| 词条 | Chief of Defence Force (Singapore) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|post = Chief |body = Defence Force |insignia = |insigniasize = |insigniacaption = |image = |incumbent = Lieutenant-General Melvyn Ong |incumbentsince = 23 March 2018 |nominator = Prime Minister of Singapore; Armed Forces Council |appointer = President of Singapore |termlength = Not fixed |inaugural = Lieutenant-General Winston Choo |formation = 1974 as Chief of General Staff; May 1990 as Chief of Defence Force }} The Chief of Defence Force of Singapore is the head of the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF), who holds the rank of a three-star general or admiral.[1] The position was created in 1974 as the Chief of General Staff with the appointment of Winston Choo, and changed to its current name in May 1990. Prior to the appointment of Choo as Chief of General Staff, the Ministry of Defence (and before it, the Ministry of Interior and Defence) was in charge of the SAF. Before the position was created, the head of Singapore's army—which at that time made up the military—held the position of Director, General Staff. The President of Singapore has the power to appoint each new CDF (as well as new heads of each of the three services in the SAF) on the advice of the Prime Minister of Singapore, who in turn must consult with the Armed Forces Council,[2] on which the CDF sits. The CDF also maintains a role as an aide-de-camp to the President. RoleThe CDF is the operational head of the SAF,[3] and holds a seat on the Armed Forces Council which oversees all matters pertaining to the SAF.[4] In addition, if any of the three service chiefs—the Chief of Army, Chief of Navy or Chief of Air Force—is unable to carry out his duties, the CDF is tasked to perform those duties in addition to his own. If the CDF is unable to perform his own duties, the Minister of Defence is allowed to select one of the three service chiefs to perform the CDF's duties.[2] The office of CDF also carries with it a position as one of three full-time aides-de-camp to the President. According to the Singapore Presidential Office website, the position entails handling the President's security and his/her's social needs, in addition to other general duties.[5] A number of powers relating to summary trials for military offences is vested in the CDF. Paragraph 2, Section 62 of the Singapore Armed Forces Act states that any offence in which the accused holds the rank of Colonel or Military Expert 7 is to be referred to the CDF,[6] who can then dismiss the charge, hold a summary trial, or pass the case on to the director of legal services of the SAF,[7] who can in turn instruct the CDF to try the accused.[8] As head of the SAF, the CDF often makes visits to countries with shared military interests, such as Bahrain,[9] Japan,[10] and Vietnam,[11] and also occasionally hosts foreign military chiefs on official visits.[12] Leadership of the SAF before 1990The role of the head of the SAF was first titled as "Director, General Staff" around 1969, and was held by Brigadier T. J. D. Campbell,[13] who was previously the head of the Singapore Defence Force and the Singapore Volunteer Corps before Singapore gained independence in 1965.[14] Campbell had been the acting-Director since around 1968.[15] Colonel Kirpa Ram Vij was appointed his successor.[16] According to sources, the position of "Director, General Staff" was considered similar to the position of the present-day CDF,[16] and was equivalent to the head of army.[17] A news report from The Straits Times on Campbell's death refers to him as having been "army chief".[15] In 1974, Colonel Winston Choo was given the appointment of Chief of the General Staff, having previously been a departmental head at the Ministry of Defence (MINDEF). In May 1990, the position was changed to its current name, with Choo, who had been promoted to Lieutenant-General, still in office. He had been promoted to each of the general ranks in 1974, 1978 and 1988.