释义 |
- Plumcots and apriplums
- Pluots
- Apriums
- Varieties Plumcot varieties Pluot varieties Aprium varieties
- See also
- References
{{wiktionary|plumcot|pluot|aprium}}Pluots, apriums, apriplums, or plumcots, are some of the hybrids between different Prunus species that are also called interspecific plums. Whereas plumcots and apriplums are first-generation hybrids between a plum parent (P. salicina or P. cerasifera or their hybrids), and an apricot (P. armeniaca), pluots and apriums are later-generations.[1][2] Both names "plumcot" and "apriplum" have been used for trees derived from a plum seed parent, and are therefore equivalent.[3][4]Plumcots and apriplumsNatural plumcots (also called apriplums) have been known for hundreds of years from regions of the world that grow both plums and apricots from seed.[5] The name plumcot was created by Luther Burbank.[6] The plumcot tree can reproduce asexually by budding[3] whereas the apriplum tree resulted from hybridized seedlings and cannot reproduce.[4] PluotsPluots {{IPAc-en|ˈ|p|l|uː|ɒ|t}} are later generations of complex hybrid between the Japanese plum, Prunus salicina (providing the greater amount of parentage), and the apricot, Prunus armeniaca.[7][8] The fruit's exterior has smooth skin closely resembling that of a plum. Pluots were developed in the late 20th century by Floyd Zaiger.[9] ApriumsApriums are complex plum-apricot hybrids that show primarily apricot traits and flavor.[1] Apriums resemble apricots on the outside. The flesh is usually dense and notable for its sweet taste due to a high content of fructose and other sugars.[8] Apriums are usually only available early in the fruit season, like apricots and unlike pluots, which include some very late-ripening varieties. Aprium trees grow quickly and are smaller compared to other common home-grown apricots. The fruit is gold, with red coloration. Semi-mature fruit is hard and does not ripen if picked before completely mature. VarietiesPlumcot varietiesPlumcot varieties include: - Flavorosa: very sweet, medium-sized, flat round dark-purple fruit with red flesh, early ripening
- Flavor Royal: very sweet, medium-sized, dark purple with crimson flesh, early ripening
- Eagle Egg: very sweet, medium-sized, dark red with crimson flesh, early mid season
- Amigo: rosy plum flavors with a hint of berry, red skin with red bleeding to yellow flesh, early mid season
- Tropical Plumana: sugary tropical punch flavor, medium-sized, red over greenish yellow background with yellow flesh, early mid season
- Crimson Sweet: sweet flavor, medium-sized, crimson skin with pinkish flesh, mid season
- Dapple Jack: medium size with mottled pale green, red-spotted skin, red juicy flesh, late mid season
- Sweet Treat: super sweet with hints of Thompson grape flavor, green, golden skin with yellow juicy flesh, late mid season
- Flavor Queen: medium to large size, very juicy flesh, very sweet, golden yellow when fully ripe, late season
- Flavor Grenade: large size, oblong shape with red blush on green background, crisp, refreshing pineapple and juicy apple flavor, late season
- Summer Punch: medium to large size, very juicy flesh, very sweet with berry and melon undertones, late season
- Tropical Sunrise: Yellow to orange color skin with red blush and orange flesh, sweet plum and apricot flavors
- Flavor King: fruit punch flavor, medium size, with burgundy skin and red, super sweet, juicy flesh, late season
- King Kong: very large size with black skin, plum-like flavor with hints of almond
- Flavor Fall: large size, average flavor, red skin with yellow flesh, very late season
Pluot varietiesPluot varieties include:[10] - Dapple Dandy: large size with mottled pale green to yellow, red-spotted skin, red or pink juicy flesh, firm flesh, moderately late ripening.
- 'Dinosaur egg' is a trademarked name for Dapple Dandy variety.
