“Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A.”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Established in 1935, Chiesi concentrates primarily on developing respiratory, cardiovascular and neonatological drugs, along with those for treating muscular and skeletal conditions. Chiesi's operations regarding neonatological drugs have come under criticism for patenting drugs that Chiesi has not been instrumental in developing. Because of this behavior, some of Europe's neonatology wards have experienced economic hardships due to Chiesi' profiteering.^[4] As well as developing drugs in-house, Chiesi has a policy of developing drugs in collaboration with pharmaceutical businesses outside Italy.

The Company employs approximately 6000 people within and beyond Italy. It holds 550 international patents, and employs approximately 800 people dedicated to Research and Development activities, including regulatory in the R&D centres in Parma, Paris, Cary (North Carolina, USA), Chippenham (UK), Oxford (UK), and Sweden. It is especially Chiesi's way of dealing with patents that has caused controversy for the company.

2010 was the year in which turnover broke through the Billion Euro barrier, with Chiesi recording sales growth of 16.4% over the figure for 2009. By 2013 turnover had reach €1,236, {{check|date=January 2017}} with increases coming primarily from outside the Italian home market.^[5]

Chiesi Farmaceutici closes 2016 on a high with an annual turnover of €1.571 million, an increase of more than +7.0% on the previous year (+9.6% at constant exchange rates), and EBITDA equal to €448 million (a year-on-year increase of over 8.2%). The robust health of the company is reflected by its investment in innovation and development, with R&D expenditure rising by over +12.5% in the 2015-2016 period to reach €340 m in 2016, 21% of total sales. The Group currently has 51 active research and development projects. ^[6]

In 2014 Chiesi was granted a monopoly on producing and marketing a form of medicine that helps prematurely-born infants breathe. As a consequence, the price of this drug has gone up by 4000 %.^[7] Many prematurely-born infants have trouble breathing and because of this they need this so-called caffeine citrate drug. Chiesi has allegedly exploited legislation that was created to compensate companies that have had substantial expenses with developing new drugs. But Chiesi has not developed this form of medication.^[8] Chiesi has a ten-year monopoly on caffeine citrate drugs on the European market and due to this monopoly they can keep competition out. Chiesi does not want to disclose why they have raised their prices even though they have not had any expenses with developing this drug.^[9]

Notes and sources

1. ^In July 2014 the company website shows a Consiglio di Amministrazione (Board of Directors) comprising eight individuals. Six of these are named "Chiesi"
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.chiesigroup.com/web/guest/management?idt=8020|title=Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A.|website=www.chiesigroup.com}}
3. ^http://www.chiesi.uk.com/about_chiesi/
4. ^Louise Damløv, ”Fra en 20’er til 800 kr: Medicinalfirma hæver prisen på livsvigtig medicin til for tidligt fødte børn” at dr.dk, 11 September 2016
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=5546570|title=Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A.: Private Company Information - Bloomberg|website=investing.businessweek.com}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.chiesi.com/en/chiesi-group-reports-an-increased-turnover-in-2018-and-consolidates-its-global-presence/|title=Chiesi Group reports an increased turnover in 2018 and consolidates its global presence}}
7. ^Louise Damløv, ”Fra en 20’er til 800 kr: Medicinalfirma hæver prisen på livsvigtig medicin til for tidligt fødte børn” at dr.dk, 11 September 2016
8. ^Louise Damløv, ”Fra en 20’er til 800 kr: Medicinalfirma hæver prisen på livsvigtig medicin til for tidligt fødte børn” at dr.dk, 11 September 2016
9. ^Louise Damløv, ”Fra en 20’er til 800 kr: Medicinalfirma hæver prisen på livsvigtig medicin til for tidligt fødte børn” at dr.dk, 11 September 2016