| 词条 | Chittagong Ship Breaking Yard | |||||||||||
| 释义 |
HistoryIn 1960, after a severe cyclone, the Greek ship M D Alpine was stranded on the shores of Sitakunda, Chittagong. It could not be re-floated and so remained there for several years. In 1965, Chittagong Steel House bought the ship and had it scrapped. It took years to scrap the vessel, but the work gave birth to the industry in Bangladesh. During the Bangladesh Liberation War, a Pakistani ship Al Abbas was damaged by bombing. Later on, the ship was salvaged by a Soviet team who were working at Chittagong port at the time and the ship was brought to the Faujdarhat seashore. A local company, Karnafully Metal Works Ltd bought it as scrap in 1974 and introduced commercial ship breaking in the country.[3] The industry grew steadily through the 1980s and, by the middle of the 1990s, the country ranked number two in the world by tonnage scrapped. In 2008, there were 26 ship breaking yards in the area, and in 2009 there were 40.[4] From 2004 to 2008, the area was the largest ship-breaking yard in the world. However, by 2012 it had dropped from half to a fifth of worldwide ship-breaking.[2] At one stage the industry was a tourist attraction, but outsiders are no longer welcome due to its poor safety record;[5] a local watchdog group claims that one worker dies a week on average.[6] Workers have neither protective equipment nor financial security.[7] In 2014, shipping company Hapag-Lloyd followed an earlier decision by Maersk to stop using the yard for breaking its old ships, despite the higher costs elsewhere.[8] A scene of the movie Age of Ultron was shot at the ship breaking yards of Chittagong.[9] GalleryReferences1. ^{{cite web |url=http://scrapshipbreaking.com/2011/05/08/chittagong-ship-breaking-yard-bangladesh/ |title=Chittagong Ship Breaking Yard, Bangladesh |work=Scrapshipbreaking.com |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120201025411/http://scrapshipbreaking.com/2011/05/08/chittagong-ship-breaking-yard-bangladesh/ |archivedate=1 February 2012}} 2. ^1 {{cite magazine |title=Ship breaking in Bangladesh: Hard to break up |url=https://www.economist.com/news/asia/21565265-controversial-industry-says-it-cleaning-up-its-act-activists-still-want-it-shut-hard-break |magazine=The Economist |date=27 October 2012 |accessdate=15 May 2013}} 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.shipbreakingbd.info/overview.html |title=Overview of Ship breaking in Bangladesh |publisher=Young Power in Social Action}} 4. ^{{cite web| last=Sarraf|first=Maria | last2=Steur-Lauridsen|first2=Frank | last3=Dyoulgerov|first3=Milen | last4=Bloch|first4=Robin | last5=Wingfield|first5=Susan | last6=Watkinson|first6=Roy | title=Ship Breaking and Recycling Industry in Bangladesh and Pakistan| publisher=World Bank | url=http://siteresources.worldbank.org/SOUTHASIAEXT/Resources/223546-1296680097256/Shipbreaking.pdf | accessdate=6 October 2012 |page=30}} 5. ^{{cite magazine |last=Gwin |first=Peter |date=May 2014 |title=The Ship-Breakers |url=http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2014/05/shipbreakers/gwin-text |magazine=National Geographic |accessdate=25 May 2014 }} 6. ^{{cite news |last=Vidal |first=John |date=5 May 2012 |title=Bangladeshi workers risk lives in shipbreaking yards |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/may/05/bangladesh-workers-asia-shipbreaking |newspaper=The Guardian |accessdate=16 March 2014}} 7. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.ypsa.org/publications/shipbreaking_baseline_survey.pdf |title=Workers in Shipbreaking Industries: A Base Line Survey of Chittagong (Bangladesh) |publisher=Young Power in Social Action |year=2005 |isbn=984-32-2024-2 |page=15}} 8. ^{{cite news |first=Stephen |last=Evans |date=1 September 2014 |title=How do you safely break up an 'old lady'? |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-28857283 |work=BBC News |accessdate=1 September 2014 }} 9. ^{{cite news |last = Conaway |first =Cameron |date =29 October 2014 |title = The State of Our World in a 1-Second Clip |url = http://www.huffingtonpost.com/cameron-conaway/the-state-of-our-world_b_6064576.html |work = Huffington Post |access-date =23 February 2015 }} External links{{Commons category|Chittagong Ship Breaking Yard}}{{Commons category|Shipbreaking}}{{external media| align = right | width = 220px | video1 = {{YouTube|fxUGONR9pQw|Where Ships and Workers Go to Die}} | video2 = {{YouTube|qhIaEEW63Sc|Ship Breakers}}}}
2 : Economy of Chittagong|Ship breaking |
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