[18] Choo stepped down in 1992, after 18 years as the head of the SAF.[19] Lee Kuan Yew, who was Singapore's Prime Minister in the 1970s, described Goh Keng Swee as the de facto armed forces chief of staff when the latter was Minister of Defence.[20] Goh had been responsible for evolving the SAF while serving as Minister of Defence from 1965–1967.[21][22]Although Campbell and Vij have both held a position of similar authority, Choo is referred to as the first CDF in a number of MINDEF publications.[23][24] In the past, there also existed a Deputy Chief of the General Staff[25] who was tasked to "[work] with troops on the ground",[26] but there is no deputy position for the present-day CDF in the structure of the SAF.[3]
Chiefs of Defence Force since 1990Since the appointment of CDF was established in 1990 there have been seven holders of the position, beginning with Winston Choo who was already in office as Chief of the General Staff. {{Officeholder table start| showorder = y | showimage = y | officeholder_title = Chief of Defence Force | showtermlenght = y | showparty = n | showpreviousoffice = y | showaltofficeholder = y | alt_officeholder_title = Later office | showdefencebranch = y | showref = y }}{{Officeholder table | order = 1 | image = blank.png | military_rank = Lieutenant-General | officeholder = Winston Choo | officeholder_sort = Choo, Winston | officeholder_note = | born_year = 1941 | died_year = | term_start = May 1990 | term_end = 30 June 1992 | timeinoffice = 2 years | defence_branch = Army Signals | previous_office = Chief of the General Staff | alt_officeholder = Public sector (Ministry of Foreign Affairs) | ref = [18] }}{{Officeholder table | order = 2 | image = blank.png | military_rank = Lieutenant-General | officeholder = Ng Jui Ping | officeholder_sort = Ping, Ng Jui | officeholder_note = | born_year = | died_year = | term_start = 30 June 1992 | term_end = 1 July 1995 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|1992|06|30|1995|07|01}} | defence_branch = Army Artillery | previous_office = Chief of Army | alt_officeholder = Private sector (as an entrepreneur) | ref = [28][29][30] }}{{Officeholder table | order = 3 | image = blank.png | military_rank = Lieutenant-General | officeholder = Bey Soo Khiang | officeholder_sort = Khiang, Bey Soo | officeholder_note = | born_year = | died_year = | term_start = 1 July 1995 | term_end = 1 April 2000 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|1995|07|01|2000|04|01}} | defence_branch = Air Force | previous_office = Chief of Air Force | alt_officeholder = Private sector (Singapore Airlines) | ref = [31] }}{{Officeholder table | order = 4 | image = blank.png | military_rank = Lieutenant-General | officeholder = Lim Chuan Poh | officeholder_sort = Poh, Lim Chuan | officeholder_note = | born_year = | died_year = | term_start = 1 April 2000 | term_end = 1 April 2003 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|2000|04|01|2003|04|01}} | defence_branch = Army Infantry | previous_office = Chief of Army | alt_officeholder = Public sector (Ministry of Education, A*STAR) | ref = [31] }}{{Officeholder table | order = 5 | image = Ng Yat Chung.png | military_rank = Lieutenant-General | officeholder = Ng Yat Chung | officeholder_sort = Chung, Ng Yat | officeholder_note = | born_year = | died_year = | term_start = 1 April 2003 | term_end = 23 March 2007 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|2003|04|01|2007|02|23}} | defence_branch = Army Artillery | previous_office = Chief of Army | alt_officeholder = Private sector (Temasek Holdings, Neptune Orient Lines, Singapore Press Holdings) | ref = [32] }}{{Officeholder table | order = 6 | image = US Navy Admiral Mike