| 词条 | Poprad |
| 释义 |
| name = Poprad | native_name = | other_name = | settlement_type = City | image_skyline = Stadscentrum_Poprad_-_Slovakije.jpg | image_caption = Central Poprad during winter | image_flag = | image_shield = Poprad CoA - new version.svg | motto = | nickname = | etymology = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{SVK}} | subdivision_type1 = | subdivision_name1 = | subdivision_type2 = Region | subdivision_name2 = Prešov | subdivision_type3 = District | subdivision_name3 = Poprad | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | image_map = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = Slovakia | pushpin_relief = | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Slovakia | coordinates = {{coord|49|03|34|N|20|17|51|E|display=inline,title}} | coordinates_footnotes = | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Anton Danko | established_title = First mentioned | established_date = 1250 | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = 62.997 | area_total_sq_mi = | area_land_sq_mi = | area_water_sq_mi = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 672 | elevation_ft = | population_as_of = 2017 | population_footnotes = | population_total = 51486 {{decrease}} | population_density_km2 = auto | population_density_sq_mi= | population_demonym = | timezone1 = CET | utc_offset1 = +1 | timezone1_DST = CEST | utc_offset1_DST = +2 | postal_code_type = Postal code | postal_code = 058 01 | area_code_type = | area_code = 421-52 | geocode = | iso_code = | blank_name = Car plate | blank_info = PP | website = http://www.poprad.sk | footnotes = }} Poprad ({{IPA-sk|ˈpɔpɾat|Sk-Poprad.ogg}}; is a city in northern Slovakia at the foot of the High Tatra Mountains, famous for its picturesque historic centre and as a holiday resort. It is the biggest town of the Spiš region and the tenth largest city in Slovakia, with a population of approximately 50,000. The Poprad-Tatry Airport is an international airport located just outside the city. Poprad is also the starting point of the Tatra Electric Railway (known in Slovak as Tatranská elektrická železnica), a set of special narrow-gauge trains (trams) connecting the resorts in the High Tatras with each other and with Poprad. Main line trains link Poprad to other destinations in Slovakia and beyond; in particular, there are through trains running from Poprad to Prague in the Czech Republic. HistoryThe territory was since the Migration Period inhabited by Slavic settlers. The first written record dates from 16 March 1256 in the deed of donation of the Hungarian King Bela IV. It was colonized in the 13th century by German settlers and became the largely German town Deutschendorf meaning 'Germans' village'. From 1412 to 1770, as one of the Spis towns, Poprad was pawned by the Kingdom of Hungary to the Kingdom of Poland, resulting in a strong Polish influence on the city's further development. In the 17th century, the number of Germans began to decline. In January 1919 this territory was placed under the control of Czechoslovakia. Poprad itself was for 690 years (up until 1946) just one of several neighbouring settlements, which currently make up the modern city. The other parts of the current municipality are Matejovce (first reference 1251), Spišská Sobota (1256), Veľká (1268), and Stráže pod Tatrami (1276). The most significant of these original towns was Georgenberg, now Spišská Sobota), which preserved its dominant position in the area until the late 19th century. During World War II, Poprad was liberated on 28 January 1945 by troops of the Soviet 18th Army. After the war, with the development of winter sports, it became the starting point for expeditions to the High Tatras. In 1999, Poprad put in a bid to host the 2006 Winter Olympics, but lost to Turin, Italy. GeographyPoprad lies at an altitude of {{convert|672|m|ft|0}} above sea level and covers an area of {{convert|63|km2|sqmi|1}}.