| 词条 | Chewang Norphel |
| 释义 |
|image = File:Chewang Norphel in 2009.jpg |image_size = |alt = |caption = Norphel in 2009 |honorific_prefix = |name = Chewang Norphel |honorific_suffix = |native_name = |native_name_lang = |nationality = |citizenship = |birth_name = |birth_date = 1935 |birth_place = |death_date = |death_place = |resting_place = |resting_place_coordinates = |education = |spouse = |parents = |children = |discipline = Civil Engineering |institutions = |practice_name = |employer = Jammu and Kashmir rural development department |significant_projects = |significant_design = Water catchment; Artificial glacier |significant_advance = |significant_awards = Padma Shri(2015) |signature = }}Chewang Norphel{{needs IPA}} (born 1935) is an Indian civil engineer from Ladakh, who has built 15 artificial glaciers.[1] He has earned the nickname Ice Man.[2] Early life and careerComing from a middle-class family of Leh, Norphel went to Amar Singh College in Srinagar as a student of science. He completed a diploma course in civil engineering from Lucknow in 1960. In June 1960, he joined the rural development department of Jammu and Kashmir in Ladakh as a civil engineer. He retired in 1995. Artificial glaciersIn 1996, Norphel joined the Leh Nutrition Project, a non-governmental organisation, as project manager for watershed development.[3][4] Norphel noticed a small stream had frozen solid under the shade of a group of poplar trees, though it flowed freely elsewhere in his yard. He realized the reason for this phenomenon: the flowing water was moving too quickly to freeze, while the sluggish trickle of water beneath the trees was slow enough to freeze. Based on this, he created artificial glaciers by diverting a river into a valley, slowing the stream by constructing checks. The artificial glaciers increase the ground-water recharge, rejuvenating the spring and providing water for irrigation. He constructed them at lower elevations, so that they melt earlier, expanding the growing season.[5] By 2012, Norphel had built 12 artificial glaciers. Norphel's largest glacier is the one at the Phuktsey village.[6] It is 1,000 ft long, 150 ft wide and 4 ft in depth. It can supply water for the entire village of 700 people and cost Rs 90,000 to make.[7] Documentary film-maker Aarti Shrivastava also directed a short film on his life titled White Knight, which was screened at film festivals in India and abroad. AwardsHe is a recipient of the Jamnalal Bajaj Award in 2010.[8] He was awarded Padma Shri, the fourth highest civilian award of India, in 2015.[9] References1. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/environment/globalwarming/6449982/Indian-engineer-builds-new-glaciers-to-stop-global-warming.html|title=Indian engineer 'builds' new glaciers to stop global warming|work=The Telegraph|date=28 October 2009|first=Dean|last=Nelson}} 2. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1717149,00.html|title='Ice Man' vs. Global Warming|work=Time Magazine|date=25 February 2008|first=Heidi|last=Shrager}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rainwaterharvesting.org/methods/harvesters/norphel.htm |title=Water harvesters|publisher=Centre for Science and Environment }} 4. ^{{cite web|title=Real Heros|url=http://realheroes.com/2008/inside_environment.php|work=2008|publisher=IBN Live|accessdate=19 February 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120407124637/http://realheroes.com/2008/inside_environment.php#|archive-date=7 April 2012|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}} 5. ^{{cite news|last=Buncombe|first=Andrew|title=Creating glaciers out of thin air|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/creating-glaciers-out-of-thin-air-1875472.html|accessdate=19 February 2013|newspaper=Telegraph|date=22 January 2010}} 6. ^{{cite news|url=http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2001/08/0830_artglacier_2.html|title="Artificial Glaciers" Aid Farmers in Himalayas|work=National GeographicNews |date=4 September 2001|first=Pallava|last=Bagla}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ecosensorium.org/2009/11/chewang-norphelthe-ice-man-of-ladakh.html|title=The ice-man of Ladakh brings hope to farmers|publisher=Ecosensorium |date=8 November 2009}} 8. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.jamnalalbajajfoundation.org/awards/archives/2010/science-and-technology/shri-chewang-norphel | title=Jamnalal Bajaj Award | publisher=Jamnalal Bajaj Foundation | date=2015 | accessdate=13 October 2015 }}{{dead link|date=August 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 9. ^{{cite web |title=Padma Awards 2015 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150128022143/http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=114952 |url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=114952 |publisher=Press Information Bureau |accessdate=25 January 2015 |archivedate=28 January 2015 |deadurl=yes |df= }} External links
7 : People from Leh district|Indian civil engineers|Living people|1935 births|Recipients of the Padma Shri in other fields|Engineers from Jammu and Kashmir|20th-century Indian engineers |
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