Mullen, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and Singaporean Chief of Defence Force Lieutenant-General Desmond Kuek Bak Chye, Singapore - 20080529.jpg | military_rank = Lieutenant-General | officeholder = Desmond Kuek | officeholder_sort = Kuek, Desmond | officeholder_note = | born_year = 1963 | died_year = | term_start = 23 March 2007 | term_end = 1 April 2010 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|2007|02|23|2010|04|01}} | defence_branch = Army Armour | previous_office = Chief of Army | alt_officeholder = Public sector (Ministry of the Environment and Water Resources, SMRT Corporation) | ref = [33] }}{{Officeholder table | order = 7 | image = Neo Kian Hong.jpg | military_rank = Lieutenant-General | officeholder = Neo Kian Hong | officeholder_sort = Hong, Neo Kian | officeholder_note = | born_year = | died_year = | term_start = 1 April 2010 | term_end = 27 March 2013 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|2010|04|01|2013|03|27}} | defence_branch = Army Guards | previous_office = Chief of Army | alt_officeholder = Public sector (Ministry of Education, Ministry of Defence, SMRT Corporation) | ref = [34][35][36] }}{{Officeholder table | order = 8 | image = Maj Gen Ng Chee Meng at the Shangri-La Dialogue, Singapore - 20140530.jpg | military_rank = Lieutenant-General | officeholder = Ng Chee Meng | officeholder_sort = Meng, Ng Chee | officeholder_note = | born_year = 1968 | died_year = | term_start = 27 March 2013 | term_end = 18 August 2015 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|2013|03|27|2015|09|18}} | defence_branch = Air Force | previous_office = Chief of Air Force | alt_officeholder = Joined politics (Minister for Education, 2nd Minister for Transport) | ref = [37][38] }}{{Officeholder table | order = 9 | image = Singapore Army Lieutenant General Perry Lim Cheng Yeow (Flickr id 38876138601).jpg | military_rank = Lieutenant-General | officeholder = Perry Lim | officeholder_sort = Lim, Perry | officeholder_note = | born_year = | died_year = | term_start = 18 August 2015 | term_end = 23 March 2018 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|2015|09|18|2018|03|23}} | defence_branch = Army Guards | previous_office = Chief of Army | alt_officeholder = Senior Military Advisor | ref = [38] }}{{Officeholder table | order = 10 | image = Blank.png | military_rank = Lieutenant-General | officeholder = Melvyn Ong | officeholder_sort = Ong, Melvyn | officeholder_note = | born_year = | died_year = | term_start = 23 March 2018 | timeinoffice = {{ayd|2018|03|23}} | defence_branch = Army Guards | previous_office = Chief of Army | alt_officeholder = . | ref = [39][40] }}{{Officeholder table end}} In their retirement citations from the Ministry of Defence,
Notes{{Commons category|Chiefs of Defence Force of Singapore}}1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.mindef.gov.sg/content/imindef/mindef_websites/topics/ranks/officers.html|title=SAF Military Ranks - Officers|date=24 April 2010|publisher=Singapore Ministry of Defence|accessdate=4 March 2011|quote=The Chief of Defence Force holds the rank Lieutenant-General (LG) and Service Chiefs hold the rank of Major-General (MG).|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213121445/http://www.mindef.gov.sg/content/imindef/mindef_websites/topics/ranks/officers.html|archive-date=2013-12-13|dead-url=no|df=}} 2. ^1 {{Singapore legislation|title=Singapore Armed Forces Act|cap=295|ed=2000}} Section 10A. Retrieved 10 March 2011. 3. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.mindef.gov.sg/imindef/about_us/organisation_structure.html|title=MINDEF - About Us - Organisation Structure|date=4 March 2011|publisher=Singapore Ministry of Defence|accessdate=10 March 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080807182222/http://www.mindef.gov.sg/imindef/about_us/organisation_structure.html|archive-date=2008-08-07|dead-url=no|df=}} 4. ^{{Singapore legislation|title=Singapore Armed Forces Act|cap=295|ed=2000}} Section 8. Retrieved 10 March 2011. 