[1] It is located in northeastern Slovakia, about {{convert|110|km|mi|0}} from Košice and {{convert|330|km|mi|0}} from Bratislava (by road). Poprad is situated on the Poprad River in the Sub-Tatra Basin, and is a gateway to the High Tatras. Mountain ranges around the city include the Levoča Hills in the east, Kozie chrbty in the south, and the Low Tatras in the southwest. The drainage divide between the Black Sea and Baltic Sea lies a bit to the west, near the village of Štrba. ClimatePoprad lies in the north temperate zone and has a humid continental climate (Köppen Dfb) with four distinct seasons. It is characterized by a significant variation between warm summers and cold winters. {{Weather box|location = Poprad |metric first = Yes |single line = Yes |Jan record high C = 11.3 |Feb record high C = 17.4 |Mar record high C = 22.3 |Apr record high C = 26.7 |May record high C = 31.2 |Jun record high C = 31.0 |Jul record high C = 32.0 |Aug record high C = 31.4 |Sep record high C = 29.8 |Oct record high C = 25.1 |Nov record high C = 18.4 |Dec record high C = 16.3 |Jan high C = -0.8 |Feb high C = 1.2 |Mar high C = 6.0 |Apr high C = 11.6 |May high C = 17.2 |Jun high C = 20.1 |Jul high C = 22.1 |Aug high C = 21.2 |Sep high C = 17.7 |Oct high C = 12.3 |Nov high C = 5.0 |Dec high C = 0.6 |Jan mean C = -5.0 |Feb mean C = -3.2 |Mar mean C = 1.1 |Apr mean C = 6.3 |May mean C = 11.3 |Jun mean C = 14.2 |Jul mean C = 16.1 |Aug mean C = 15.3 |Sep mean C = 11.9 |Oct mean C = 6.9 |Nov mean C = 1.1 |Dec mean C = -3.2 |Jan low C = -9.2 |Feb low C = -7.5 |Mar low C = -3.8 |Apr low C = 0.9 |May low C = 5.4 |Jun low C = 8.3 |Jul low C = 10.0 |Aug low C = 9.4 |Sep low C = 6.1 |Oct low C = 1.5 |Nov low C = -2.8 |Dec low C = -7.0 |Jan record low C = −29.1 |Feb record low C = −27.7 |Mar record low C = −25.0 |Apr record low C = -8.9 |May record low C = -5.0 |Jun record low C = -2.0 |Jul record low C = 1.8 |Aug record low C = 0.1 |Sep record low C = -6.5 |Oct record low C = -10.2 |Nov record low C = −19.5 |Dec record low C = −27.6 |Jan precipitation mm = 23 |Feb precipitation mm = 22 |Mar precipitation mm = 27 |Apr precipitation mm = 48 |May precipitation mm = 74 |Jun precipitation mm = 86 |Jul precipitation mm = 73 |Aug precipitation mm = 65 |Sep precipitation mm = 52 |Oct precipitation mm = 43 |Nov precipitation mm = 36 |Dec precipitation mm = 27 |source 1 = World Weather,[2] NOAA (extremes)[3] |date=August 2010 }} DemographicsPoprad has a population of 55,158 (as of December 31, 2005). According to the 2001 census, 94.1% of inhabitants were Slovaks, 2.1% Romani, 1% Czechs, 0.2% Hungarians, 0.2% Germans, 0.1% Rusyns, 0.1% Ukrainians, and 0.1% Poles.[1] The religious make-up was 65.9% Roman Catholics, 16.8% people with no religious affiliation, and 7.3% Lutherans.[1] LandmarksThe historical centre is concentrated around the St. Egidius square (Námestie svätého Egídia), which is rimmed with houses predominantly from the 18th and 19th centuries. Churches in the city include the early-Gothic Catholic Church of St. Egidius from the late 13th century. Another historical centre near Poprad is in Spišská Sobota, which was declared in 1953 to be a Town Monument Reserve. A significant landmark there is the Church of St. George, with five late-Gothic side altars and a main altar from the workshop of Master Paul of Levoča. Modern places of interest include a new water park called AquaCity Poprad. GovernmentBetween 2003 and 2014, the mayor of Poprad was Anton Danko (former international ice-hockey referee). In the November 2014 municipal elections, he lost to Jozef Švagerko (KDH - Christian democrats). Territorial divisionThe city is divided into six boroughs for the purpose of municipal administrative division:
