“Polk County, Iowa”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Polk County is a county in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2010 census, the population was 430,640,^[1] making it Iowa's most populous county, hosting over 14% of the state's residents. The county seat is Des Moines,^[2] which is also the capital city of Iowa.

Polk County is included the Des Moines–West Des Moines, IA Metropolitan Statistical Area.^[3]

History

On January 13, 1846, the legislative body of the Indiana Territory authorized creation of twelve counties in the Iowa Territory,^[4] with general descriptions of their boundaries. On January 17 they further enacted a resolution setting the effective date of the county government for Jasper and Polk Counties as March 1, 1846.^[5] Polk County's name referred to United States President James K. Polk, who served from 1845 to 1849.

The first courthouse, a two-story structure, was built in Des Moines in 1846. Rapid settlement and commercial growth in the county soon rendered this building insufficient, so construction of a larger building was initiated in 1858. Due to construction delays and the onset of the Civil War, the structure was not completed until 1866. The present courthouse was erected in 1906, and in 1962 it was extensively renovated and enlarged.^[6]

Geography

According to the US Census Bureau, the county has a total area of {{convert|592|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|574|sqmi}} is land and {{convert|18|sqmi}} (3.0%) is water.^[7] The county is bisected by the Des Moines River.

Major highways

Adjacent counties

Communities

Cities

Census-designated place

Unincorporated communities

Townships

Demographics

2010 census

The 2010 census recorded a population of 430,640 in the county, with a population density of {{Pop density|430640|569.35|sqmi|km2}}. There were 182,262 housing units, of which 170,197 were occupied.^[13]

2000 census

As of the census^[14] of 2000, there were 374,601 people, 149,112 households, and 96,624 families residing in the county. The population density was 658 people per square mile (254/km²). There were 156,447 housing units at an average density of 275 per square mile (106/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 88.34% White, 4.84% Black or African American, 0.27% Native American, 2.63% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 2.22% from other races, and 1.66% from two or more races. 4.40% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 25.9% were of German, 10.6% Irish, 9.0% English and 8.4% American ancestry according to Census 2000.

There were 149,112 households out of which 32.20% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.00% were married couples living together, 10.30% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.20% were non-families. 28.10% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.60% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.45 and the average family size was 3.04.

Age spread: 25.70% under the age of 18, 9.40% from 18 to 24, 32.20% from 25 to 44, 21.50% from 45 to 64, and 11.10% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.20 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.70 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $46,116, and the median income for a family was $56,560. Males had a median income of $37,182 versus $28,000 for females. The per capita income for the county was $23,654. About 5.30% of families and 7.90% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.70% of those under age 18 and 6.40% of those age 65 or over.

Government and infrastructure

The Iowa Department of Corrections Iowa Correctional Institution for Women is in Mitchellville and in Polk County.^[15]

In the first third of the 20th century, Polk County was primarily Republican, backing its candidates in all presidential elections from 1896 to 1932 except for 1912 & 1916. From 1936 to 1980, the county was a swing county, only failing to back the national winner during that period in 1960 & 1968. Starting with the 1984 election, the county has become consistently Democratic like many midsize urban counties, backing the party's candidate in every presidential election from that point forward with the one exception being George Bush in the 2004 election.

Population ranking

The population ranking of the following table is based on the 2010 census of Polk County.^[17]

See also

References

1. ^¹{{cite web|title=State & County QuickFacts|url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/19/19153.html|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=July 20, 2014}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx|accessdate=June 7, 2011|title=Find a County|publisher=National Association of Counties}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/bulletins/fy2006/b06-01.pdf|title=Update of Statistical Area Definitions and Guidance on Their Uses|accessdate=July 21, 2006|author=United States Office of Management and Budget|pages=5, 36.|format=PDF|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060514003222/http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/bulletins/fy2006/b06-01.pdf|archivedate=May 14, 2006}}
4. ^The counties were Boone, Clarke, Dallas, Decatur, Jasper, Lucas, Madison, Marshall, Polk, Story, Warren, and Wayne.
5. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dHkUAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA621#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=The History of Polk County, Iowa: Containing a History of the County, Its Cities, Towns, &c|publisher=Union Historical Co.|year=1880|pages=419, 425}}
6. ^Polk County{{dead link|date=March 2018|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/gazette.html|publisher=US Census Bureau|accessdate=April 23, 2011|date=February 12, 2011|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}
8. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2016.html|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|accessdate=June 9, 2017}}
9. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|title=U.S. Decennial Census|publisher=US Census Bureau|accessdate=July 20, 2014}}
10. ^{{cite web|url=http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu|title=Historical Census Browser|publisher=University of Virginia Library|accessdate=July 20, 2014}}
11. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/ia190090.txt|title=Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990|publisher=US Census Bureau|accessdate=July 20, 2014}}
12. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf|title=Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000|publisher=US Census Bureau|accessdate=July 20, 2014}}
13. ^{{cite web|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_PL_GCTPL2.ST05&prodType=table|title=Population & Housing Occupancy Status 2010|publisher=US Census Bureau – American FactFinder|accessdate=June 1, 2011}}
14. ^{{cite web|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov|publisher=US Census Bureau|accessdate=January 31, 2008|title=American FactFinder}}
15. ^Iowa Correctional Institution for Women {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722110655/http://www.doc.state.ia.us/institutions_detail.asp?id=16 |date=July 22, 2011 }}. Iowa Department of Corrections. Retrieved November 29, 2010.
16. ^{{Cite web|url=http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS|title=Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections|last=Leip|first=David|website=uselectionatlas.org|access-date=April 27, 2018}}
17. ^[https://www.census.gov/2010census/ 2010 Census]