“Construction contract”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

A construction contract is a mutual or legally binding agreement between two parties based on policies and conditions recorded in document form. The two parties involved are one or more owners, and one or more contractors. The owner has full authority to decide what type of contract should be used for a specific development to be constructed and to set forth the legally-binding terms and conditions in a contractual agreement.^[1]

Types

when the lowest rate and comparative position among the contractors are already specified prior to the opening of the tender, then the percentage rate contract is used. In this type of contract there is no possibility of unbalanced tender.

Lump sum contract

In a lump sum contract an owner agrees to pay a contractor a specified lump sum after the completion of work without a cost breakdown.^[4]

Lump sum and scheduled contract

In lump sum contract the complete work as per plan and specifications is carried out by contractor for certain fixed amount as per agreement. The owner provides required information and contractor charges certain amount. This contract is suitable when the number of items are limited or when it is possible to work out exact quantities of work to be executed. The detailed specifications of all items of work, plans and detail drawings, security deposit, penalty, progress and other condition of contract are included in agreement.Though it is lump sum and scheduled contract, contractor will be paid at regular interval of 2-3 months as per progress of work on the basis of certificate issued by engineer in charge. A scheduled of rate is included in agreement for making payment of extra items.

Cost plus fixed fee contract

In cost plus fixed fee, the owner pays the contractor an agreed amount over and above the documented cost of work.^[6]

Cost plus percentage of cost contract

In cost plus percentage, the owner pays greater than 100 percent of the documented cost, usually requiring detailed expense accounting.^[7]

In this type of contract, contractor is paid the actual cost of work plus certain percentage as profit. Various contract documents, drawing, specifications are not necessary at the time of signing the agreement.Contractor has to keep all records for cost of material and labour and contractor will be paid accordingly to engineer incharge.This type of contract is suitable for emergency work like difficulties in foundation conditions, construction of expensive structure etc.

Special contracts

See also

References

1. ^{{cite web | url=http://civilengineerlink.com/common-types-construction-contracts/ | title=Main types of contracts | accessdate=23 October 2014}}
2. ^{{cite web | url=http://construction.about.com/od/Construction-Management/a/Types-Of-Construction-Contracts.htm | title=Common types of construction contracts | accessdate=23 October 2014}}
3. ^{{cite book | title=A text book of Production Planning and Management | author=Dr. B.C Punmia | year=2014}}
4. ^{{cite web | url=http://m.businessdictionary.com/definition/lump-sum-contract.html | title=Business dictionary | accessdate=17 October 2014}}
5. ^{{cite web | url=http://construction.about.com/od/Procurement-Process/a/Lump-Sum-What-Is-A-Lump-Sum.htm | title=Lump sum contract | accessdate=17 October 2014}}
6. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.indiastudychannel.com/projects/2054-Various-types-of-Civil-Engineering-Contracts.aspx | title=India study channel | work=by Owais Khursheed | accessdate=17 October 2014}}
7. ^{{cite web | url=http://m.businessdictionary.com/definition/cost-plus-percentage-contract.html. | title=Cost plus percentage of cost contract | work=by Owais Khursheed | accessdate=20 October 2014}}
8. ^{{cite book | title=Production Planning and Management | author=Dr. B.C. Punmia | date=17 October 2014}}