| 词条 | Cygnus CRS OA-5 |
| 释义 |
| name = Cygnus CRS OA-5 | image = Cygnus 7 captured by Canadarm2.jpg | image_caption = The Cygnus spacecraft captured by the ISS robotic arm, during Cygnus CRS OA-5. | image_size = 300px | mission_type = ISS resupply | operator = Orbital ATK | COSPAR_ID = 2016-062A | SATCAT = 41818 | mission_duration = Final: {{time interval|17 October 2016 23:45|27 November 2016 23:36|show=dhm|sep=,}} | spacecraft = S.S. Alan Poindexter | spacecraft_type = Enhanced Cygnus[1][2] | manufacturer = Orbital ATK Thales Alenia Space | launch_mass = {{convert|13608|lb|kg|order=flip|abbr=on}}[1] | launch_date = {{start-date|17 October 2016, 23:45}} UTC[2] | launch_rocket = Antares 230[5][6] | launch_site = MARS LP-0A | launch_contractor = Orbital ATK | disposal_type = Deorbited | decay_date = {{end-date|27 November 2016, 23:36}} UTC | orbit_reference = Geocentric | orbit_regime = Low Earth | orbit_semimajor = | orbit_eccentricity = | orbit_periapsis = | orbit_apoapsis = | orbit_inclination = 51.6° | orbit_period = | orbit_epoch = | apsis = gee | docking = | docking_target = ISS | docking_type = berth | docking_port = Unity nadir[2] | capture_date = 23 October 2016, 11:28 UTC[3] | docking_date = 23 October 2016, 14:53 UTC[4] | undocking_date = 21 November 2016, 11:25 UTC[5] | release_date = 21 November 2016, 13:22 UTC[6][7] | time_docked = {{time interval|23 October 2016 14:53|21 November 2016 11:25|show=dhm|sep=,}} | cargo_mass = {{convert|2425|kg|lb|abbr=on}}[1] | cargo_mass_press = {{convert|2342|kg|lb|abbr=on}}[8] | cargo_mass_unpress = {{convert|83|kg|lb|abbr=on}}[8] | programme = Commercial Resupply Services | previous_mission = Cygnus CRS OA-6 | next_mission = Cygnus CRS OA-7 | insignia = | insignia_caption = NASA (left) and Orbital ATK (right) insignias for OA-5 }}Cygnus CRS OA-5, also known as Orbital Sciences CRS Flight 5, was the seventh planned flight of the Orbital Sciences' unmanned resupply spacecraft Cygnus and its sixth flight to the International Space Station under the Commercial Resupply Services contract with NASA.[16][17] The mission launched on October 17th, 2016 at 7:45 PM. Orbital and NASA jointly developed a new space transportation system to provide commercial cargo resupply services to the International Space Station (ISS). Under the Commercial Orbital Transportation System (COTS) program, Orbital designed and built Antares, a medium-class launch vehicle; Cygnus, an advanced maneuvering spacecraft; and a Pressurized Cargo Module which is provided by Orbital's industrial partner Thales Alenia Space.[18] The Cygnus spacecraft for this mission is named the S.S. Alan Poindexter in honor to astronaut Alan G. Poindexter, a deceased space shuttle commander.[9] Poindexter was selected in the 1998 NASA Group (G17) and went into orbit aboard Space Shuttle missions STS-122 and STS-131. HistoryThe COTS demonstration mission was successfully conducted in September 2013, and Orbital commenced operational ISS cargo missions under the Commercial Resupply Service (CRS) program with two missions in 2014. Regrettably, the third operational mission, Orb CRS-3, was not successful due to spectacular Antares failure during launch. The company decided to discontinue the Antares 100 series and accelerate the introduction of a new propulsion system. The Antares system is being upgraded with newly built RD-181 first stage engines to provide greater payload performance and increased reliability.[20] In late 2014 Orbital contracted United Launch Alliance for an Atlas V launch of Orb OA-4 in late 2015 from Cape Canaveral, FL, and with a second Atlas V launch of Cygnus in 2016.[20][22] The company plans three Cygnus missions in 2016, in the first (CRS OA-6), third (CRS OA-5) and fourth quarters (CRS OA-7) of 2016. The Cygnus OA-5 and OA-7 will fly on the new Antares 230 and OA-6 will fly on second Atlas V in first quarter of 2016. These three missions enable Orbital ATK to fulfill their CRS contracted payload obligation.