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词条 Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)
释义

  1. Founding

  2. Party ideology

  3. Party activity

  4. International positions

  5. Domestic positions

     Northern Ireland  Scotland 

  6. Prominent members

  7. See also

  8. References

  9. External links

{{Use British English|date=July 2013}}{{Distinguish|Communist Party of Great Britain|Communist Party of Britain (Marxist–Leninist)|Revolutionary Communist Party of Britain (Marxist–Leninist)}}{{Infobox political party
|country = United Kingdom
|name = Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)
|logo = Emblem of the Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist).svg
|colorcode = {{Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist-Leninist)/meta/color}}
|leader1_title = Chair
|leader1_name = Ella Rule
|leader2_title = Vice Chair
|leader2_name = Joti Brar
|leader3_title = Vice Chair
|leader3_name = Zane Carpenter
|foundation = {{start date and age|df=yes|2004|07|03}}
London, England
|split = Socialist Labour Party
|ideology = Communism
Marxism-Leninism
Anti-revisionism
Anti-imperialism
|position = Far-left
|international = International Communist Seminar
|colours = Red, Yellow, White
|headquarters = Birmingham, West Midlands, England
|newspaper = Proletarian
Lalkar
|website = {{official URL}}
|flag = Flag of the Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist).svg
}}

The Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist) is a Marxist-Leninist, anti-imperialist political party in the United Kingdom, active in England, Scotland, and Wales. The CPGB-ML was created after a split from the Socialist Labour Party (SLP) in 2004. The CPGB-ML publishes the bimonthly newspaper Proletarian, and the Marxist-Leninist journal Lalkar (originally associated with the Indian Workers' Association) is also closely allied with the party. The party chair is Ella Rule.

Founding

The party was founded on 3 July 2004 in London.[1] The party effectively split from the Socialist Labour Party (SLP) because of the refusal by the SLP leader Arthur Scargill to accept support for North Korea and other states.[2] As a result, Scargill chose to expel a number of members of the party's central committee and its entire Yorkshire region.[1] Those expelled, along with others who resigned, formed the CPGB-ML.[1] The party also has a small number of members from the early days of the British communist movement and the original Communist Party of Great Britain which was connected to the Third International.[3][4]

Party ideology

The CPGB-ML adheres to Marxism-Leninism, the same political theory adopted by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. The CPGB-ML defends Communist leaders such as Vladimir Lenin, Joseph Stalin, and Mao Zedong.[5][6]

The CPGB-ML did not condemn the 2011 England riots, but instead characterised them as a rudimentary form of anti-capitalist resistance that lacked adequate leadership and direction.[7] The CPGB-ML is opposed to immigration controls, which it holds are measures to misdirect workers and blame each other for the crisis rather than the bourgeoisie.[8]

The CPGB-ML opposes Trotskyism, social democracy and what they term revisionist (including Khruschevite) parties. In 1995 former CPGB-ML chairman Harpal Brar published a book called Social Democracy: The Enemy Within.[9]

At its 8th congress in September 2018, the party adopted a motion opposing "discrimination on grounds of race, sex or sexual proclivity" but condemning "identity politics, including LGBT ideology" as "reactionary and anti-working class", and declaring members promoting identity politics liable to expulsion.[10]

Party activity

{{Communist Parties}}{{Marxism–Leninism sidebar}}

The CPGB-ML is involved in a number of British political movements such as Palestinian solidarity,[11] anti-austerity,[12] anti-war,[13] anti-Maidan,[14] and opposed to the use of drone strikes by the US and NATO against civilians.

The CPGB-ML holds three annual events. The first is the CPGB-ML May Day contingent which marches to Trafalgar Square every year on the 1st of May.[15] The second is the "international BBQ" when the CPGB-ML invites representatives from countries the CPGB-ML supports, particularly Korea and Cuba as the event is near the dates of the Korean War and the storming of the Moncada Barracks, and people from parties that the CPGB-ML is friendly with.[16] The third annual event held by the CPGB-ML is an October Revolution celebration, which celebrates the first successful Marxist-Leninist revolution and the creation of the USSR.[17]

