| 词条 | Claud Russell |
| 释义 |
| honorific-prefix = Sir | name = Claud Frederick William Russell | honorific-suffix = {{post-nominals|country=GBR|KCMG|FRGS|FZS}} | image = | alt = | caption = | birth_name = | birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1871|12|08}} | birth_place = | death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1959|12|09|1871|12|08}} | death_place = | nationality = British | other_names = | alma_mater = Balliol College, Oxford | occupation = Diplomat | years_active = | known_for = | notable_works = | spouse = {{marriage|Athenais Atchley|1920}} | children = Lord Arthur Russell | mother = | father = | relatives = }} Sir Claud Frederick William Russell {{post-nominals|country=GBR|KCMG|FRGS|FZS}} (8 December 1871 – 9 December 1959) was a British diplomat who was minister to Ethiopia and to Switzerland and ambassador to Portugal. BiographyRussell was the second son of Lord Arthur Russell. He was educated privately and at Balliol College, Oxford. He joined the Diplomatic Service in 1897[1] and served in British embassies or legations in Turkey, Egypt, China, France, Russia, Morocco, Argentina, Paraguay, Spain, Greece, and in the Foreign Office. At the outbreak of the First World War he was released from the Foreign Office to serve in the Bedfordshire Yeomanry, rising to the rank of major. After the war, in 1919 he was appointed British delegate to, and president of, the international financial commission which had been established in Athens following the Greco-Turkish War (1897) to oversee the public finances of Greece, and also to the Inter-Allied Financial Commission that oversaw loans to help the Greek government recover from the war. Russell was then appointed Minister to Ethiopia 1920–25;[2] Minister to Switzerland 1928–31;[3] and Ambassador to Portugal 1931–35.[4] Claud Russell was knighted KCMG in the King's Birthday Honours of 1930.[5] The Portuguese government awarded him the Grand Cross of the Order of Christ. During the Second World War, at the age of 69, Sir Claud enlisted in the Home Guard. He rented Trematon Castle 1939–59[6] and died there on his 88th birthday. As Ambassador to Lisbon he was one of very few senior diplomats to write favourably on whether women should be admitted to the Diplomatic Service. In his contribution to the Shuster Committee review in 1934 he said, "I have an instinctive prejudice in favour of change, which I associate with improvement and reform ... I do not see why a woman should not cohabit at her post with her husband [particularly if he were] a man of letters or a craftsman of any sort ... We live in a changing world, and no-one can say how mankind will regard anything in 1959. Who would have foreseen in 1894 that in twenty-five years women would be made eligible for the House of Commons?"[7] Personal lifeRussell married Athenais Atchley, daughter of Shirley Clifford Atchley in 1920.[8] {{s-start}}{{s-dip}}{{succession box| title = Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Ethiopia | years = 1920–1925 | before = Wilfred Thesiger | after = Charles Bentinck }}{{succession box | title = Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the Swiss Confederation | years = 1928–1931 | before = Rowland Sperling | after = Sir Howard Kennard }}{{succession box | title = Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to the Portuguese Repuplic | years = 1931–1935 | before = Sir Francis Lindley | after = Sir Charles Wingfield }}{{s-end}} References1. ^{{London Gazette |issue=26819 |page=630 |date=2 February 1897}} 2. ^{{London Gazette |issue=32455 |page=7222 |date=13 September 1921}} 3. ^{{London Gazette |issue=33353 |page=757 |date=3 February 1928}} 4. ^{{London Gazette |issue=33740 |page=5022 |date=31 July 1931}} 5. ^{{London Gazette |issue=33611 |supp=y |page=347730 |date=3 June 1930}} 6. ^Trematon Castle 7. ^Women in Diplomacy, The FCO 1782-1999, Historians, Records and Historical Services 8. ^{{cite web | last = van de Pas | first = Leo | title = Descendants of Mary Tudor, Princess of England: XII-331 (XI-157-3): 3 Sir Claud Frederick William Russell | url = http://brigittegastelancestry.com/famous/m/maryenglanddesc1496-37.htm | website = brigittegastelancestry.com | publisher = Ingeborg Brigitte Gastel | access-date = 16 August 2018}}
14 : 1871 births|1959 deaths|Russell family|Alumni of Balliol College, Oxford|British Army personnel of World War I|Ambassadors of the United Kingdom to Ethiopia|Ambassadors of the United Kingdom to Switzerland|Ambassadors of the United Kingdom to Portugal|Knights Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George|Grand Crosses of the Order of Christ (Portugal)|Fellows of the Royal Geographical Society|Fellows of the Zoological Society of London|British Home Guard soldiers|Bedfordshire Yeomanry officers |
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