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.istana.gov.sg/content/istana/presidentsoffice/aidesdecamp.html|title=Aides-de-Camp|publisher=Istana (President's Office)|accessdate=6 March 2011|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110602085016/http://www.istana.gov.sg/content/istana/presidentsoffice/aidesdecamp.html|archivedate=2 June 2011|df=}} 6. ^{{Singapore legislation|title=Singapore Armed Forces Act|cap=295|ed=2000}} Section 62. Retrieved 10 March 2011. 7. ^{{Singapore legislation|title=Singapore Armed Forces Act|cap=295|ed=2000}} Section 65B. Retrieved 10 March 2011. 8. ^{{Singapore legislation|title=Singapore Armed Forces Act|cap=295|ed=2000}} Section 67. Retrieved 10 March 2011. 9. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.bna.bh/portal/en/news/428109|title=CP MEETS SINGAPORE CHIEF OF DEFENCE FORCE|date=20 October 2008|publisher=Bahrain News Agency|accessdate=26 July 2011}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.mod.go.jp/e/jdf/no15/leaders.html#activity02|title=Courtesy Visit by Singapore Armed Forces Chief of Defence Force|date=November 2009|work=Japan Defense Focus|publisher=Japan Self-Defense Force|accessdate=26 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121006153217/http://www.mod.go.jp/e/jdf/no15/leaders.html#activity02#activity02|archive-date=2012-10-06|dead-url=no|df=}} 11. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.dztimes.net/post/politics/defence-co-operation-ties-with-singapore-appreciated.aspx|title=Defence co-operation, ties with Singapore appreciated|date=19 April 2011|work=Vietnam News|publisher=dztimes.net|accessdate=26 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120327224835/http://www.dztimes.net/post/politics/defence-co-operation-ties-with-singapore-appreciated.aspx|archive-date=2012-03-27|dead-url=yes|df=}} 12. ^{{cite news|url=http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/90001/90776/90883/6792712.html|title=China's PLA Chief of General Staff visits Singapore|date=24 October 2009|publisher=Xinhua|accessdate=26 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121017122309/http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/90001/90776/90883/6792712.html|archive-date=2012-10-17|dead-url=no|df=}} 13. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.mindef.gov.sg/content/imindef/mindef_websites/atozlistings/army/microsites/armymuseum/education/stories/Personal_Stories/The_Swinging_60s/Evelyn_Tay.print.html?Status=1|title=Stories - Profile of Ms Evelyn Tay|date=25 August 2006|publisher=Army Museum Singapore|accessdate=10 March 2011}} 14. ^{{cite news|url=http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article.aspx?articleid=straitstimes19660913.2.30&sessionid=fbdfaf741f884638878820b2919390ae&keyword=%22Brigadier+Campbell%22&lang=en&token=campbell%2cbrigadier|title=Defence commander sees cadet display|date=13 September 1966|work=Straits Times|page=4|accessdate=22 April 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121107020208/http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article.aspx?articleid=straitstimes19660913.2.30&sessionid=fbdfaf741f884638878820b2919390ae&keyword=%22Brigadier+Campbell%22&lang=en&token=campbell,brigadier|archive-date=2012-11-07|dead-url=yes|df=}} 15. ^1 2 {{cite news|url=http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article.aspx?articleid=straitstimes19891022.2.29.6&sessionid=907e458440074a598bd3598fe4a12ac2&keyword=%22Campbell%22+%22Brigadier%22&lang=en&search=advanced&fromdate=19890101&todate=19891231&articles=1&advertisements=1&illustrations=1&letters=1&obituaries=1&miscellaneous=1&newspaperTitles=biztimes%2cdailyadvertiser%2ceasterndaily%2cfreepress%2cmalayansatpost%2cmiddayherald%2csingchronicle%2csingdailynews%2csingfreepressa%2csingfreepressb%2csingweekherald%2cstoverland%2cstraitsadvocate%2cstraitschinherald%2cstraitseurasian%2cstraitsmail%2cstraitsobserver%2cstraitstelegraph%2cstraitstimes%2cstweekly%2ctoday%2cweeklysun&fuzzysearch=Off&token=campbell%2cbrigadier|title=Ex-army