The party is known for being the only party to carry a banner of Joseph Stalin, including a quote from Stalin, every year on the 1st of May International Workers' Day march in London.[18] The quote is from a book Stalin wrote called The Foundations of Leninism and it says: "Either place yourself at the mercy of capital, eke out a wretched existence as of old and sink lower and lower, or adopt a new weapon – this is the alternative imperialism puts before the vast masses of the proletariat. Imperialism brings the working class to revolution."[18][19]

The first electoral contest for the CPGB-ML was the 2018 Birmingham city council election. The party fielded three candidates under the "Birmingham Worker" label. Their best result was in the Balsall Heath West ward where they gained 6.1% of the votes and came in third, ahead of the Green Party and the Tories. In the Brandwood & King's Heath and Stirchley wards the Birmingham Worker candidates gained respectively 0.89% and 1.62%, beating the local TUSC candidate in the former[20][21].

International positions

The CPGB-ML supports governments around the world which it perceives to be socialist or anti-imperialist, such as those of Venezuela, Russia, Cuba, Zimbabwe, Syria, Iran, and the People's Republic of China.[22] [23][24][25][26][27][28] Delegations from the Chinese, Cuban, Venezuelan, DPRK, and Laotian embassies have attended meetings of the CPGB-ML[29][30][31][32][33] and members of the CPGB-ML and Red Youth have made visits to Libya, Cuba, Venezuela, Ecuador, Russia, the DPRK, China, and more.[34][35][36][37][38][39][28] The party also supports the struggle of the Palestinian people against Zionism in Israel, which it characterises as an apartheid state.[40] It called for a defeat of British troops in Iraq and Afghanistan and a movement of direct action and non-cooperation among British working people in order to exert political influence.[41] It was one of many anti-war parties to oppose NATO actions in Libya and Syria and support the governments of Muammar Gaddafi and Bashar al-Assad. In 2011, the CPGB-ML party chairman Harpal Brar visited Libya during the war to express solidarity with the Libyan people in their fight against NATO.[34] However, the Stop the War Coalition expelled the CPGB-ML for its defence of the Libyan and Syrian governments.[42]

The CPGB-ML made clear its support of the government of Democratic People's Republic of Korea and what it called its anti-imperialist stance in April 2013, as well as its opposition to Western efforts to discourage the state from acquiring nuclear weapons.[43][44]

The party supported Brexit in the 2016 referendum.[45]

Domestic positions

Northern Ireland

{{Details|Irish republicanism}}

The CPGB-ML calls for the withdrawal of British troops from the island of Ireland and for a unified 32-county state to be formed. It supports Sinn Féin's leadership of the Good Friday Agreement, which it believes falls within this framework.{{fact|date=January 2018}}

Scotland

{{Details|Scottish independence}}

The party accepted a position at its 2012 congress that there are no separate English and Scottish nations, but rather, when those nations were at the point of developing as modern capitalist economies, their ruling classes joined together to form a British nation.[46] Though the CPGB-ML believes in local democracy, it sees the Scottish independence movement as diversionary from building a working class movement across the historic nation of Great Britain and therefore opposes it. It claims that proposals set forward for Scottish independence will not break the Union, the British state, or the British army in any significant manner.[47] In its opposition to Scottish independence, it stands at odds with the Scottish Socialist Party, the Socialist Workers Party and the Socialist Party (England and Wales).{{fact|date=January 2018}}

Prominent members

The current Honorary President is Isabel Crook, wife of David Crook, who celebrated her 100th birthday in 2015. Both were communists who were in Spain during the Spanish Civil War and later went to work for Mao Zedong and the Chinese communists.[48][49] Veteran British communist Jack Shapiro, a veteran of the anti-revisionist movement and lifelong communist, was a member of the CPGB-ML until his death.[50]

For fourteen years, from the party's founding in 2004 until 2018, the party chairman was the retired university law lecturer, writer and businessman Harpal Brar. The party's vice-chairman and international secretary was Ella Rule, while the party's general secretary was Zane Carpenter.[51] At the 8th party congress in Birmingham in 2018 Harpal Brar stepped down as party chair and was replaced by Ella Rule. Zane Carpenter and Joti Brar became the party's vice chairs.[52]

See also

  • Stalin Society
  • List of political parties in the United Kingdom opposed to austerity

