| 词条 | Pisgah Astronomical Research Institute |
| 释义 |
|name = Pisgah Astronomical Research Institute |background = |image = |caption = Smiley with 26 West in the background |organization = |code = |location = Balsam Grove, North Carolina |coords = {{Coord|35.1996|-82.8724|type:landmark|display=title,inline}} |altitude = {{convert|914|m|sp=us|disp=flip}} |weather = |established = {{Start date|1999|01}} |closed = |website = {{URL|pari.edu/}} |telescope1_name = Solar Telescope |telescope1_type = Coronado Solarmax 40 optical |telescope2_name = Polaris Telescope |telescope2_type = 12-inch Cassegrain optical |telescope3_name = SPACE Telescope |telescope3_type = 10-inch Cassegrain optical |telescope4_name = Furman/PARI Telescope |telescope4_type = 0.35-meter Cassegrain optical |telescope5_name = PARSEC Telescope |telescope5_type = 16-inch Cassegrain optical |telescope6_name = 26 meter East |telescope6_type = 327 MHz radio |telescope7_name = 26 meter West |telescope7_type = 1.4 and 4.8 GHz radio |telescope8_name = 12 meter |telescope8_type = Precision surface 20 GHz radio |telescope9_name = 4.6 meter "Smiley" |telescope9_type = 21 cm (1.42 GHz) radio |telescope10_name = Sun / Jupiter Array |telescope10_type = Automated tracking 17 to 30 MHz radio |telescope11_name = Eight Meter Transient Array |telescope11_type = 29 to 47 MHz radio }} Pisgah Astronomical Research Institute (PARI) (pronounced perry) is a non-profit astronomical observatory located in the Pisgah National Forest near Balsam Grove, North Carolina. PARI operates multiple radio telescopes and optical telescopes for research and teaching purposes. The observatory is affiliated with the University of North Carolina system through the Pisgah Astronomical Research and Science Educational Center (PARSEC). HistoryPARI is located at the site of the former Rosman Satellite Tracking Station, which was established by NASA in 1962. The site was part of the worldwide Spacecraft Tracking and Data Acquisition Network and an integral communications link for the manned space programs Project Gemini and Project Apollo. The facility was transferred to the National Security Agency (NSA) in 1981 and, as the Rosman Research Station, was used as a signals intelligence gathering facility. The site was closed by the NSA in 1995 and turned over to the United States Forest Service.[1] After several years of inactivity, the government proposed to dismantle the facility. Recognizing the utility of the site, a small group of interested scientists and businessmen formed a not-for-profit foundation, which acquired the site in January 1999. Capital investment continues, allowing updates of the equipment for astronomical observation purposes. The observatory maintains a staff of professional astronomers, engineers, and other scientists. Research and educationPARI hosts research and study programs with Furman University, Clemson University, Virginia Tech, South Carolina State University and Duke University. The PARI site has hosted several professional astronomy meetings including the Small Radio Telescope Conference in August 2001, the Gamma-Ray Bursts Today and Tomorrow Conference in August 2002 and the Workshop on a National Plan for Preserving Astronomical Photographic Plates in November 2007.[2] PARI hosts several educational opportunities, including the Duke University Talent Identification Program. PARI also sponsors astronomy educational programs using the portable StarLab planetarium, which have been presented to over 40,000 people in Western North Carolina. Facilities{{expand section|date=April 2014}}The principal radio research instruments at PARI are two 26 meter radio telescopes and a 4.6 meter radio telescope named Smiley. These have been adapted for precision tracking of celestial radio sources using multiple frequencies. Smiley is used for remote classroom teaching of astronomy by students in the US and worldwide. Smiley was given its pleasant face around 1982 as a greeting to overflying foreign surveillance satellites. PARI is home to the Astronomical Photographic Data Archive (APDA), a site to help preserve astronomical photographic plates. These plates were the primary recording medium for astronomy data from the late 19th century until the 1980s. It is estimated that over two million of the plates exist in astronomy facilities around the world and are in jeopardy of being destroyed because of a lack of storage facilities. An Exhibit Gallery displays a collection of rare meteorites and minerals as well as NASA Space Shuttle artifacts, many of which have flown in space. See also
Notes1. ^{{Citation | last = | first = | title = Rosman Tracks on to the End | journal = Cryptologic Almanac | publisher = National Security Agency – Center for Cryptologic History | date = August 1996 | url = https://www.nsa.gov/public_info/_files/crypto_almanac_50th/Rosman_Tracks_to_the_End.pdf | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20130918015604/http://www.nsa.gov/public_info/_files/crypto_almanac_50th/Rosman_Tracks_to_the_End.pdf | archivedate = 2013-09-18 | df = }} 2. ^{{Citation | last = Osborn | first = Wayne | last2 = Robbins | first2 = Lee | publication-date = 2009 | title = Preserving Astronomy's Photographic Legacy: Current State and the Future of North American Astronomical Plates | series = Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series | volume = 410 | publisher = Astronomical Society of the Pacific | place = San Francisco| pages = 153–159 | isbn = 978-1-58381-700-1 | bibcode = 2009ASPC..410.....O }} General references
External links
8 : Astronomical observatories in North Carolina|Radio telescopes|Buildings and structures in Transylvania County, North Carolina|University of North Carolina|Pisgah National Forest|Education in Transylvania County, North Carolina|Tourist attractions in Transylvania County, North Carolina|National Security Agency facilities |
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