SportPoprad currently has one ice hockey club, HK Poprad. Lev Poprad was another ice hockey club in Poprad, who used to play in the KHL for one season but was moved to the Czech capital, Prague, in 2012. Despite successful 2013/2014 seasons, club has ended due to financial problems. There is a number of former and current ice hockey players in NHL who were born in Poprad.[4] There are many football stadiums in Poprad, recently the stadium by AquaCity Poprad was reconstructed. The local women's basketball club is Basketbalová Akadémia Mládeže Poprad (BAMP). Their matches are played in Arena Poprad. EducationThe city's system of primary education consists of 12 public schools, and one religious primary school, enrolling in total 5,464 pupils.[5] Secondary education is represented by four grammar schools with 1,800 students,[6] three specialized high schools with 1,566 students,[7] and four vocational schools with 2,045 students (data as of 2007).[8] TransportPoprad is a gateway to the High Tatra mountain range, which is a popular tourist destination. The city lies on the main road (E 50) and railway connecting western and eastern Slovakia. Poprad-Tatry railway station links Poprad with other major destinations on Slovakia's standard gauge rail network, and with the mountains via the metre gauge Tatra Electric Railway. The direct trains SuperCity Pendolino connects Poprad with Prague. International Poprad–Tatry Airport from 1938, is an airport with the highest elevations in Central Europe. It also offers scheduled flights to London.[9] Personalities
Twin towns – sister cities
References1. ^1 2 {{cite web | title = Municipal Statistics | publisher = Statistical Office of the Slovak republic | date = | url = http://www.statistics.sk/mosmis/eng/run.html | accessdate = 2007-05-03 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070427022352/http://www.statistics.sk/mosmis/eng/run.html |archivedate = 2007-04-27}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.worldweather.org/011/c01227.htm|title=Weather Information for Poprad |accessdate=January 1, 2009|date=July 2011}} 3. ^{{cite web |url = ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/RA-VI/S1/11934.TXT |title = Poprad Climate Normals 1961-1990 |publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |accessdate = December 19, 2012}} 4. ^{{cite web|last=LegendsofHockey.net|title=NHL Legends of Hockey|url=http://www.legendsofhockey.net/LegendsOfHockey/jsp/SearchPlayersByTeam.jsp?team=HK+Poprad|accessdate=14 June 2015}} 5. ^{{cite web | title=Prehľad základných škôl v školskom roku 2006/2007 | year=2006 | publisher=Ústav informácií a prognóz školstva | url=http://www.uips.sk/statis/pdf/ZS_P7.PDF | format=PDF | accessdate=2008-03-09 | language=Slovak | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080409203403/http://www.uips.sk/statis/pdf/ZS_P7.PDF | archivedate=2008-04-09 | df= }} 6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.uips.sk/statis/pdf/GYM_P7.PDF |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080409203357/http://www.uips.sk/statis/pdf/GYM_P7.PDF |dead-url=yes |archive-date=2008-04-09 |title=Prehľad gymnázií v školskom roku 2006/2007 |accessdate=2008-03-09 |format=PDF |publisher=Ústav informácií a prognóz školstva |language=Slovak }} 7. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.uips.sk/statis/pdf/SOS_P7.PDF |title=Prehľad stredných odborných škôl v školskom roku 2006/2007 |accessdate=2008-03-09 |format=PDF |publisher=Ústav informácií a prognóz školstva |language=Slovak |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080409203349/http://www.uips.sk/statis/pdf/SOS_P7.PDF |archivedate=2008-04-09 |df= }} 8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.uips.sk/statis/pdf/ZSS_P7.PDF |title=Prehľad združených stredných škôl v školskom roku 2006/2007 |accessdate=2008-03-09 |format=PDF |publisher=Ústav informácií a prognóz školstva |language=Slovak |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080409203416/http://www.uips.sk/statis/pdf/ZSS_P7.PDF |archivedate=2008-04-09 |df= }} 9. ^http://firmy.etrend.sk/firmy-nefinancny-sektor/lietat-z-popradu-do-londyna-sa-bude-uz-za-30-eur.html External links{{Commonscat-inline|Poprad}}{{wikivoyage|Poprad}}
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