References

1. ^1 2 {{cite magazine|url=http://archive.cpgb-ml.org/index.php?secName=proletarian&subName=display&art=10|title=Formation of the CPGB-ML|magazine=Proletarian|issue=1|date=August 2004}}
2. ^{{cite web|title=I Went to a Stalinist Free-Speech Protest to Defend Russia Today from Natwest|url=https://www.vice.com/en_uk/article/mvnk4v/cpgbml-versus-natwest-russia-today|author=Gavin Haynes|date=19 October 2016|work=Vice|access-date=14 February 2017}}
3. ^{{cite magazine|url=http://archive.cpgb-ml.org/index.php?secName=proletarian&subName=display&art=485|title=Remembering departed comrades|publisher=Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist-Leninist)|magazine=Proletarian|issue=28|date=February 2009|access-date=2018-11-11}}
4. ^{{cite magazine|url=http://archive.cpgb-ml.org/index.php?secName=proletarian&subName=display&art=598|title=Jack Shapiro lives forever in our hearts!|publisher=Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist-Leninist)|magazine=Proletarian|issue=34|date=February 2010|access-date=2018-11-11}}
5. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.cpgb-ml.org/2018/11/07/news/october-revolution-101-the-future-belongs-to-communism/|title=October Revolution 101: the future belongs to communism|work=CPGB-ML|access-date=2018-11-11|language=en}}
6. ^{{Citation|last=Proletarian TV|title=Mao to Mandela - History for Sale|date=2013-12-22|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iVBhfZ7odms|access-date=2018-11-11}}
7. ^{{cite magazine|url=http://archive.cpgb-ml.org/?secName=proletarian&subName=display&art=957|title=Austerity, capitalism and the racist police state|magazine=Proletarian|issue=55|date=August 2013}}
8. ^{{cite news|title=CPGB-ML congress calls for an end to immigration control|url=http://archive.cpgb-ml.org/index.php?secName=proletarian&subName=display&art=418|accessdate=3 November 2015|work=Proletarian|issue=25|publisher=Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)|date=August 2008}}
9. ^{{cite journal|journal=Compass|publisher=The Communist League (Britain)|date=May 1996|issue=124|title=Book Review: 'Social Democracy, The Enemy Within'|url=http://www.oneparty.co.uk/compass/compass/com12401.html}}
10. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.cpgb-ml.org/2018/12/07/news/identity-politics-are-anti-marxian-and-a-harmful-diversion-from-the-class-struggle/|title=Identity politics are anti-Marxian and a harmful diversion from the class struggle|last=|first=|date=2018-12-07|website=www.cpgb-ml.org|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018-12-11}}
11. ^[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uwzfMj-VBlI "GAZA 2014: Zionist - Imperialist 'Axis of Oppression' "] Proletarian TV, 27 Jul 2014
12. ^[https://www.flickr.com/photos/25164331@N03/sets/72157648353946237 "Birmingham TUC Hard up festival"] Communist Party of Great Britain(Marxist-Leninist), flickr, September 28, 2014
13. ^"Defeat the murderous imperialist predatory war against the Syrian people!" statement by the CPGB-ML, 29 August 2013
14. ^{{cite web|url=http://blog.cpgb-ml.org/%E2%80%98lest-we-forget%E2%80%99-%E2%80%93-the-70th-anniversary-of-the-victory-over-hitlerite-fascism/ |title=CPGB-ML » ‘Lest we forget’ – the 70th anniversary of the victory over Hitlerite fascism |publisher=Blog.cpgb-ml.org |date= |accessdate=2015-09-08}}
15. ^{{Citation|last=RT UK|title=May Day marked in capitals around the world|date=2018-05-01|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=leuqhE7FbKw|access-date=2018-11-11}}
16. ^{{Citation|last=Proletarian TV|title=Cuba, Korea, Venezuela: Building Peace; Fighting Imperialism|date=2015-08-02|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CJ7OBhDwK7s|access-date=2018-11-11}}
17. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.cpgb-ml.org/2017/10/01/news/history/october-1917-defining-event-of-our-epoch/|title=October 1917: the defining event of our epoch|work=CPGB-ML|access-date=2018-11-11|language=en}}
18. ^1 "I’ve just seen Nazi banners in Trafalgar Square. Well, almost" The Spectator, James Bloodworth 2 May 2014