- Early Dapple: good flavor, medium-sized, mottled green over red skin with pink flesh, early ripening
- Emerald Drop: medium to large size, green skin and yellow-orange flesh, moderately late ripening
- Flavor Delight: medium-sized, fuchsia-honey colored skin with pink flesh, early ripening
- Flavor Fall: large size, average flavor, red skin with yellow flesh, late ripening
- Flavor Finale: medium to large size, purple-red skin with amber-red flesh, exceptional complex flavor, late ripening
- Flavor Grenade: large size, oblong shape with red blush on green background, yellow juicy flesh, moderately late ripening
- Flavor Heart: very large, black with a heart shape, and yellow flesh
- Flavor Jewel: sweet flavor, heart shaped, red over yellow skin with yellow flesh
- Flavor King: Fruit punch flavor, medium size, with burgundy skin and red super sweet juicy flesh, moderately late ripening, flesh is hard until fully ripe
- Flavor Prince: large round and purple, with red flesh
- Flavor Penguin: medium size, early ripening grown in a humid climate
- Flavor Queen: medium to large size, very juicy flesh, very sweet, golden yellow when fully ripe, midseason
- Flavor Rich: medium-sweet, large black round fruit with orange flesh
- Flavor Royal: very sweet, medium-sized, dark purple with crimson flesh, very early ripening
- Flavor Supreme: medium or large, greenish purple skin, juicy red flesh
- Flavorich: large size, dark purple skin and firm, sweet, yellow-orange flesh, moderately late ripening
- Flavorosa: very sweet, medium-sized, flat, round, dark-purple fruit with red flesh, very early ripening
- Geo Pride: medium size, red-skin and yellow flesh, balanced acid-sugar, predominately sweet with unique plum/apricot flavor, moderately late ripening
- Raspberry Jewel: medium, dark red skin, brilliant red, honey-sweet flesh[11]
- Red Ray: medium, bright red with dense, sweet orange flesh
- Splash: small to medium red-orange fruit, with very sweet orange flesh, midseason
Aprium varietiesAprium varieties include:[12] - Cot-N-Candy : harvests in early to mid June, flesh is extra sweet and juicy, with a plummy aftertaste, size is 2.0 to 2.5 inches in radius on average, self-fruitful
- Flavor Delight : resembles an apricot, but with a distinctive flavor and texture all its own, pleasant, lingering aftertaste, bigger crops if pollenized by any apricot
- Tasty Rich Aprium: Very early harvests, in May. Light yellow-orange, firm, freestone. Flavor predominantly apricot, with pleasant aftertaste
See also {{commons category|Prunus pluot}}{{commons category|apriums}}- Nectaplum
- Peacotum
- Prunus brigantina, an apricot species with smooth-skinned fruit
- Prunus dasycarpa, an apricot hybrid known as "black apricot" or "purple apricot"
References 1. ^1 {{cite book|title=The perfect fruit: good breeding, bad seeds, and the hunt for the elusive pluot (snippet view)|author=Chip Brantley|year=2009|publisher=Bloomsbury, USA|location=New York|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v-9Dqz6xYlkC&dq=inauthor:%22Chip+Brantley%22&source=gbs_navlinks_s}} 2. ^{{cite web|title=Plu-What? What's the difference between pluots and plumcots|first=Chip|last=Brantley|url=http://www.slate.com/id/2225665/|publisher=Slate|date=2009-08-19}} 3. ^1 US patent PP4338 Plumcot tree 4. ^1 US patent PP19519 5. ^Okie, W.R. 2005. Spring satin plumcot. Journal of American Pomological Society. 59(3):119-124.abstract 6. ^{{cite book|year=1914 |title= Luther Burbank: his methods and discoveries and their practical application |chapter= Chapter 7: How far can plant improvement go? The crossroads — where fact and theory seem to part |publisher=Luther Burbank Press|editor1=J. Whitson |editor2=R. John |editor3=H.S. Williams |pages= 211–244|volume=1}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/pluot|title=Pluot|date=1 January 2019|publisher=Oxford University Press|accessdate=20 January 2019}} 8. ^1 {{cite book | last = Ingels| first= Chuck, et. al. | title=The Home Orchard: Growing Your Own Deciduous Fruit and Nut Trees | page=33 | year=2007 | publisher=University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources}} 9. ^Okie, W.R. 2005. Spring satin plumcot. Journal of American Pomological Society. 59(3):119-124. 10. ^Centers for Disease Control, Fruit of the month 11. ^theproduceguide.com listing for Raspberry Jewel pluot 12. ^aprium-facts from grownincalifornia.com
{{Hybrid Prunus}}{{Authority control}} 1 : Hybrid prunus |