词条 | Cogswell Interchange |
释义 |
|country= |road_type= |name= Cogswell Interchange |image= Cogswell interchange 1.jpg |image_caption= General view |other_names= |location= Halifax, Nova Scotia |coord= |roads= Barrington Street, Cogswell Street, Upper Water Street, Hollis Street |type= Multi-level interchange |spans= 3 |lanes= |const= 1969 |contractor= |opened= 1970 |height= |width= |maint= Halifax Regional Municipality and Province of Nova Scotia |tolls= |map= |map_alt= }} The Cogswell Interchange is a multi-level highway interchange in downtown Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. It was built as the first stage of a greater scheme for an elevated freeway, called Harbour Drive, which would have run over the Waterfront down to the south end with a bridge over to Armdale, and possibility of a third bridge to Dartmouth similar to the Gardiner Freeway in Toronto. The plan was halted due to money and public outcry. As the interchange is unfunctional and increasingly expensive to maintain, the municipal government has decided to demolish the interchange and replace it with a more conventional street grid and landscape for construction to begin in the Fall of 2019 and completed by Winter 2022 with landscapes to be recognized several years after the demolition of the Cogswell Interchange ramps. OriginsThe city began purchasing land and demolishing buildings in the 1950s in anticipation of the highway construction.[1] In the 1960s, urban renewal planning was underway all over North America and Europe, and Halifax was no exception. In 1962, the city placed advertisements in newspapers seeking development proposals for the Central Redevelopment Area, an area of several city blocks worth of older wood-framed buildings.[2] This eventually became Scotia Square, a complex of office, residential and hotel towers atop parking garages and a shopping mall. The developers of Scotia Square, a project of a scale that up to this point was unattempted in the Maritimes, stressed the importance of improved transport infrastructure to the complex and commissioned a study recommending a conceptual precursor to "Harbour Drive", a proposed elevated freeway running parallel to the water, similar to the Gardiner Expressway in downtown Toronto.[2] A.D. Margison & Associates, successor to the firm which designed the Gardiner Expressway decades earlier, was hired by the city in 1967 to formally design the new highway and interchange. Opposition to the plan began to mount, led by the Nova Scotia Association of Architects with Allan F. Duffus at the helm. Many architects, engineers and planners spoke out against the destruction of the historic urban core and stated that it was not too late to build "simpler roads," which would require less demolition.[3] Duffus produced an alternate plan, which A.D. Margison & Associates said would "overload the streets with traffic by 1970" and was rejected by city council, which feared that any changes to the interchange plan would jeopardise tenancy agreements made with respect to Scotia Square.[4] After demolition of the remaining buildings on the site, construction of the interchange began in 1969.[2] It opened in 1970, the same year the municipal government recanted and cancelled construction of the remainder of Harbour Drive. It then cost $5.8 million.[5] FutureIn the decades since construction, the interchange has become a much-maligned feature of downtown Halifax. It is widely considered excessively large and pedestrian unfriendly.[5] It separates downtown from the North End and the waterfront from the uphill areas. Numerous plans have been put forth for its demolition. The most current, the Cogswell Interchange Lands Plan, is currently in the detailed design stage. The design is being led by the Redevelopment Program director John Spinelli, previously of the Union Station Redevelopment Project in Toronto, Ontario.[6] The plan aims to offer quality urban design and promote economic development through a number of goals:[7]
On September 20, 2016, the municipal government voted to hire a company to develop a plan for its removal and replacement by a more appropriate road network with the design work being carried out by WSP Group and several design consultants.[8] On February 26, 2019 Regional Council approved the 90% construction design plan and gave direction to proceed with tendering construction services for the project. Construction is expected to start Fall 2019 in a three phase demolition which will span to the Winter of 2022. Building and land construction will not be fully seen until the 2030s. More information can be found for the upcoming redevelopment project including presentation boards presented to council at https://www.halifax.ca/about-halifax/regional-community-planning/construction-projects/cogswell-district/cogswell-district-redevelopment ResponsibilityThe municipality and the province share responsibility for maintenance of the bridge spans. The municipality is responsible for the road surfaces and the retaining walls.[7] See also
References1. ^{{cite web|title=Cogswell Interchange History|url=http://www.halifax.ca/property/CogswellHistory.php|website=Corporate Real Estate|publisher=Halifax Regional Municipality|accessdate=9 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141016150105/http://www.halifax.ca/property/CogswellHistory.php#|archive-date=2014-10-16|dead-url=yes|df=}} 2. ^1 2 {{cite news|title=Road to Nowhere|url=http://www.cbc.ca/ns/features/cogswell-interchange/?section=been|work=Special Report|publisher=CBC News|accessdate=9 October 2014}} 3. ^{{cite news|last1=Conrad|first1=Dulcie|title=Change Plans Say Architects: Simpler roads can be built by deadline|work=Halifax Chronicle-Herald|date=2 November 1967}} 4. ^{{cite news|title=Council Rejects Bid to Alter Interchange|work=Halifax Chronicle-Herald|date=21 December 1967}} 5. ^1 {{cite news|last1=Patten|first1=Melanie|title=Demise of Halifax's 'Road to Nowhere' could lead to core renewal|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/demise-of-halifaxs-road-to-nowhere-could-lead-to-core-renewal/article11727975/|work=The Globe and Mail|location=Toronto|date=5 May 2013}} 6. ^{{cite web|title=Cogswell Interchange Lands Plan|url=https://www.halifax.ca/property/CogswellInterchange.php|publisher=Halifax Regional Municipality|accessdate=31 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150812165723/http://www.halifax.ca/property/CogswellInterchange.php#|archive-date=2015-08-12|dead-url=yes|df=}} 7. ^1 {{cite web|title=Cogswell Transformed|url=https://www.halifax.ca/council/agendasc/documents/140513ca1141att2.pdf|publisher=Halifax Regional Municipality|date=March 2014}}{{Dead link|date=November 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 8. ^{{cite news|last1=Previl|first1=Sean|title=Cogswell Interchange design work gets green light|url=http://thechronicleherald.ca/metro/1398492-cogswell-interchange-design-work-gets-green-light|accessdate=21 September 2016|work=Halifax Herald|agency=Halifax Herald|issue=September 20, 2016|publisher=Herald Limited}} External links{{Commons category}}
3 : Cancelled highway projects in Canada|Road interchanges in Canada|Roads in Halifax, Nova Scotia |
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