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词条 Chong Chon Gang
释义

  1. History

      Detentions   Subsequent developments 

  2. See also

  3. References

  4. External links

{{about|a ship|the river|Chongchon River}}{{Infobox ship image
Chong Chon Gang
Ship image= Ship caption=
}}{{Infobox ship career		 Hide header= Ship name=1977-2014 Chong Chon Gang

2014-present Tong Hung San

 Ship namesake=Ch'ongch'on River Ship owner=Chongchongang Shipping (2013) Ship operator=Chongchongang Shipping (2013) Ship registry=Nampo, {{PRK}} Ship route= Ship ordered= Ship awarded= Ship builder=Nampo Shipyard Ship original cost= Ship yard number= Ship way number= Ship laid down= Ship launched= Ship sponsor= Ship christened= Ship completed= Ship acquired= Ship in service=1977 Ship out of service= Ship homeport=7937317}} Ship motto= Ship nickname= Ship fate= Ship notes= Ship badge=
}}{{Infobox ship characteristics		 Hide header= Header caption= Ship class= Ship type=General cargo ship9147}} Ship displacement=155|m|abbr=on}}20|m|abbr=on}} Ship height=8.9|m|abbr=on}} Ship depth= Ship hold depth= Ship decks= Ship deck clearance= Ship power= Ship propulsion= Ship speed= Ship range= Ship endurance= Ship boats= Ship capacity= Ship crew=35 Ship notes=
}}
{{Campaignbox Korean Cold War}}

Chong Chon Gang (Chosŏn'gŭl: {{linktext|청|천|강|호}}, Hanja: {{linktext|淸|川|江|號}}[1]) is a North Korean cargo ship, later renamed the Tong Hung San.

The {{convert|155|m|abbr=on}} general cargo ship was built in 1977[2] in Nampo. Its owner is listed as Chongchongang Shipping of Pyongyang.[3] Chongchongang Shipping may be a front company answering to "Office #39" (otherwise known as the Central Committee Bureau 39) of the Workers' Party of Korea (WPK), which is responsible for state-sanctioned illicit activities such as the smuggling of prohibited items including weapons and luxury goods. Office #39 was created in 1974 as a department-level organization within the WPK Secretariat under the WPK Central Committee. Its primary role was, and still is, engaging in illegal activities in order to generate hard currency for the North Korean government.[4]

History

On 11 March 2009, Chong Chon Gang was chased by Somali pirates in the Arabian Sea. Pirates shot guns and an RPG from a speedboat, which damaged the ship and injured two crew members.[5][6] After the attack, the ship caught the attention of maritime officials when it made a stop at the Russian naval facility in Tartus, Syria. It's unknown why it was there.

Detentions

On 26 February 2003, Iran detained Chong Chon Gang at Bandar Imam Khomeini.[5]

In February 2010, Ukrainian authorities detained the ship at Oktyabrsk Port, Mykolaiv. It was carrying a heroin substitute, alcohol, cigarettes, and AK-47 ammunition.[7]

In March 2010, Egypt charged that the vessel was carrying "dangerous goods".

From April 12, 2013, to July 11 the Chong Chon Gang sent irregular signals to the Automatic Identification System. This and "unspecified" intelligence prompted Panamanian officials to seize the ship on 15 July at Manzanillo International Terminal[8][9] Reportedly, when Panamanian troops approached the ship, its crew responded violently and the captain later attempted to kill himself.[10] A reported missile was found buried in a cargo of 250,000 bags of brown sugar, resulting in the vessel's seizure. It was reportedly on its way from Cuba to North Korea. As of 16 July, only two of the several cargo compartments had been inspected. North Korea has yet to comment, while Cuba stated that the "obsolete weapons" on the ship were going to North Korea for repair. These weapons included two anti-aircraft missile batteries, nine air defense missiles in parts, two Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 fighter planes, and 15 engines for them.[9][11] All of these weapons were built by the Soviet Union in the mid-20th century.[12]

The Red Cross stated that "[the crew members] are OK. They are all calm,".[13] Panama expelled most of the ship's 35-man crew to Cuba and other countries on 30 January 2014. The captain and two other officers were kept in Panama to face charges of arms smuggling.[14] The North Korean government paid a fine of US$700,000 for the release of the vessel.[15]

Subsequent developments

In October 2014 the Chong Chon Gang was transferred to another North Korean owner, Tonghunsan Shipping Company, and renamed Tong Hun San.[16][17]

See also

  • Annie Larsen affair
  • Boka Star
  • {{MV|Francop}}
  • Victoria Affair
  • List of North Korean merchant ships

