesrivercoal.com/mccoyelkhorn.htm|title=James River Coal Company – McCoy Elkhorn complex|author=|date=|website=jamesrivercoal.com|accessdate=4 April 2018}}
30. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rhinolp.com/central_appalachia.html|title=Central Appalachia|author=|date=|website=rhinolp.com|accessdate=4 April 2018}}
31. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.tecocoal.com/ourbusinesses/clintwood/|title=Clintwood - TECO Coal|author=|date=|website=tecocoal.com|accessdate=4 April 2018}}
32. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.tecocoal.com/ourbusinesses/premier/|title=Premier - TECO Coal|author=|date=|website=tecocoal.com|accessdate=4 April 2018}}
33. ^Virginia State Parks 2012 Attendance and Economic Impact Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation. Retrieved 2014-05-10.
34. ^About Eastern Kentucky Exposition Center. Retrieved 2014-06-25.
35. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.herald-dispatch.com/news/x51938916/Pikeville-Medical-opens-new-clinic-parking|title=Pikeville Medical opens new clinic, parking|publisher=The Herald-Dispatch|author=|date=2014-04-11|accessdate=2014-06-25}}
36. ^Coal Building Ground Breaking coalminingourfuture.net. Retrieved 2014-06-25.
37. ^Jenny Wiley Theatre opens second location in Pikeville {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140606223227/http://www.wkyt.com/wymt/home/headlines/Jenny-Wiley-Theatre-to-open-second-location-in-Pikeville-260363301.html |date=2014-06-06 }} WKYT-TV. Retrieved 2014-06-25.
38. ^Pike County Judge/Executives Since 1965 Office of the Pike County Judge Executive. Retrieved 2014-06-25.
39. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.pike.k12.ky.us/?PN=Schools2 |title=Schools |publisher=Pike County Board of Education |accessdate=May 19, 2010}}