| 词条 | Cuween Hill Chambered Cairn |
| 释义 |
|name = Cuween Hill Chambered Cairn |native_name = |alternate_name = |image = Cuween Hill, front external view, 2012 March.jpg |alt = |caption = Cuween Hill, front external view |map_type = Scotland Orkney |map_alt = |map_size = |location = Mainland, Orkney |region = |coordinates = {{coord|58.997117|-3.107778|display=inline}} |type = Chambered cairn |part_of = |length = |width = |area = |height = |builder = |material = |built = |abandoned = |epochs = Neolithic |cultures = |dependency_of = |occupants = |event = |excavations = |archaeologists = |condition = |ownership = Historic Scotland |public_access = Yes |website = |notes = }} Cuween Hill Chambered Cairn ({{gbmapping|HY364127}}) is a Neolithic chambered cairn on Mainland in the islands of Orkney about 6 miles west of Kirkwall. Cuween Hill dates to around 3,000 BCE. It is cairn of similar design to Maeshowe, but on a smaller basis. Cuween Hill was constructed as a burial place by a group of Neolithic farmers. DescriptionThe entry to the tomb is down a narrow passage, partly open to the sky. The main chamber, built on the bedrock, stands well over 2 meters high,[1] and was probably taller before 19th century explorers broke through the roof to gain entry.[2] The roof has been replaced with a modern one.[1] Four small side-cells lead off the main chamber.[1] Remains of at least eight human burials were found in the chamber along with many animal bones.[1] Most of the human remains consisted of skulls.[2] On the floor of the chamber lay the skulls of 24 small dogs.[1] The discovery of the dog skulls has led to suggestions that the local tribe or family may have had the dog as their symbol or totem.[1] The small number of burials suggests the tomb may have been cleared periodically with only the skulls of recent (or important) individuals left on display.[2] When the cairn was opened in recent times, it was found to have been carefully blocked up. This could indicate that it was closed permanently when the community stopped using it, or it could mean that tombs like this were closed up regularly between episodes of use. [2] Access to the cairn is on foot, through the original entrance. Visitors will need to crawl through the passage on their hands and knees. There is enough room inside to stand, but the light is limited. The cairn was excavated in 1901, and it is in the care of Historic Environment Scotland. The roof is now a modern concrete dome.[11]{{rp|49}} In the 1990s, excavations uncovered the remains of a small Neolithic settlement at Stonehall, below the cairn at the foot of Cuween Hill.[3]{{rp|49}} See also
References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 Cuween Hill Chambered Cairn Historic Scotland 2. ^1 2 3 Cuween Cairn, Orkneyjar 3. ^1 {{cite book|last=Wickham-Jones|first=Caroline|title=Monuments of Orkney|publisher=Historic Scotland|year=2012|isbn=978-1-84917-073-4}} External links{{Commons category|Cuween Hill Chambered Cairn}}
6 : 4th-millennium BC architecture in Scotland|Historic Scotland properties in Orkney|Prehistoric Orkney|Chambered cairns in Scotland|Scheduled monuments in Scotland|Archaeological sites in Orkney |
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