References

1. ^{{cite web |url=http://japanese.joins.com/article/943/173943.html |title=パナマ大統領「北朝鮮の船舶からミサイル部品押収」 |trans-title={{-"}}Missile parts seized from ships of North Korea" Panama President |language=Japanese |website=Joong-Ang Il-bo |date=17 July 2013}}
2. ^{{cite web |url=http://convenientflags.blogspot.com/2013/07/chong-chon-gang-north-korean-flag-ship.html |title=Chong Chon Gang: North Korean-flagship with missile |website=Convenient Flags |date=16 July 2013}}
3. ^{{cite web |url=http://maritime-connector.com/ship/chong-chon-gang-7937317/ |title=Chong Chon Gang |website=Maritime Connector |accessdate=16 July 2013}}
4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a518777.pdf |format=pdf |title=Criminal Sovereignty: Understanding North Korea's Illicit International Activities |first=Paul Rexton |last=Kan |first2=Bruce E., Jr. |last2=Bechtol |first3=Robert M. |last3=Collins |date=March 2010 |publisher=U.S. Army War College |website=Strategic Studies Institute}}
5. ^1 {{cite news |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2013/07/17/n-korea-ship-checkered-history/2524479/ |title=North Korea ship held in Panama has a colorful past |date=18 July 2013 |first=Oren |last=Dorell |newspaper=USA Today| accessdate=21 September 2013}}
6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.nation.co.ke/Mombasa/-/519978/547648/-/mpgprp/-/index.html |title=Crew member shot as pirates attack vessel |first=Gitonga |last=Marete |newspaper=Sunday Nation |department=Mombasa |date=18 March 2009| accessdate=21 September 2013}}
7. ^{{cite news |url=http://vsyapravda.com/news/id19381/toprn1 |script-title=ru:Вся правда :: Ким Чен Ир будет недоволен: в Украине арестовали судно КНДР |trans-title=Kim Jong-il will be dissatisfied in Ukraine DPRK ship arrested |date=2 February 2010 |language=Russian |work=Vsya-Pravda| accessdate=21 September 2013}}
8. ^{{Cite news|url = https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2013/07/17/n-korea-ship-checkered-history/2524479/|title = North Korea ship held in Panama has a colorful past|date = July 18, 2013|accessdate = July 18, 2013|publisher = USA Today}}
9. ^1 {{cite news |url=http://www.cnn.com/2013/07/16/world/panama-north-korean-ship/index.html?hpt=hp_inthenews |title=Cuba: 'Obsolete' weapons on ship were going to North Korea for repair |first=Mariano |last=Castillo |first2=Catherine E. |last2=Shoichet |first3=Patrick |last3=Oppmann |publisher=CNN |date=17 July 2013}}
10. ^{{Cite news |url=http://worldnews.nbcnews.com/_news/2013/07/16/19497159-north-korean-ship-carrying-hidden-missile-equipment-detained-after-leaving-cuba?lite |title=North Korean ship carrying hidden 'missile equipment' detained after leaving Cuba |first=Ian |last=Johnston |first2=F. Brinley |last2=Bruton |work=NBC News |date=16 July 2013}}
11. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-23324170 |title=North Korean ship with 'military cargo' held by Panama |work=BBC News |department=Asia |date=16 July 2013}}
12. ^{{cite news |url=https://news.yahoo.com/panama-finds-mig-fighter-jets-north-korean-arms-235241780.html |title=Panama finds MiG fighter jets on North Korean arms ship |work=Yahoo! News |agency=Reuters |date=21 July 2013 |last=Kriel |first=Lomi| accessdate=21 September 2013}}
13. ^{{cite news|url=http://au.news.yahoo.com/thewest/a/-/world/18121944/?|title=Red Cross says crew of seized North Korean ship well|date=July 24, 2013|accessdate=July 24, 2013}}
14. ^{{cite news |first=Castalia |last=Pascual |title=Panama releases majority of crew on North Korean ship |publisher=CNN |url=http://www.cnn.com/2014/01/30/world/americas/panama-north-korean-ship/ |date=30 January 2014 |accessdate=31 January 2014}}
15. ^{{Cite web|title=North Koreans ready to pay for arms smuggling ship and crew: North Korean Foreign Ministry agrees to pay $700,000 fine|first=Leo|last=Byrne|date=17 January 2014|work=NKNews.com|access-date =17 February 2014|url=https://www.nknews.org/2014/01/north-koreans-ready-to-pay-for-arms-smuggling-ship-and-crew/}}
16. ^{{cite web|title=Report of the Panel of Experts established pursuant to resolution 1874 (2009)|url=http://daccess-ods.un.org/TMP/2382470.66736221.html|publisher=United Nations Security Council|accessdate=25 December 2015|ref=UNSC2015|page=47|date=23 February 2015}}
17. ^{{cite news|last1=Byrne|first1=Leo|title=OFAC’s new sanctions on N. Korean shipping|url=http://www.nknews.org/2015/12/ofacs-new-sanctions-on-n-korean-shipping/|accessdate=25 December 2015|publisher=NK News|date=10 December 2015}}

External links

  • {{cite web |url=http://www.marinetraffic.com/ais/shipdetails.aspx?MMSI=445114000 |title=Chong Chon Gang |website=Marine Traffic}}
  • {{cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/2013/07/19/us-panama-northkorea-ships-idUSBRE96I02K20130719 |title={{-'}}Desperate' Cuba voyage is latest scrape for North Korean fleet |work=Reuters |first=Paul |last=Eckert |date=18 July 2013}}

10 : 1977 ships|Maritime incidents in 2013|Maritime incidents in Panama|Panama Canal|Merchant ships of North Korea|Bulk carriers|Arms trafficking|Covert organizations|Intelligence operations|2013 in Panama
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