chief, BG Campbell, dies in Australia|date=22 October 1989|work=Straits Times|page=17|accessdate=22 April 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121107020153/http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article.aspx?articleid=straitstimes19891022.2.29.6&sessionid=907e458440074a598bd3598fe4a12ac2&keyword=%22Campbell%22+%22Brigadier%22&lang=en&search=advanced&fromdate=19890101&todate=19891231&articles=1&advertisements=1&illustrations=1&letters=1&obituaries=1&miscellaneous=1&newspaperTitles=biztimes,dailyadvertiser,easterndaily,freepress,malayansatpost,middayherald,singchronicle,singdailynews,singfreepressa,singfreepressb,singweekherald,stoverland,straitsadvocate,straitschinherald,straitseurasian,straitsmail,straitsobserver,straitstelegraph,straitstimes,stweekly,today,weeklysun&fuzzysearch=Off&token=campbell,brigadier|archive-date=2012-11-07|dead-url=yes|df=}} 16. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.mindef.gov.sg/imindef/about_us/history/birth_of_saf/v12n02_history.html|title=History - 1966 - The Beginning of SAFTI (Volume 12 Issue 2)|last=Liew|first=Derek|date=7 February 2008|publisher=Singapore Ministry of Defence|accessdate=16 March 2011}} 17. ^1 {{cite news|url=http://www.asiaone.com/News/AsiaOne+News/Singapore/Story/A1Story20110107-257017.html|title=In command of his life|last=Jonas|first=Patrick|date=January 7, 2011|work=AsiaOne|accessdate=16 March 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707175600/http://www.asiaone.com/News/AsiaOne+News/Singapore/Story/A1Story20110107-257017.html|archive-date=2011-07-07|dead-url=no|df=}} 18. ^1 2 {{cite press release|title=Appointment of Singapore's High Commissioner to South Africa|publisher=Singapore Ministry of Foreign Affairs|date=25 July 2001|url=http://app.mfa.gov.sg/2006/press/view_press.asp?post_id=487|accessdate=6 March 2011|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020131039/http://app.mfa.gov.sg/2006/press/view_press.asp?post_id=487|archivedate=20 October 2007|df=}} 19. ^{{cite press release|title=Appointment of Lt-Gen (Retd) Winston Choo as High Commissioner to Papua New Guinea|publisher=Singapore Ministry of Foreign Affairs|date=15 March 2000|url=http://app.mfa.gov.sg/2006/press/view_press.asp?post_id=266|accessdate=6 March 2011|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071030103452/http://app.mfa.gov.sg/2006/press/view_press.asp?post_id=266|archivedate=30 October 2007|df=}} 20. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.pmo.gov.sg/content/pmosite/mediacentre/speechesninterviews/ministermentor/2010/May/eulogy_by_ministermentorleekuanyewatthestatefuneralserviceforthe.html|title=Eulogy by Minister Mentor Lee Kuan Yew at the State Funeral Service For The Late Dr Goh Keng Swee at the Singapore Conference Hall, Sunday 23 May 2010|last=Lee|first=Kuan Yew|publisher=Prime Minister's Office (Singapore)|accessdate=6 March 2011|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110213103034/http://www.pmo.gov.sg/content/pmosite/mediacentre/speechesninterviews/ministermentor/2010/May/eulogy_by_ministermentorleekuanyewatthestatefuneralserviceforthe.html|archivedate=13 February 2011|df=}} 21. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.channelnewsasia.com/stories/singaporelocalnews/view/1108281/1/.html|title=Goh Keng Swee Command & Staff College unveiled|last=S Ramesh|date=1 February 2011|work=Channel NewsAsia|accessdate=12 March 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110205042931/http://www.channelnewsasia.com/stories/singaporelocalnews/view/1108281/1/.html|archive-date=2011-02-05|dead-url=no|df=}} 22. