词条 | Portrush |
释义 |
}}{{Use British English|date=October 2013}}{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2013}}{{Infobox UK place |official_name= Portrush |irish_name= Port Rois |scots_name= Tha Port[1] |local_name= |static_image_name=On the beach - geograph.org.uk - 53193.jpg |static_image_caption= Planes on the beach during the yearly air show |map_type= Northern Ireland |coordinates = {{coord|55.20474|-6.65222|display=inline,title}} |label_position= none |belfast_distance={{convert|50|mi|km}} | population = 6,454 | population_ref = (2011) |irish_grid_reference= C855409 |unitary_northern_ireland= Causeway Coast and Glens |country= Northern Ireland |post_town= PORTRUSH |postcode_area= BT |postcode_district= BT56 |dial_code= 028, +44 28 |constituency_westminster= East Londonderry |lieutenancy_northern_ireland= County Antrim |website= }} Portrush ({{Irish derived place name|Port Rois|promontory port}})[2] is a small seaside resort town in County Antrim, Northern Ireland, on the County Londonderry border. The main part of the old town, including the railway station as well as most hotels, restaurants and bars, is built on a mile–long peninsula, Ramore Head, pointing north-northwest. It had a population of 6,454 people as measured by the 2011 Census. In the off-season, Portrush is a dormitory town for the nearby campus of the University of Ulster at Coleraine. It neighbours the resort of Portstewart. The town is well known for its three sandy beaches, the West Strand, East Strand and White Rocks, as well as the Royal Portrush Golf Club, the only golf club outside mainland Great Britain which has hosted the Open Championship. It was the base for the Katie Hannan (this life boat was damaged in 2008, after running aground during a rescue at Rathlin Island, Now based as a training boat for the RNLI), a Severn class lifeboat and Ken and Mary, a D–class inshore lifeboat of the RNLI. Lifeboats have operated out of Portrush Harbour since 1860, and currently stationed there are the Severn class William Gordon Burr and the D-class inshore vessel David Roulston. Portrush is in the East Londonderry constituency for the UK Parliament and Northern Ireland Assembly. HistoryA number of flint tools found during the late 19th century show that the site of Portrush was occupied during the "Larnian" (late Irish Mesolithic) period;[4] recent estimates date this to around 4000 BC.[5] The site of Portrush, with its excellent natural defences, probably became a permanent settlement around the 12th or 13th century. A church is known to have existed on Ramore Head at this time, but no part of it now survives. From the records of the papal taxation of 1306, the Portrush church – and by extension the village – appears to have been reasonably wealthy. The promontory also held two castles, at varying periods. The first of these, Caisleán an Teenie, is believed to have been at the tip of Ramore Head, and probably destroyed in the late 16th century; the other, Portrush Castle, may have been built around the time of the Plantation of Ulster in the early 17th century. Nothing survives of either castle.[6] Following the Wars of the Three Kingdoms in the mid-17th century, Portrush became a small fishing town. It grew heavily in the 19th century as a tourist destination, following the opening of the Ballymena, Ballymoney, Coleraine and Portrush Junction Railway in 1855, and by the turn of the 20th century had become one of the major resort towns of Ireland, with a number of large hotels and boarding houses including the prominent Northern Counties Hotel. As well as the town's beaches and the Royal Portrush Golf Club (opened 1888), the nearby Giant's Causeway was a popular tourist destination, with the Giant's Causeway Tramway – at the time, one of the world's longest electrified railways – built in 1893 to cater to travellers coming from Portrush. The town's fortunes peaked in the late 19th and early 20th century, and declined after the Second World War with the growth of foreign travel. It escaped any involvement in the Troubles until 3 August 1976, when a series of bombings of properties burned out and destroyed several buildings, though with no loss of life.[7] In a second attack in April 1987, two officers of the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) were shot in the back by the Provisional Irish Republican Army while on foot patrol on Main Street.[8] DemographicsPortrush is classified as a small town (i.e. with a population between 10,000 and 18,000 people) by the Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency (NISRA).[9]{{rp|11}} 2011 CensusOn Census day (27 March 2011) there were 6,003 people living in Portrush (2,824 households), accounting for 0.36% of the NI total.[10] Of these:
