| 词条 | Pope John XIV |
| 释义 |
|honorific-prefix=Pope |name=John XIV |image=Pope John XIV Illustration.jpg |image_size=220px |birth_name=Pietro Canepanova |term_start=December 983 |term_end=20 August 984 |predecessor=Benedict VII |successor=John XV |birth_date= |birth_place=Pavia, Italy |death_date={{death date|984|8|20|df=y}} |death_place=Rome, Papal States, Holy Roman Empire |other=John }} Pope John XIV ({{lang-la|Ioannes XIV}}; died 20 August 984) was Pope from December 983 to his death in 984. He was the successor to Pope Benedict VII. John XIV was born at Pavia, and before his elevation to the papal chair was imperial Archchancellor for Italy of Emperor Otto II.[1] His earliest document in that capacity dates from 28 December 980, and the latest from 27 August 983.[2] Queen Adelheid of Burgundy, the wife of Otto II, and Queen Theano his wife, on behalf of Otto III, wished to make Majolus of Cluny pope in 983, but he refused, and Pietro Canepanova, Bishop of Pavia, was chosen instead.[3] His original name was Pietro Canepanova,[4] but he took the name John XIV to avoid being linked to St. Peter himself. Otto II died shortly after his election, his heir Otto III, being only 3 years old and unable to protect John's position as Pope. Antipope Boniface VII (974, 984–985), on the strength of the popular feeling against the new Pope, returned from Constantinople and placed John XIV in prison in the Castel Sant'Angelo, where he died either from starvation or poison.[5] There has been considerable confusion of the number of Popes John. There was only the one John XIV. However, by the 13th century, clerical authorities in the Vatican came to wrongly believe that there were two John XIVs and began to double-count John XIV accordingly. This led to a pope calling himself John XXI, instead of John XX, in 1276. References1. ^{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=John XIV (pope)|display=John XIV.|volume=15|page=435}} 2. ^Gerhard Schwart (1907), [https://archive.org/details/MN42020ucmf_1 Die Besetzung der Bistümer Reichsitaliens unter den sächsischen und salischen Kaisern: mit den Listen der Bischöfe, 951-1122 (Leipzig: B.G. Teubner) (in German), p. 142. 3. ^J. N. D. Kelly, The Oxford Dictionary of Popes (Oxford 1986), "John XIV", p. 132. 4. ^George L. Williams, Papal Genealogy: The Families And Descendants Of The Popes, (McFarland & Company, 1998), 232. 5. ^Eleanor Shipley Duckett, Death and Life in the Tenth Century, (University of Michigan Press, 1967), 110. Sources
9 : Popes|Italian popes|10th-century archbishops|People from Pavia|Deaths by starvation|984 deaths|10th-century Italian people|Year of birth unknown|10th-century popes |
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