19. ^{{cite book|last1=Stalin|first1=Joseph|authorlink=Joseph Stalin|title=Foundations of Leninism|year=1953|publisher=Foreign Languages Publishing House|location=Moscow, USSR |page=1|url=https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1924/foundations-leninism/ch01.htm|accessdate=3 November 2015|chapter=1}}
20. ^{{Cite news|url=https://birminghamworker.org/2018/05/04/birmingham-worker-candidates-thank-local-voters/|title=Birmingham Worker candidates thank local voters|date=2018-05-04|work=Birmingham Worker|access-date=2018-05-04|language=en-US}}
21. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.birmingham.gov.uk/info/20097/elections_and_voting/1685/local_government_election_results_may_2018/6|title=Local government election results May 2018|last=Shergill|first=Becky|website=www.birmingham.gov.uk|language=en|access-date=2018-05-04}}
22. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.cpgb-ml.org/2018/08/15/news/our-partys-internationalist-tasks-support-for-revolutionary-venezuela/|title=Our party’s internationalist tasks: support for revolutionary Venezuela|work=CPGB-ML|access-date=2018-11-11|language=en}}
23. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.cpgb-ml.org/2018/04/11/news/hands-off-russia/|title=The Skripal case is blatant war propaganda. Hands off Russia!|work=CPGB-ML|access-date=2018-11-11|language=en}}
24. ^{{Cite web|url=http://archive.cpgb-ml.org/index.php?secName=proletarian&subName=display&art=1243|title=Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist-Leninist)|website=archive.cpgb-ml.org|access-date=2018-11-11}}
25. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.cpgb-ml.org/2017/12/01/news/world/tribute-to-comrade-robert-mugabe/|title=Tribute to Comrade Robert Mugabe|work=CPGB-ML|access-date=2018-11-11|language=en}}
26. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.cpgb-ml.org/2018/04/24/leaflets/hands-off-syria-ghouta-victory/|title=No to Nato warmongering; stop WW3! Hands off Syria!|work=CPGB-ML|access-date=2018-11-11|language=en}}
27. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.cpgb-ml.org/2018/06/20/tv/iranian-foreign-minister-explains-why-iran-is-developing-ballistic-missiles-mohammed-javad-zarif/|title=Iranian foreign minister explains why Iran is developing ballistic missiles|work=CPGB-ML|access-date=2018-11-11|language=en}}
28. ^1 {{Cite news|url=https://www.cpgb-ml.org/2018/10/19/news/china-celebrates-marxs-200th-birthday/|title=China celebrates Marx’s 200th birthday|work=CPGB-ML|access-date=2018-11-11|language=en}}
29. ^{{cite magazine|title= Spirited rally launches Hands off China campaign|url=http://archive.cpgb-ml.org/?art=419&secName=proletarian&subName=display|magazine=Proletarian|issue=25|date=August 2008}}
30. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.cpgb-ml.org/2018/10/05/tv/cuba-and-the-october-revolution/|title=Cuba and the October Revolution|work=CPGB-ML|access-date=2018-11-11|language=en}}
31. ^{{Citation|last=Proletarian TV|title=Venezuela - The Struggle continues!|date=2016-12-14|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uIkBMFIJ_ww|access-date=2018-11-11}}
32. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.cpgb-ml.org/2018/08/27/tv/october-100-dpr-korea-pays-tribute/|title=October 100: DPR Korea pays tribute|work=CPGB-ML|access-date=2018-11-11|language=en}}
33. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.cpgb-ml.org/2018/10/05/tv/laos-independence-and-the-october-revolution/|title=Laos independence and the October Revolution|work=CPGB-ML|access-date=2018-11-11|language=en}}
34. ^1 {{Citation|last=Proletarian TV|title=Libya Report USA|date=2011-07-17|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=23fvw6xyQzw|access-date=2018-11-11}}
35. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.cpgb-ml.org/2015/12/01/news/world/reflections-on-a-first-time-visit-to-cuba/|title=Reflections on a first-time visit to Cuba|work=CPGB-ML|access-date=2018-11-11|language=en}}