[22] This particular mission is known as OA-5. Production and integration of Cygnus spacecraft is performed in Dulles, VA. The Cygnus service module is mated with the pressurized cargo module at the launch site, and mission operations are conducted from control centers in Dulles and Houston.[18] Spacecraft{{main|Cygnus (spacecraft)}}This was the sixth of ten flights by Orbital ATK under the Commercial Resupply Services contract with NASA. This was the third flight of the Enhanced sized Cygnus PCM.[22] The mission successfully launched on 17 October 2016, 23:45 UTC.[2] In keeping with an Orbital ATK tradition, this Cygnus spacecraft is named the S.S. Alan Poindexter after the NASA astronaut who flew aboard the Space Shuttle twice (2008 & 2010). ManifestTotal cargo mass on ascent: {{cvt|2425|kg}}[1]
Other OA projectsNASA had planned the next Cygnus flight, OA-7, for 30 December 2016. However, in October 2016, it was announced that OA-7 was being delayed until March 2017 and switched from the Antares launch vehicle to a United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket to provide additional cargo up mass for NASA.[10]In 2015, under the NASA CRS-1 contract, Orbital was awarded three extension flights for 2017 and 2018. The OA-8E flight has tentatively been scheduled for 12 June 2017, followed by OA-9E later that year and OA-10E in 2018. Cargo vehicle scheduling is dynamic with the ISS partners. The schedule will be influenced by the first USA manned commercial flights (SpaceX, Boeing) to ISS since Space Shuttle retirement in 2011.[17] Cubesat releaseOn 25 November 2016, after leaving the ISS, the spacecraft raised its orbit to 500 kilometers and released four Lemur-2 cubesats for Spire Global.[11] {{Clear}}References1. ^1 2 3 {{cite web |url=https://www.orbitalatk.com/news-room/feature-stories/OA5-Mission-Page/Documents/OA-5.pdf |title=OA-5 Mission: Fact Sheet |publisher=Orbital ATK |accessdate=10 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161020014146/https://www.orbitalatk.com/news-room/feature-stories/OA5-Mission-Page/Documents/OA-5.pdf |archive-date=20 October 2016 |dead-url=yes}} [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]2. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://www.orbitalatk.com/news-room/feature-stories/OA5-Mission-Page/default.aspx?prid=180 |title=OA-5 Mission Page |work=Orbital ATK |date=15 October 2016 |access-date=17 October 2016 |id=FS008_16_OA_6874 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170428053031/https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/orbital_atk_crs-5_mission_overview.pdf |archive-date=28 April 2017 |dead-url=yes}} 3. ^{{cite news |url=http://spaceflight101.com/cygnus-oa5/cygnus-oa-5-capture-berthing/ |title=Cygnus Spacecraft arrives at ISS for Month-Long Cargo Delivery Mission |work=Spaceflight101.com |date=23 October 2016 |accessdate=3 January 2018}} 4. ^{{cite web |url=https://blogs.nasa.gov/spacestation/2016/10/23/cygnus-attached-to-stations-unity-module/ |title=Cygnus Attached to Station's Unity Module |publisher=NASA |first=Mark |last=Garcia |date=23 October 2017 |accessdate=3 January 2018}} 5. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.seradata.com/cygnus-oa-5-comings-and-goings-as-it-leaves-iss-to-later-release-lemur-cubesats-2/ |title=Cygnus OA-5 comings and goings as it leaves ISS to later release Lemur cubesats |work=Seradata |first=David |last=Todd |date=25 November 2016 |accessdate=3 January 2018}} 6. ^{{cite news |url=http://spaceflight101.com/cygnus-oa5/cygnus-oa5-departure/ |title=Cygnus Cargo Craft departs Space Station for In-Space Fire Experiment & Satellite Deployments |work=Spaceflight101.com |date=21 November 2016 |accessdate=3 January 2018}} 7. ^{{cite web |url=https://blogs.nasa.gov/spacestation/2016/11/21/astronauts-release-cygnus-space-freighter-from-station/ |title=Astronauts Release Cygnus Space Freighter From Station |publisher=NASA |first=Mark |last=Garcia |date=21 November 2016 |accessdate=3 January 2018}} 8. ^1 2 3 {{cite web |url=https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/orbital_atk_crs-5_mission_overview.pdf |title=Orbital ATK CRS-5 Mission Overview |publisher=NASA |date=2016 |access-date=3 January 2018}} 9. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.collectspace.com/news/news-060716a-orbital-atk-oa5-alan-poindexter.html |title=S.S. Alan Poindexter: Orbital ATK freighter named for late shuttle astronaut |date=7 June 2015 |publisher=collectSPACE}} 10. ^https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2016/11/oa-7-atlas-v-high-praise-antares-rtf/ 11. ^{{cite news |url=http://spacenews.com/spire-deploys-four-satellites-from-cygnus/ |title=Spire deploys four satellites from Cygnus |work=Space News |first=Jeff |last=Foust |date=26 November 2016}} 12. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/files/5-Scimemi-ISS_Status-NAC-July-2015_FINAL.pdf |title=International Space Station Status |last=Scimemi |first=Sam |publisher=NASA |date=July 2015 |accessdate=15 August 2015}} 13. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2012/02/orbital-upbeat-ahead-of-antares-debut/ |title=Space industry giants Orbital upbeat ahead of Antares debut |last=Bergin |first=Chris |date=22 February 2012 |publisher=NasaSpaceflight (not affiliated with NASA) |accessdate=29 March 2012}} 14. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2015/08/orbital-atk-progress-return-antares/ |title=Orbital ATK make progress toward Return To Flight of Antares rocket |last=Gebhardt |first=Chris |date=14 August 2015 |website=NASASpaceflight.com |accessdate=14 August 2015}} 15. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=https://www.orbitalatk.com/space-systems/human-space-advanced-systems/commercial-resupply-services/docs/FS006_08_OA_3891%20Cygnus.pdf |title=Cygnus Fact Sheet |publisher=Orbital ATK |date=24 March 2015 |accessdate=14 August 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150926095427/http://www.orbitalatk.com/space-systems/human-space-advanced-systems/commercial-resupply-services/docs/FS006_08_OA_3891%20Cygnus.pdf |archivedate=26 September 2015 |df=}} 16. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.orbitalatk.com/news-room/feature-stories/CRSUpdate/default.aspx |title=Orbital ATK Team on Track for Fall 2015 Cygnus Mission and Antares Return to Flight in 2016 |publisher=Orbital ATK |date=12 August 2015 |accessdate=12 August 2015}} 17. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://spider.seds.org/shuttle/iss-sche.html |title=International Space Station Flight Schedule |date=15 May 2013 |publisher=Students for the Exploration and Development of Space}} 18. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://spaceflightnow.com/tracking/index.html |title=Worldwide launch schedule |accessdate=12 February 2015 |publisher=spaceflightnow.com}} 19. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://spaceflightnow.com/launch-schedule/ |title=Launch Schedule |publisher=spaceflightnow.com |accessdate=25 June 2016}} 20. ^1 2 3 {{cite web |url=http://spacenews.com/nasa-orders-two-more-iss-cargo-missions-from-orbital-atk/ |title=NASA Orders Two More ISS Cargo Missions From Orbital ATK |last=Leone |first=Dan |website=SpaceNews.com |date=17 August 2015 |accessdate=17 August 2015}} }}{{Cygnus spaceflights}}{{Unmanned ISS resupply flights}}{{Orbital launches in 2016}}{{Portalbar |Spaceflight}}{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2018}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Cygnus 005}} 5 : Cygnus (spacecraft)|Spacecraft launched by Antares rockets|Spacecraft launched in 2016|Spacecraft which reentered in 2016|Supply vehicles for the International Space Station |
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