“Climate of Turkey”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The coastal areas of Turkey bordering the Aegean Sea and the Mediterranean Sea have a hot-summer Mediterranean climate, with hot, dry summers and mild to cool, wet winters. The coastal areas of Turkey bordering the Black Sea have a temperate Oceanic climate with warm, wet winters and cool to cold, wet summers. The Turkish Black Sea coast receives the greatest amount of precipitation and is the only region of Turkey that receives high precipitation throughout the year. The eastern part of that coast averages 2,500 millimeters annually which is the highest precipitation in the country.

bordering the Sea of Marmara (including Istanbul), which connects the Aegean Sea and the Black Sea, have a transitional climate between a temperate Mediterranean climate and a temperate Oceanic climate with warm to hot, moderately dry summers and cool to cold, wet winters. Snow does occur on the coastal areas of the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea almost every winter, but it usually lies no more than a few days. On the other hand it's rare in the coastal areas of the Aegean Sea and very rare in the coastal areas of the Mediterranean Sea.

Conditions can be much harsher in the more arid interior. Mountains close to the coast prevent maritime influences from extending inland, giving the central Anatolian plateau of the interior of Turkey a continental climate with sharply contrasting seasons.

Winters on the plateau are especially severe. Temperatures of −30 °C to −40 °C (−22 °F to −40 °F) do occur in eastern Anatolia, and snow may lie on the ground at least 120 days of the year and in the mountains almost the entire year. In the west, winter temperatures average below 1 °C (34 °F). Summers are hot and dry, with temperatures generally around or above 30 °C (86 °F) in the day. Annual precipitation averages about 400 millimetres (15 in), with actual amounts determined by elevation. The driest regions are the Konya Plain and the Malatya Plain, where annual rainfall frequently is less than 300 millimetres (12 in). May is generally the wettest month, whereas July and August are the driest.^[2]

Below are the climates from the seven census regions of Turkey, showing how varied they can be in different places around the country:

See also

References and notes

1. ^{{cite web|title=Climate of Turkey|url=http://www.mgm.gov.tr/files/en-US/climateofturkey.pdf|publisher=Meteoroloji Genel Müdürlüğü|accessdate=5 June 2013}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.meteor.gov.tr/2006/english/eng-climateofturkey.aspx |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080419130806/http://www.meteor.gov.tr/2006/english/eng-climateofturkey.aspx |archivedate=April 19, 2008 |title=Climate of Turkey |author=Turkish State Meteorological Service |authorlink=Turkish State Meteorological Service |publisher=Turkish State Meteorological Service |accessdate=2006-12-27 |year=2006 |dead-url=yes }}
3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.dmi.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/yillik-toplam-yagis-verileri.aspx?m=istanbul |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2017-07-06 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160312093300/http://dmi.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/yillik-toplam-yagis-verileri.aspx?m=istanbul |archivedate=2016-03-12 |df= }}
4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.dmi.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/il-ve-ilceler-istatistik.aspx?m=ANKARA |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2011-06-02 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110620051047/http://dmi.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/il-ve-ilceler-istatistik.aspx?m=ANKARA |archivedate=2011-06-20 |df= }}
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weatherall.php3?s=82171&refer=&units=us |title=Historical Weather for Ankara, Turkey |publisher=Weatherbase |date= |accessdate=2010-03-30}}
6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.dmi.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/il-ve-ilceler-istatistik.aspx?m=IZMIR |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2011-06-02 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110620031307/http://dmi.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/il-ve-ilceler-istatistik.aspx?m=IZMIR |archivedate=2011-06-20 |df= }}
7. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.dmi.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/il-ve-ilceler-istatistik.aspx?m=ANTALYA |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2011-09-15 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110620044527/http://dmi.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/il-ve-ilceler-istatistik.aspx?m=ANTALYA |archivedate=2011-06-20 |df= }}
8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.dmi.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/il-ve-ilceler-istatistik.aspx?m=ZONGULDAK |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2017-03-18 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110313023357/http://www.dmi.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/il-ve-ilceler-istatistik.aspx?m=ZONGULDAK |archivedate=2011-03-13 |df= }}
9. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.dmi.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/il-ve-ilceler-istatistik.aspx?m=SANLIURFA |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2011-06-02 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110620053157/http://dmi.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/il-ve-ilceler-istatistik.aspx?m=SANLIURFA |archivedate=2011-06-20 |df= }}
10. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.dmi.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/il-ve-ilceler-istatistik.aspx?m=ERZURUM |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2011-05-31 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110620032903/http://dmi.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/il-ve-ilceler-istatistik.aspx?m=ERZURUM |archivedate=2011-06-20 |df= }}