| 词条 | Piperales | |||||
| 释义 |
| taxon = Piperales | image = Piper aduncum.jpg | image_caption = Piper aduncum | authority = Bercht. & J.Presl{{r|APG3}} | subdivision_ranks = Families | subdivision =
| synonyms_ref = [1] | synonyms =
}} Piperales is a botanical name for an order of flowering plants. It necessarily includes the family Piperaceae but otherwise has been treated variously over time. Well-known plants which may be included in this order include black pepper, kava, lizard's tail, birthwort, and wild ginger. ClassificationAPG systemIn the APG IV system, of 2016, this order is placed in the clade magnoliids and is circumscribed as follows:{{r|APG4}}
family Aristolochiaceae (including Asaraceae, Hydnoraceae and Lactoridaceae) family Piperaceae family Saururaceae
This is an expansion from the APG system, of 1998, which used the same placement (in the magnoliids) but used this circumscription:
family Aristolochiaceae family Lactoridaceae family Piperaceae family Saururaceae Earlier systemsThe Cronquist system, of 1981, placed the order in the subclass Magnoliidae of class Magnoliopsida [=dicotyledons] and used this circumscription:
family Chloranthaceae family Piperaceae family Saururaceae The Engler system, in its update of 1964, placed the order in subclassis Archichlamydeae in class Dicotyledoneae [=dicotyledons] and used this circumscription:
family Chloranthaceae family Lactoridaceae family Piperaceae family Saururaceae The Wettstein system, latest version published in 1935, assigned the order to the Monochlamydeae in subclass Choripetalae of class Dicotyledones. It used the circumscription:
family Piperaceae References1. ^{{Cite journal |last=Angiosperm Phylogeny Group |year=2016 |title=An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV |journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=181 |issue=1 |pages=1–20 |doi=10.1111/boj.12385 }} [1][2]2. ^1 {{Cite web |last=Stevens |first=P.F. |title=Piperales |work=Angiosperm Phylogeny Website |url=http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/Research/APweb/orders/piperalesweb2.htm#Piperales}} }}{{Commons category}} {{Wikispecies}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q27287}} 2 : Piperales|Angiosperm orders |
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