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.straitstimes.com/BreakingNews/Singapore/Story/STIStory_630950.html|title=SAF institute named after Goh Keng Swee|last=Chow|first=Jermyn|date=2 February 2001|work=Straits Times|accessdate=12 March 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110205095914/http://www.straitstimes.com/BreakingNews/Singapore/Story/STIStory_630950.html|archive-date=2011-02-05|dead-url=no|df=}} 23. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.mindef.gov.sg/imindef/mindef_websites/atozlistings/army/army_news/News_Archive/2011/Mar2011/Signals_Anniversary_Relay1.html|title=The Singapore Army - News Archive - A Night To Remember – Signals 45th Anniversary Military Dining-In|last=Luo|first=Joel|date=7 March 2011|publisher=Singapore Ministry of Defence|accessdate=10 March 2011|quote=LG (RET) Winston Choo, who was SAF's first Chief of Defence Force (1974 - 1992)}} 24. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.mindef.gov.sg/imindef/publications/cyberpioneer/news/2008/September/18sep08_news.html|title=SAF Joint Staff celebrates 25 years and beyond|last=Quek|first=Sherlyn|date=18 September 2008|publisher=Cyberpioneer|accessdate=16 March 2011|quote=Minister for Defence Teo Chee Hean was present, together with special guest, Lieutenant-General (LG) (Ret) Winston Choo, Singapore's first Chief of Defence Force (CDF).|archive-url=https://archive.is/20120805010841/http://www.mindef.gov.sg/imindef/publications/cyberpioneer/news/2008/September/18sep08_news.html|archive-date=2012-08-05|dead-url=no|df=}} 25. ^{{cite news|url=http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article.aspx?articleid=straitstimes19820828.2.13&sessionid=2c169c4fd21d4adca670b7420eeb5f30&keyword=%22Deputy+Chief+of+General+Staff%22&lang=en&token=of%2cgeneral%2cchief%2cstaff%2cdeputy|title=Brigadier General for Home Affairs|date=28 August 1982|work=Straits Times|accessdate=22 April 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121107021415/http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article.aspx?articleid=straitstimes19820828.2.13&sessionid=2c169c4fd21d4adca670b7420eeb5f30&keyword=%22Deputy+Chief+of+General+Staff%22&lang=en&token=of,general,chief,staff,deputy|archive-date=2012-11-07|dead-url=yes|df=}} 26. ^{{cite news|url=http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article.aspx?articleid=straitstimes19860701.2.24.4&sessionid=8fcef15c715f4708b41133636e70e9cd&keyword=%22Mancharan+Singh+Gill%22&lang=en&token=singh%2cgill%2cmancharan|title=SAF promotes 273 of its best senior officers|date=1 July 1986|work=Straits Times|accessdate=23 April 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121107021453/http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article.aspx?articleid=straitstimes19860701.2.24.4&sessionid=8fcef15c715f4708b41133636e70e9cd&keyword=%22Mancharan+Singh+Gill%22&lang=en&token=singh,gill,mancharan|archive-date=2012-11-07|dead-url=yes|df=}} 27. ^As Minister of Defence, Goh has been described by Lee Kuan Yew as the de facto leader of the SAF. 28. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.internationalpsa.com/about/pdf/AR2006/BoDirectors.pdf|title=Board of Directors|year=2006|publisher=PSA International|page=11|accessdate=22 April 2011|quote=Lt-Gen (Ret) Ng holds a number of directorships in the private sector|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927153838/http://www.internationalpsa.com/about/pdf/AR2006/BoDirectors.pdf|archive-date=2011-09-27|dead-url=no|df=}} 29. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.mindef.gov.sg/imindef/about_us/history/birth_of_saf/v08n08_history.html|title=History - 1967 - School of Artillery|publisher=Singapore Ministry of Defence|accessdate=6 March 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060927094356/http://www.mindef.gov.sg/imindef/about_us/history/birth_of_saf/v08n08_history.html|archive-date=2006-09-27|dead-url=no|df=}} 30. