| 词条 | Czech Texans |
| 释义 |
History and cultureHistorically, Czech Moravian settlements were found in Central Texas. "Czechs first settled in Texas in the 1840's, traveling from Bohemia, Moravia, and Austrian Silesia ... Czech settlers usually identified themselves as Austrian, German, Bohemian, Slovak or Moravian."[2] Although many Czech-Texans have experienced cultural assimilation, Czech celebrations and events continue to be held.[3] Temple is home to the Czech Heritage Museum. A Fayetteville museum celebrates Texas's Czech settlement. In Caldwell is the Burleson County Czech Heritage Museum. In 2004, the Texas Czech Heritage and Cultural Center was opened in LaGrange. Houston's Czech Cultural Center promotes research of Czech history. Praha hosts the Praha Homecoming, also known as the Pražská Pouť, which is celebrated with Catholic mass, food, singing and dancing. The city of West hosts Westfest every Labor Day, which includes a Koláče baking contest and a Taroky tournament. Crosby, northeast of Houston, hosts a Czech Fest and a Koláče Bake. The Czech Heritage Society of Texas has developed 14 chapters throughout the state.[2][4] The National Polka Festival is an annual parade and festival held in Ennis, Texas celebrating the Czech heritage in the city. The 3-day festival is held every Memorial Day weekend. Most of the party halls offer a lunch or dinner with Czech foods such as klobása (sausage), sauerkraut, and koláče, as well as live entertainment with traditional polka music and dancing.[5] Josef Lidumil Lesikar (1806-1887) was instrumental in organizing two groups of about 160 Czechs to immigrate to Texas in 1851 and 1853. Although about half of the first group died, Lesikar, his wife, and their four sons reached Galveston with the second group on board the Suwa in late December 1853. The family bought farmland in New Bremen, Austin County. The men felled trees and built a log house that still stands, with a Texas historical marker before it. Lesikar wrote articles for periodicals published in various parts of the United States as well as in his native land, and his writings encouraged many Czechs to come to America. As one of the founders of {{lang|cs|Národní hoviny}}, a Czech newspaper published in St. Louis, he helped to lay the foundation for Czech journalism in America. In his writing he opposed secession. He died on October 21, 1887, near New Ulm and is buried in the New Ulm Cemetery. [6] The available literature about Texas Czechs and their history has expanded with advent of self-publishing, which has made it possible for amateur historians to distribute their works. One author has declared Mr. Albert Blaha of Houston "the Father of Texas Czech History", saying that "He is our own František Palacký."[7] Naše Dějiny, "a magazine of Texas Czech genealogy, history and culture" was founded in 1983.[7] The Library of the SPJST (Slavonic Benevolent Order of the State of Texas), founded in Temple in 1963, has holdings which "include over 20,000 volumes, the vast majority of which deal with Czech or Texas Czech topics."[7] In 2013, The Texas Czech Genealogical Society hosted the "From Generation to Generation Research Conference" for those interested in exploring Czech ancestry.[8] In 2017 HR1229[9] was submitted in the Texas Legislature by State Representative James White and it stated "That the House of Representatives of the 85th Texas Legislature here by recognize September 30, 2017, as Czech Heritage Day in Texas and honor the contributions of Czechs and people of Czech descent to this state." Texas Czech dialect12,805 Texans can speak the Czech language.[1]
See also
References1. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.usefoundation.org/userdata/file/Research/Languages/czech.pdf |title=Czech language |publisher=U.S. English |accessdate=2013-05-11}} 2. ^1 {{Cite web| last = Oommen| first = Sheena| title = The Czech Texans - Texas Czechs - Vìtáme Vás Na Texas| work = Cultural Crossroads, regional and historical perspectives. Houston Institute for Cultre| accessdate = 2013-06-02| url = http://www.houstonculture.org/cr/czechs.html}} 3. ^{{Cite journal| volume = 47| issue = 4 (Winter, 2003)| pages = 648–676| last = Dutkova-Cope| first = Lida| title = Texas Czech Ethnic Identity: So How Czech Are You, Really?| journal = The Slavic and East European Journal| date = 2003| jstor = 3220250| doi = 10.2307/3220250}} 4. ^{{Cite web| title = The Czech Heritage Society of Texas| accessdate = 2013-06-02| url = http://www.czechheritage.org/home.html}} 5. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.nationalpolkafestival.com/|title=National Polka Festival|date=|accessdate=2012-05-12|publisher=National Polka Festival}} 6. ^{{Cite journal|last=Hanak|first=Miroslav John|last2=Machann|first2=Clinton|last3=Mendl|first3=James W.|date=1985|title=Krasna Amerika: A Study of the Texas Czechs, 1851-1939|journal=MELUS|volume=12|issue=3|pages=113|doi=10.2307/467125|issn=0163-755X|jstor=467125}} 7. ^1 2 "From the Historiography of Czech Texas," Czechoslovak and Central European Journal, published by the Czechoslovak Society of Arts and Sciences, Summer/Winter 1990, pp. 134-143. 8. ^Texas Czech Genealogical Society 9. ^ 10. ^{{Cite web| title = Vanishing Voices: Linguists work with remaining speakers of dying languages to preserve cultural memories| work = University of Texas at Austin| accessdate = 2013-06-02| date = 2010-01-11| url = https://www.utexas.edu/features/2010/01/11/dying_languages/}} 11. ^{{Cite web|title=2006 KJT Website Homepage |accessdate=2013-06-02 |url=http://www.kjtnet.org/Culture.htm |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120113065845/http://www.kjtnet.org/Culture.htm |archivedate=January 13, 2012 }} 12. ^{{Cite book| last = Cope| first = Lida| title = Creating a Digital Archive of Texas Czech: Applied Documentation for the Community, Education, and Research| accessdate = 2013-06-02| url = http://www.aatseel.org/100111/pdf/4b9_2_cope.pdf}} 13. ^{{Cite book| publisher = Texas State Historical Association (TSHA)| last = Machann| first = Clinton| title = The Handbook of Texas Online| chapter = CZECHS| accessdate = 2013-06-02| chapterurl = http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/plc02}}
External links
| title = Czech Texans | work = Texas Almanac | accessdate = 2013-06-02 | url = http://www.texasalmanac.com/topics/culture/czech/czech-texans }}
| title = The Czech Heritage Society of Texas | accessdate = 2013-06-02 | url = http://www.czechheritage.org/home.html }}
| title = Welcome Czechs of Texas and Czechs worldwide! | work = texasczechs.com | accessdate = 2013-06-02 | url = http://www.texasczechs.com/ }}
| title = The Czech Educational Foundation of Texas | accessdate = 2013-06-02 | url = http://ceft.us/history.htm }}
2 : Czech-American culture in Texas|Czech American |
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