| 词条 | Charlotte Knight |
| 释义 |
| honorific_prefix = | name = | honorific_suffix = | native_name = | native_name_lang = | image = Lady Boughton 1834.jpg | image_size = | alt = | caption = 1834 engraving from the Court Magazine | birth_date = 1801 | birth_place = | death_date = 1843 | death_place = | death_cause = | resting_place = village church at Rous Lench in Worcestershire | resting_place_coordinates = | other_names = | residence = | citizenship = British | nationality = | fields = Horticulture | workplaces = | patrons = | education = | alma_mater = | notable_students = | known_for = Bred the Waterloo cherry | influences = | influenced = | awards = Silver Medal of the Horticultural Society of London | author_abbrev_bot = | author_abbrev_zoo = | spouse = William Rouse-Boughton | partner = | children = 3 sons and 5 daughters | signature = | signature_alt = | website = | footnotes = }}Charlotte Knight (c. 1801–1843), known after her marriage as Charlotte, Lady Rouse-Boughton, was an English horticulturalist who bred the Waterloo cherry.[1](Also known as the early black cherry).[2] OriginsShe was the youngest daughter and heiress of the botanist Thomas Andrew Knight, a member of a wealthy iron-founding dynasty founded by his grandfather Richard Knight of the Bringewood Ironworks in Shropshire. Her father was the heir of his brother the art connoisseur Payne Knight (d.1824), MP,[3] who rebuilt Downton Castle in Shropshire. CareerIn 1817, aged just 16, Charlotte Knight was presented with the Silver Medal of the Horticultural Society of London (now the Royal Horticultural Society) in recognition of the quality of the Waterloo cherry. Her father, himself a noted botanist, had written in 1816 that the new variety "sprang from a seed of the Ambrée of Du Hamel and the pollen of the May-Duke".[4] It was named after the Battle of Waterloo, which had taken place two years before in 1815, as it had fruited first at Elton Hall in Herefordshire a few days after Napoleon's defeat at that battle.[5] It ripens early, in late June to early July, and can serve as a pollinator to later varieties.[6] She was mentioned in the Transactions of the Horticultural Society of London[2] which was published in 1818.It credited her for raising the early black cherry[2] otherwise known as the Waterloo cherry. The writer and gardener Christopher Stocks notes in his book Forgotten Fruits (2008) that Charlotte Knight "deserves posthumous recognition" given how rare it was for women to generate new cultivars: "of all the hundreds of varieties of fruits and vegetables in this book, Waterloo is the only one not to have been created by a man".[1] Marriage & progenyIn 1824 she married Sir William Edward Rouse-Boughton, 2nd and 10th Baronet (1788–1856), a member of parliament for Evesham in Worcestershire, by whom she had 3 sons and 5 daughters, including:[7]
Death and burialCharlotte Boughton was buried in the parish church of Rous Lench in Worcestershire.[1] A portrait of Lady Rouse-Boughton, painted by Henry Collen and engraved by John Cochran, was published in the Court Magazine in July 1834.[9] A copy is in the National Portrait Gallery, London[10] which also has two photographs of her daughter Catherine.[11] External links
References1. ^1 2 {{cite book |last=Stocks |first1=Christopher |title=Forgotten Fruits |isbn=978-1-90-521180-7 }} {{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Knight, Charlotte}}2. ^1 2 {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=crdIAQAAIAAJ&dq=charlotte+knight+horticulture&source=gbs_navlinks_s&hl=en|title=Transactions of the Horticultural Society of London|date=1820|publisher=The Society|language=en}} 3. ^History of Parliament biography 4. ^Thomas Andrew Knight, "[https://archive.org/stream/mobot31753002640792#page/208/mode/2up Some account of three new cherries, the Elton, Black Eagle, and Waterloo]" in Transactions of the Horticultural Society of London vol. 2 (1812–1817) pp. 208–211 5. ^See "Cherry Timeline" and "Cherry Varieties" in Cherry Ripe: a taste of Kent 6. ^Nigel Colborn, "My Cherry Amour" in Daily Mail (3 May 2010) 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1820-1832/member/rouse-boughton-william-1788-1856|title=ROUSE BOUGHTON, William Edward (1788-1856), of Rous Lench, nr. Alcester, Worcs. and Downton Hall, nr. Ludlow, Salop. - History of Parliament Online|website=www.historyofparliamentonline.org}} 8. ^Michael Clarke, Nicholas Penny, eds, The Arrogant Connoisseur: Richard Payne Knight, 1751–1824 (Manchester University Press, 1982) p. 18 [https://books.google.fr/books?id=9Am8AAAAIAAJ Google Books] 9. ^"[https://books.google.fr/books?id=ukEFAAAAQAAJ Genealogical memoir of Lady Boughton]" in Court Magazine (December 1834) pp. 221–222 with illustration 10. ^Catalogue entry (National Portrait Gallery) 11. ^Listing (National Portrait Gallery) 11 : British botanists|English horticulturists|1801 births|1843 deaths|British women scientists|British horticulturists|English gardeners|Women horticulturists and gardeners|19th-century British botanists|19th-century women scientists|Wives of baronets |
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