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.mindef.gov.sg/content/imindef/publications/cyberpioneer/news/2010/may/21may10_news3.print.html?Status=1|title=Glowing tributes to the SAF's founding father|last=Quek|first=Sherlyn|date=21 May 2010|publisher=Cyberpioneer|accessdate=6 March 2011}} 31. ^1 2 {{cite press release|title=Chief of Defence Force Change of Command Parade|publisher=Singapore Ministry of Defence|date=31 March 2000|url=http://www.mindef.gov.sg/imindef/news_and_events/nr/2000/mar/31mar00_nr.html|accessdate=6 March 2011}} 32. ^1 {{cite press release|title=Change of Chief of Defence Force and Service Chiefs|publisher=Singapore Ministry of Defence|date=6 February 2003|url=http://www.mindef.gov.sg/imindef/news_and_events/nr/2003/feb/06jan03_nr4.html|accessdate=6 March 2011}} 33. ^1 {{cite press release|title=Change of Chief of Defence Force and Chief of Army|publisher=Singapore Ministry of Defence|date=6 February 2007|url=http://www.mindef.gov.sg/imindef/news_and_events/nr/2007/feb/06feb07_nr.html|accessdate=6 March 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070528020330/http://www.mindef.gov.sg/imindef/news_and_events/nr/2007/feb/06feb07_nr.html|archive-date=2007-05-28|dead-url=no|df=}} 34. ^1 {{cite press release|title=New Chief of Defence Force for the SAF|publisher=Singapore Ministry of Defence|date=1 April 2010|url=http://www.mindef.gov.sg/imindef/news_and_events/nr/2010/apr/01apr10_nr.html|accessdate=6 March 2011|archive-url=https://archive.is/20121225182556/http://www.mindef.gov.sg/imindef/news_and_events/nr/2010/apr/01apr10_nr.html|archive-date=2012-12-25|dead-url=no|df=}} 35. ^1 {{cite press release|title=Change in Chief of Defence Force and Chief of Army|publisher=Singapore Ministry of Defence|date=15 January 2010|url=http://www.mindef.gov.sg/imindef/news_and_events/nr/2010/jan/15jan10_nr.html |accessdate= 6 March 2011}} 36. ^{{cite press release |title= New CEO for SMRT |publisher= Channel NewsAsia |date= 18 April 2018 |url= https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/singapore/smrt-desmond-kuek-neo-kian-hong-new-ceo-10147140 |accessdate= 18 April 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180418065909/https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/singapore/smrt-desmond-kuek-neo-kian-hong-new-ceo-10147140 |archive-date= 2018-04-18 |dead-url= no |df= }} 37. ^{{cite press release|title=New Chief of Defence Force for the SAF|publisher=Singapore Ministry of Defence|date=27 March 2013|url=http://www.mindef.gov.sg/imindef/press_room/official_releases/nr/2013/mar/27mar13_nr.html|accessdate=27 March 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131226081108/http://www.mindef.gov.sg/imindef/press_room/official_releases/nr/2013/mar/27mar13_nr.html|archive-date=2013-12-26|dead-url=no|df=}} 38. ^1 39. ^{{Cite web |url=https://www.mindef.gov.sg/web/portal/mindef/news-and-events/latest-releases/article-detail/2018/march/12mar18_nr |title=Archived copy |access-date=2018-03-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180313031455/https://www.mindef.gov.sg/web/portal/mindef/news-and-events/latest-releases/article-detail/2018/march/12mar18_nr |archive-date=2018-03-13 |dead-url=no |df= }} 40. ^{{Cite web |url=https://www.mindef.gov.sg/web/portal/mindef/news-and-events/latest-releases/article-detail/2018/march/23mar18_nr2 |title=Archived copy |access-date=2018-03-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180327144628/https://www.mindef.gov.sg/web/portal/mindef/news-and-events/latest-releases/article-detail/2018/march/23mar18_nr2 |archive-date=2018-03-27 |dead-url=no |df= }} References{{Reflist|30em}}{{Chief of military by country}} 2 : Singaporean military personnel|Chiefs of defence |
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