| 词条 | Pope Marcellinus |
| 释义 |
|type=Pope |honorific-prefix=Pope Saint |name=Marcellinus |image=29-St.Marcellinus.jpg |image_size=220px |birth_name=Marcellinus |term_start=30 June 296 |term_end=304 |predecessor=Caius |successor=Marcellus I |birth_date=unknown date |birth_place=Rome, Western Roman Empire[1] |death_date=304 |death_place= Rome, Western Roman Empire |feast_day =26 April (Catholic) 7 June (Serbian Orthodox) }}Pope Marcellinus (died 304) was the Bishop of Rome or Pope from 30 June 296 to his death in 304. According to the Liberian Catalogue, he was a Roman, the son of a certain Projectus.[1] His predecessor was Pope Caius.[1] BiographyMarcellinus' pontificate began at a time when Diocletian was Roman Emperor, but had not yet started to persecute the Christians. He left Christianity rather free and so the church's membership grew. Caesar Galerius led the pagan movement against Christianity and aroused Diocletian against Christianity in the year 302: first Christian soldiers had to leave the army, later the Church's property was confiscated and Christian books were destroyed. After two fires in Diocletian's palace he took harder measures against Christians: they had either to apostatize or they were sentenced to death. Marcellinus is not mentioned in the Martyrologium hieronymianum, or in the Depositio episcoporum, or in the Depositio martyrum. The Liber Pontificalis, based on the lost Acts of St Marcellinus, relates that during Diocletian’s persecution Marcellinus was called upon to sacrifice, and offered incense to idols, but that, repenting shortly afterwards, he confessed the faith of Christ and suffered martyrdom with several companions. Other documents speak of his defection, and it is probably this lapse that explains the silence of the ancient liturgical calendars. In the beginning of the 5th century, Petilianus, the Donatist bishop of Cirta, says that Marcellinus and his priests had given up the holy books to the pagans during the persecution and offered incense to false gods. St Augustine denied the affair.[2][5] The records of the pseudo-Council of Sinuessa, which were fabricated at the beginning of the 6th century, state that Marcellinus after his fall presented himself before a council, which refused to try him on the ground that prima sedes a nemine iudicatur ("The first See is judged by none"). According to the Liber Pontificalis, Marcellinus was buried on 26 April 304 in the cemetery of Priscilla, on the Via Salaria, 25 days after his martyrdom; the Liberian Catalogue gives as the date 25 October. The fact of the martyrdom, too, is not established with certainty.[5] Marcellinus was mentioned in the General Roman Calendar, into which a feast day in his honour jointly with that of Saint Cletus on 26 April was inserted in the thirteenth century.[3] Because of the uncertainties regarding both, this joint feast was removed from that calendar in 1969.[3] Saint Cletus is still listed in the Roman Martyrology under 26 April date; but Saint Marcellinus is no longer mentioned in that professedly incomplete list of recognized saints.[4] Pope Marcellinus, along with Pope Marcellus, is commemorated in the Serbian Prologue of Ochrid on 7 June according to the Julian Calendar.[5] After a considerable interregnum, he was succeeded by Marcellus, with whom he has sometimes been confused.[6] During the pontificate of Marcellinus, Armenia became the first Christian state in 301 under Tiridates III. See also{{Portal|Biography|Christianity|History}}
Notes1. ^Duchesne (ed). Liber Pontificalis. I, 6–7. 2. ^1 2 Kirsch, Johann Peter. "Pope Saint Marcellinus." The Catholic Encyclopedia Vol. 9. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1910. 28 September 2017 3. ^1 Calendarium Romanum (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 1969), p.121 4. ^Martyrologium Romanum (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2001 {{ISBN|88-209-7210-7}}) 5. ^http://www.stnicholasredbank.com/june1-8.htm 6. ^1 2 {{EB1911|wstitle=Marcellinus, St|inline=1}} External links{{Commons category|Marcellinus}}
Pope|years=296–304}}{{s-aft|after=Marcellus I}}{{s-end}}{{Popes}}{{Catholic saints}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Marcellinus}} 13 : 3rd-century births|304 deaths|3rd-century archbishops|3rd-century Romans|4th-century Christian saints|4th-century Romans|Italian popes|Papal saints|People from Rome|Popes|Year of birth unknown|3rd-century popes|4th-century popes |
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