词条 | Cultural humility | |||||||||||
释义 |
Cultural humility is the “ability to maintain an interpersonal stance that is other-oriented (or open to the other) in relation to aspects of cultural identity that are most important to the [person].[1]” Cultural humility is different from other culturally-based training ideals because it focuses on self-humility rather than achieving a state of knowledge or awareness. Cultural humility was formed in the physical healthcare field and adapted for therapists and social workers to increase the quality of their interactions with clients and community members. BackgroundTo understand cultural humility, it is important to think about how culture is central in these interactions. The authors of the Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Standards (CLAS) explain the importance of culture in that “culture defines how health care information is received, how rights and protections are exercised, what is considered to be a health problem, how symptoms and concerns about the problem are expressed, who should provide treatment for the problem, and what type of treatment should be given. In sum, because health care is a cultural construct, arising from beliefs about the nature of disease and the human body, cultural issues are actually central in the delivery of health services treatment and preventative interventions.”[2] Thus discovering and incorporating these differences help foster an environment that allows cultural humility to grow and take shape. HistoryCultural competence was an idea first promoted in the healthcare profession. Competence educational programs are aimed at preventing medical misdiagnoses and errors due to lack of cultural understanding. However, with the increasing diversity in the United States combined with an added cultural awareness, competence was not serving the needs of all medical professionals.[3]Cultural humility is a term coined by Melanie Tervalon and Jann Murray-Garcia in 1998 to describe a way of infiltrating multiculturalism into their work as healthcare professionals. Replacing the idea of cultural competency, cultural humility was based on the idea of focusing on self-reflection and lifelong learning. Tervalon and Murray-Garcia believed that health care professionals were not receiving appropriate education or training in terms of multiculturalism, and developed a new method of approaching the topic.[4]
Cultural humility in social workRecently, the social work profession has begun adopting cultural humility into frameworks for service delivery and practice. Most cultural humility rhetoric focuses on interpersonal, individual micro practice social work[5] in terms of worker/client relationships and culturally appropriate intervention procedures. However, social work posits cultural humility as a strong self-reflection tool for the worker. Most importantly, it encourages social workers to realize their own power, privilege and prejudices, and be willing to accept that acquired education and credentials alone are insufficient to address social inequality.[6] As such, this reflective practice,[7] enables social workers to understand that the client is an expert in their own lives and that it is not the role of the worker to lean on their own understanding. In short, clients are the authority, not their service providers when it comes to lived experiences.[8] Those who practice cultural humility view their clients as capable and work to understand their worldview and any oppression or discrimination that they may have experienced as well[7] In terms of the workplace of a social worker, supervisors should try to help workers to:
Cultural humility is a tool that can be utilized by both macro (community organizing, social policy, evaluation, management) and micro (therapy, interpersonal) to better connect with individuals and communities as well as to gain more insight into personal biases and identities. Cultural humility can lead to both personal and professional growth of a social worker. The Code of Ethics from the National Association of Social Workers has no mention of cultural humility in its latest edition that was approved in 1996 and revised in 2008. [10] See also
References1. ^{{cite book|last=Hook|first=J.N.|title=Cultural Humility: Measuring openness to culturally diverse clients|year=2013|publisher=Journal of Counseling Psychology}} 2. ^{{cite web|last=U.S. Department of Health & Human Services|title=Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services|url=http://minorityhealth.hhs.gov/templates/browse.aspx?lvl=2&lvlID=15|accessdate=24 February 2014}} 3. ^{{cite book|last=Ashford|first=Jose|title=Human Behavior in the Social Environment: A Multidimensional Perspectiv|year=2008|publisher=Cengage Learning|location=California}} 4. ^{{cite journal|last=Tervalon|first=Melanie|title=Cultural Humility versus Cultural Competence: A Critical Distinction in Defining Physician Training Outcomes in Multicultural Education|year=1998|journal=Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved|pages=117–125|volume=9|number=2}} 5. ^{{cite journal|last=Ortega|first=Robert|author2=Faller, Katherine|title=Training child welfare workers from an intersectional perspective: A paradigm shift.|journal=Child Welfare|year=2011|volume=5|issue=90|pages=27–49}} 6. ^{{cite web|last=Chavez|first=Vivan|title=Cultural Humility|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SaSHLbS1V4w}} 7. ^1 {{cite web|last=Hohman|first=Melinda|title=Cultural Humility: A Lifelong Practice|url=http://socialwork.sdsu.edu/insitu/diversity/cultural-humility-a-lifelong-practice/|publisher=San Diego State University School of Social Work}} 8. ^{{cite web|last=Moncho|first=Craig|title=Cultural Humility, Part I - What is it?|url=http://thesocialworkpractitioner.com/2013/08/19/cultural-humility-part-i-what-is-cultural-humility/|publisher=The Social Work Practitioner}} 9. ^{{cite web|last=Moncho|first=Craig|title=Cultural Humility, Part II - Promoting Cultural Humility in the Workplace|url=http://thesocialworkpractitioner.com/2013/08/19/cultural-humility-part-i-what-is-cultural-humility/|publisher=The Social Work Practitioner}} 10. ^{{Cite web|title = Code of Ethics (English and Spanish) - National Association of Social Workers|url = http://www.socialworkers.org/pubs/code/code.asp|website = www.socialworkers.org|accessdate = 2015-10-19}} 1 : Healthcare quality |
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