| 词条 | Cork Run Tunnel |
| 释义 |
|name = Cork Run Tunnel |image =Cork Run Tunnel exterior HAER PA1.jpg |caption =The Ingram portal of the Cork Run Tunnel in 1995 |line = |location = Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania |coordinates = {{Coord|40.44889|-80.06232}} |system = |status = In Use - (Port Authority of Allegheny County West Busway) |start = |end = |startwork = 1851 |opened = 1865 |reopened = 1995 |close = |owner = |operator = |character = |construction= brick and cut stone |length = {{convert|2100|ft|m}} |linelength = |tracklength = |notrack = 1 (1865–1973) 2 (1873–) |gauge = {{RailGauge|ussg}} (1865–1980) |el = |speed = |hielevation = |lowelevation= |height = |grade = }} The Cork Run Tunnel, also known as the Berry Street Tunnel,[1] is one of nine tunnels built in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania on the original Pittsburgh and Steubenville Railroad. The tunnel was built beginning in 1851 as a single-track bore {{convert|2100|ft|m}} long, approached by deep open cuts, to connect central Pittsburgh with points to the west, on the south side of the Ohio River. A shaft was sunk from the overlying ridge to a point near the midpoint of the tunnel to speed construction and to provide ventilation. Work was suspended in 1856 due to financial troubles, and resumed in 1862. The tunnel was completed in 1865.[1] Immediately upon completion it was apparent that the tunnel needed two lines. The tunnel was widened starting in 1870 for two tracks, and was completed in 1873. Nevertheless, the tunnel continued to represent a bottleneck, since large cars could not pass each other without causing derailments, which happened frequently. By 1889 work began on the Ohio Connecting Railway to relieve the tunnel. At the same time, the Cork's Run valley was filled in to build the Sheraden Yards, feeding the Cork Run Tunnel.[1] By 1906 the tunnel lining had deteriorated, becoming unstable and requiring almost continuous repair. Since the tunnel was so narrow, workers had to take shelter as trains passed. At least one fatal work accident happened, and several cave-ins closed the tunnel. Around 1900 a {{convert|300|ft|m|adj=on}} section of the tunnel was cut open to the sky at the Pittsburgh end. By 1947 the Cork Run Tunnel was the only tunnel in the railroad's Panhandle Division that had not been fully "daylighted," cut open to the sky along its entire length.[1] The tunnel was refurbished and re-opened in 1995 to serve as the link between Pittsburgh's Sheraden neighborhood and the community of Ingram on the Port Authority of Allegheny County's West Busway. References1. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|last=Davis|first=Christine|title=Cork Run Tunnel|url=http://lcweb2.loc.gov/master/pnp/habshaer/pa/pa3300/pa3352/data/pa3352data.pdf|publisher=Historic American Engineering Record|accessdate=27 January 2014|author2=Kurtik, Frank}} External links{{Commons category|Cork Run Tunnel}}
4 : Railroad tunnels in Pennsylvania|Tunnels completed in 1865|Historic American Engineering Record in Pennsylvania|1865 establishments in Pennsylvania |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。