| 词条 | Pope Liberius |
| 释义 |
|type=Pope |honorific-prefix=Pope| name=Liberius |image=Liberio papa1.gif |image_size=220px |birth_name=Liberius| |term_start=17 May 352{{efn|The Liberian Catalogue lists the date of Liberius's consecration as 22 May. Catholic Encyclopedia gives 17 May, noting that the 22nd was not a Sunday. The date could also be 21 June, a Sunday, which differs from 22 May by only one letter in the Roman calendar (XI Kal. Jun/Jul.)}} |term_end=24 September 366 |predecessor=Julius I |successor=Damasus I |birth_date= |birth_place= |death_date={{death date|366|9|24|df=y}} |death_place=Rome |venerated=Catholic Church{{-}}Eastern Orthodox Church |feast_day=27 August }}{{Infobox popestyles |papal name=Pope Liberius |dipstyle=His Holiness |offstyle=Your Holiness |relstyle=Holy Father |deathstyle=Saint (Eastern Orthodox) }} Pope Liberius (310 – 24 September 366) was Pope of the Catholic Church from 17 May 352 until his death on 24 September 366.[1] According to the Catalogus Liberianus, he was consecrated on 22 May as the successor to Pope Julius I. He is not mentioned as a saint in the Roman Martyrology, making him the earliest pontiff not to be venerated as a saint in the Roman Rite. Liberius is mentioned in the Greek Menology, the Eastern equivalent to the martyrologies of the Western Church and a measure of sainthood prior to the institution of the formal Western processes of canonization. LifeLiberius is recognized as a saint within the Eastern Orthodox Church.[2] His first recorded act was, after a synod had been held at Rome, to write to Emperor Constantius II, then in quarters at Arles (353–354), asking that a council might be called at Aquileia with reference to the affairs of Athanasius of Alexandria, but his messenger Vincentius of Capua was compelled by the emperor at a conciliabulum held in Arles to subscribe against his will to a condemnation of the orthodox patriarch of Alexandria.[1] Constantius was sympathetic to the Arians, and when he could not persuade Liberius to his point of view sent the Pope to a prison in Beroea.[2] At the end of an exile of more than two years in Thrace, after which it seems he may have temporarily relented, or been set up to appear to have relented – partially evidenced by three letters, quite possibly forgeries, ascribed to Liberius,[3] the emperor recalled him under extreme pressure from the Roman population who refused to recognize the puppet "pope" Felix. As the Roman See was "officially" occupied by Antipope Felix II, a year passed before Liberius was sent to Rome. It was the emperor's intention that Liberius should govern the Church jointly with Felix, but on the arrival of Liberius, Felix was expelled by the Roman people. Neither Liberius nor Felix took part in the Council of Rimini (359).[1] After the death of the Emperor Constantius in 361, Liberius annulled the decrees of that assembly but, with the concurrence of bishops Athanasius and Hilary of Poitiers, retained the bishops who had signed and then withdrew their adherence. In 366, Liberius gave a favourable reception to a deputation of the Eastern episcopate, and admitted into his communion the more moderate of the old Arian party. He died on 24 September 366.[1] Some historians have postulated that Liberius resigned the papacy in 365, in order to make sense of the reign of Antipope Felix II.[4] That view is overwhelmingly outnumbered by the writings of historians and scholars which document Liberius' staunch orthodoxy through the end of his pontificate ended by his death. LegacyPope Pius IX noted in Quartus Supra that Liberius was falsely accused by the Arians and he had refused to condemn Athanasius of Alexandria.[5] In his encyclical Principi Apostolorum Petro, Pope Benedict XV noted that Pope Liberius went fearlessly into exile in defence of the orthodox faith.[6]In the Eastern Orthodox Church, Liberius is a saint whose feast is celebrated on August 27.[7] The Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore in Rome is sometimes referred to as the Liberian Basilica. See also{{Portal|Biography|Christianity|History}}
Notes{{notelist}}Sources1. ^1 2 3 {{Cite CE1913|wstitle=Pope Liberius}} 2. ^1 {{cite web|title=St. Liberius the Pope of Rome|url=http://oca.org/saints/lives/2015/08/27/102408-st-liberius-the-pope-of-rome|website=oca.org|publisher=Orthodox Church in America|accessdate=2015-04-14}} 3. ^Byfiend, Ted, ed. Darkness Descends, pg. 35 4. ^{{Cite CE1913|wstitle=Abdication}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ewtn.com/library/encyc/p9quartu.htm|title=Quartus Supra (On The Church In Armenia)|author=Pope Pius IX|date=6 January 1873|publisher=Eternal Word Television Network |accessdate= 2 June 2015}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/benedict_xv/encyclicals/documents/hf_ben-xv_enc_05101920_principi-apostolorum-petro_en.html|author=Pope Benedict XV|title=Principi Apostolorum Petro, Encyclical Of Pope Benedict XV On St. Ephrem The Syrian To The Patriarchs, Primates, Archbishops, Bishops, And Other Ordinaries In Peace And Communion With The Apostolic See.|publisher=Libreria Editrice Vaticana|date=5 October 1920 |accessdate= 2 June 2015}} 7. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.goarch.org/chapel/dateceleb_view?m=8&d=27&y=2012 |title= On Monday, August 27, 2012 we celebrate |work= Online Chapel |publisher= Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America |accessdate= August 14, 2012 }} References
External links{{commons category|Liberius}}{{CE1913 poster|Pope Liberius}}
Pope|years=352–366}}{{s-aft|after=Damasus I}}{{s-end}}{{Popes}}{{Catholicism}}{{History of the Catholic Church}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Liberius}} 5 : 366 deaths|4th-century Romans|Popes|Year of birth unknown|4th-century popes |
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