For more details see: Northern Ireland Neighbourhood Information Service.[11] Places of interest
Events
EducationThe following schools are in Portrush:{{citation needed|date=August 2014}}
People
Sport
TransportPortrush railway station was opened on 4 December 1855 and closed for goods traffic on 20 September 1954. The station is the last stop on the Coleraine-Portrush railway line, where travellers can connect with trains to Derry, Belfast and beyond.[18]Portrush is a busy seaside resort, with a frequent train service run by Northern Ireland Railways connecting with Ulsterbus services linking to Bushmills and the Giant's Causeway. See also
References1. ^Dunluce Castle US NI Department of the Environment. Retrieved 21 September 2012. 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.logainm.ie/62009.aspx|title=Port Rois/Portrush|author=|date=|website=Logainm.ie|accessdate=23 March 2018}} 3. ^{{cite journal|title=Portrush Chapel, Ireland|journal=Wesleyan Juvenile Offering|date=March 1850|volume=VII|page=31|url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=a1wEAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false|accessdate=19 November 2015|publisher=Wesleyan Methodist Missionary Society|location=London}} 4. ^{{jstor|25506293}}, p. 244; {{jstor|25513788}}, p. 238-242 5. ^{{jstor|25800527}}, p. 249 6. ^http://www.qub.ac.uk/schools/CentreforArchaeologicalFieldworkCAF/PDFFileStore/Filetoupload,274001,en.pdf 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/othelem/chron/ch76.htm|title=CAIN: Chronology of the Conflict 1976|first=Dr Martin|last=Melaugh|date=|website=cain.ulst.ac.uk|accessdate=23 March 2018}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/othelem/chron/ch87.htm|title=CAIN: Chronology of the Conflict 1987|first=Dr Martin|last=Melaugh|date=|website=cain.ulst.ac.uk|accessdate=23 March 2018}} 9. ^{{cite web |work= NI Statistics and Research Agency (NISRA) |title= Statistical Classification and Delineation of Settlements |at= Table 3 / Band C - Large Town |url= http://www.ninis2.nisra.gov.uk/public/documents/ur_report.pdf |date= February 2005 |format= PDF |accessdate= 26 September 2018}} 10. ^{{cite web |title= Census 2011 Population Statistics for Coleraine Settlement |publisher= Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency (NISRA) |url= http://www.ninis2.nisra.gov.uk/public/AreaProfileReportViewer.aspx?FromAPAddressMulipleRecords=Coleraine@Exact%20match%20of%20location%20name:%20@Exact%20Match%20Of%20Location%20Name:%20%20Coleraine@23? |date= 2011 |accessdate= 5 June 2018}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ninis.nisra.gov.uk/|title=statistics|first=Northern Ireland Statistics and Research|last=Agency|date=|website=www.ninis.nisra.gov.uk|accessdate=23 March 2018}} 12. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.doeni.gov.uk/niea/teachers_and_pupils/educational_places_to_visit/portrush-v1/the_coastal_zone_at_portrush.html | title=Education at The Coastal Zone Portrush | publisher=doeni.gov.uk | location=UK | accessdate=19 August 2014 | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020134752/http://www.doeni.gov.uk/niea/teachers_and_pupils/educational_places_to_visit/portrush-v1/the_coastal_zone_at_portrush.html | archivedate=20 October 2013 | df=dmy-all }} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.peopleofthesea.info|title=East Strand Portrush Artwork website}} 14. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.niinternationalairshow.co.uk|title=Northern Ireland International Air Show website}} 15. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.portrushrnli/|title=Portrush Royal National Lifeboat Institution website}}{{dead link|date=March 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 16. ^{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/mobile/bbc_sport/nireland/nw200/about/index.shtml|title=BBC Mobile - BBC Sport - N Ireland - North West 200 - About NW200|author=|date=|website=news.bbc.co.uk|accessdate=23 March 2018}} 17. ^{{cite news |first=Jamie |last=Doward |title=The real-life triumphs of the gay communist behind hit movie Pride |work=The Guardian |date=21 September 2014 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2014/sep/21/mark-ashton-gay-pride-film}} 18. ^{{cite web | title=Portrush station | work=Railscot – Irish Railways | url=http://www.railscot.co.uk/Ireland/Irish_railways.pdf | accessdate=28 August 2007|format=PDF}} Further reading
External links{{Wikivoyage|Portrush}}{{commons category|Portrush}}
5 : Portrush|Towns in County Antrim|Seaside resorts in Northern Ireland|Beaches of Northern Ireland|Airshows in the United Kingdom |
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