36. ^{{Cite web|url=http://archive.cpgb-ml.org/index.php?secName=proletarian&subName=display&art=144|title=Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist-Leninist)|website=archive.cpgb-ml.org|access-date=2018-11-11}}
37. ^[https://redyouthuk.wordpress.com/2013/12/19/red-youth-speak-at-october-revolution-celebration/ "Red Youth speak at October Revolution Celebration] Red Youth members attend the festival of Youth and Students in Quito, Ecuador (December 2013)
38. ^{{Cite web|url=http://redyouth.org/2017/10/19/red-youth-represent-british-marxist-leninists-at-the-19th-world-festival-of-youth-and-students/|title=Red Youth represent British Marxist-Leninists at the 19th World Festival of Youth and Students – Red Youth|website=redyouth.org|language=en-GB|access-date=2018-11-11}}
39. ^{{Cite web|url=http://archive.cpgb-ml.org/index.php?secName=proletarian&subName=display&art=243|title=Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist-Leninist)|website=archive.cpgb-ml.org|access-date=2018-11-11}}
40. ^"Congress motions 2: our international solidarity tasks The motions below were passed at the CPGB-ML’s congress on 5 June 2010" Proletarian issue 37 (August 2010)
41. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.cpgb-ml.org/2018/11/06/news/anti-war-work-in-britain/|title=Anti-war work in Britain|work=CPGB-ML|access-date=2018-11-11|language=en}}
42. ^{{cite newspaper|title=Stopping the war machine: anti-war work in Britain|url=http://www.lalkar.org/article/598/stopping-the-war-machine-anti-war-work-in-britain|newspaper=Lalkar|issue=July/August 2012}}
43. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-22162818|title=Obama to meet South Korea's Park Geun-hye in May|date=16 April 2013|accessdate=27 July 2013|work=BBC News}}
44. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/apr/15/north-korea-ambassador-rare-speech|title=North Korea's UK ambassador defends Pyongyang's stance in rare speech|date=15 April 2013|accessdate=27 July 2013|location=London|work=The Guardian|first=Tania|last=Branigan}}
45. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.cpgb-ml.org/2016/04/01/news/world/europe/why-british-workers-need-a-brexit/|title=Why British workers need a Brexit|work=CPGB-ML|access-date=2018-07-27|language=en}}
46. ^"Scotland: a part of the British nation" Proletarian issue 51 (December 2012)
47. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.lalkar.org/article/624/the-nationalquestion-in-scotland |title=The National Question in Scotland: Contributed by the Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist-Leninist) as a discussion article|publisher=Lalkar|date=September 2012 |accessdate=2012-10-13}}
48. ^"Western witness stays true to the Party line" article by Tan Zongyang in China Daily 2011-06-22
49. ^{{cite interview |last=Crook |first=Isabel |subject-link= |interviewer=Tan Zongyang |title=My memories of 1949 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ixb1SBYIxiQ |publisher=China Daily |location= |date=21 June 2011 |work= |access-date=12 September 2017|via=YouTube}}
50. ^Biography of Jack & Marie Shapiro on grahamstevenson.me.uk website of Graham Stevenson, accessed 17 April 2013
51. ^{{cite magazine|title=October Revolution: beacon lighting the way forward for all humanity|url=http://archive.cpgb-ml.org/?secName=proletarian&subName=display&art=571|magazine=Proletarian|issue=33|date=December 2009}}
52. ^{{cite web |title=Comrade Harpal Brar steps down as party chairman after 14 years |url=https://www.cpgb-ml.org/2018/10/24/news/comrade-harpal-brar-steps-down-as-party-chairman-after-14-years/ |accessdate=5 December 2018 |website=CPGB-ML |date=24 October 2018}}

External links

  • {{Official website}}
{{UK far left}}{{European communist parties}}{{Communism}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Communist Party Of Great Britain (Marxist-Leninist)}}

7 : Anti-austerity political parties in the United Kingdom|Anti-revisionist organizations|Communist parties in the United Kingdom|Communist organizations|Political parties established in 2004|Leninist organizations|Stalinism
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