| 词条 | Daimler Straight-Eight engines |
| 释义 |
| name =Twenty-Five 3¾-litres V 26 engine | image = | caption = | manufacturer = The Daimler Company Limited | aka = | production =early 1934 to September 1935 | predecessor =3.7-litre Double-Six 30 | successor =Thirty-Two V 4½ | configuration =8-cylinder in-line[1] | displacement = {{convert|3746|cc|cuin|1|abbr=on}}[1] | bore ={{convert|72|mm|in|abbr=on}}[1] | stroke ={{convert|115|mm|in|abbr=on}}[1] | block =aluminium alloy. 9-bearing crankshaft with vibration damper[2] | head =one-piece detachable | valvetrain =OHV worked by pushrods from a nine-bearing camshaft-in-block, timing is mounted at the back of the block{{Sfn|Smith|1972|p=88}} | compression =5.5:1{{Sfn|Smith|1972|p=88}} | fuelsystem =Stromberg twin downdraught carburettor with cleaner and silencer, mixture thermostatically controlled (automatic choke). The induction system is split; four central cylinders are fed by one section, outer pairs by the other section.[2]{{Sfn|Smith|1972|p=88}} | management = | fueltype =petrol supplied by mechanical pump[7] | oilsystem = | coolingsystem = water, pump and fan, thermostatically controlled[7] | power ={{convert|90|bhp|kW PS|abbr=on}}{{Sfn|Smith|1972|p=88}} @3,600 rpm (claimed) Tax rating 25.7 hp[7] | specpower = | torque = | length = | width = | height = | diameter = | weight = }} Daimler Straight-Eight engines were eight-cylinder in-line petrol engines made by the Daimler Company to power the largest and most expensive cars in their range. The Straight-Eight engines replaced Daimler's earlier Double-Six V12 engines. Unlike the Double-Six engines, which used sleeve valves based on the Knight patents, the Straight-Eights used conventional poppet valves in the overhead valve configuration. Three series of Straight-Eight engines were built between 1934 and the outbreak of the Second World War in 1939; another series, the DE36, was built after the war from 1946 to 1953. OriginThe Straight-Eight engine was announced by The Daimler Company Limited on 1 May 1934 with its first vehicle, Daimler's new Twenty-Five saloon and limousine. The new engine was the first of a series intended to replace Daimler's outmoded large sleeve-valve six-cylinder and twelve-cylinder engines. The sleeve-valve engines with silence and great low-speed torque were unable to spin fast enough to make full use of new combustion technology and remain reliable.[3] These new engines were intended to run comfortably at 4,000 rpm.{{Sfn|Smith|1972|p=88}} The general aim with the engine was "to give the greatest luxury in travel as expressed by quietness, smoothness, flexibility, and general ease and safety of control rather than great speed".[3] While a great deal of useful experience had been acquired by Daimler from Lanchester, who were still building their overhead camshaft straight-eight when they were purchased in 1931, the Daimler Straight-Eight is not a copy.{{Sfn|Smith|1972|pp=85–86}} Twenty-Five V 26In the Daimler Twenty-Five the straight-eight was mounted using their Daimler-patented bi-axial design by which flexible support is given to the engine at five points. The gearbox was also held with rubber at three points and one underneath.[3] The one-piece cylinder-head had the spark plugs sunk into it at an angle along the nearside. The make and break and the distributor were set almost vertically at the side of the block. Alongside was the coil with a spare mounted beside it. The generator on the offside shares a triple belt drive with the water pump and the radiator cooling fan.[3] The crankshaft was fully counterbalanced, mounted in nine main bearings, and fitted with a vibration damper. The valves, like other poppet valve Daimlers, had wide clearances, in some cases more than {{convert|0.060|in|mm|2}}. They were overhead and driven by pushrods from a chain driven camshaft taking power from the rear end of the crankshaft.{{Sfn|Smith|1972|p=88}} Increased engine sizeIn September 1935 it was announced that the cylinder bore was now increased to 80 mm increasing the engine's capacity from 3.746 to 4.624 litres following the 25% reduction in horsepower tax which took effect on 1 January 1935. intended to provide improved performance but more important lighter running for the engines and a consequent extension of silent and comfortable service. The tax horsepower rating is now 31.74.[14] {{Clear}}Thirty-Two V 4½{{Infobox automobile engine| name =Thirty-Two 4½-litre V 4½ engine | image = | manufacturer =The Daimler Company Limited | aka = | production =December 1935{{Sfn|Smith|1972|p=92}}- | predecessor =Twenty-Five V 26 | successor =Thirty-Six DE 36 | configuration =8-cylinder in-line{{Sfn|Smith|1972|p=92}} | displacement ={{convert|4624|cc|cuin|1|abbr=on}}{{Sfn|Smith|1972|p=92}} | bore ={{convert|80|mm|in|abbr=on}}{{Sfn|Smith|1972|p=92}} | stroke ={{convert|115|mm|in|abbr=on}}{{Sfn|Smith|1972|p=92}} | block = | head = | valvetrain =OHV worked by pushrods from a nine-bearing camshaft-in-block{{Sfn|Smith|1972|pp=88, 92}} | compression =6:1{{Sfn|Smith|1972|p=92}} | fuelsystem =Stromberg twin downdraught carburettor with cleaner and silencer, mixture thermostatically controlled (automatic choke).[4] | fueltype =petrol | oilsystem = | coolingsystem =water, thermostatically controlled[4] | power =Tax rating 31.74 hp{{Sfn|Smith|1972|p=92}} | specpower = | torque = | length = | width = | height = | diameter = | weight = }} In most respects, the Thirty-Two V 4½ was a bored out version of the V26, which it replaced. The compression ratio was increased to 6 to 1.{{Sfn|Smith|1972|p=92}} These engines were also fitted to a number of chassis made after 1936 which were fitted with a Lanchester radiator and nameplates.{{Sfn|Smith|1972|p=98}} Light Straight-Eight E 3½ and E 4{{Infobox automobile engine| name =Twenty-Six 3½-litre E 3½ engine | image = | manufacturer =The Daimler Company Limited | aka = | production =1936-1937[4] | predecessor = | successor =Twenty-Seven DE 27 | configuration =8-cylinder in-line[5] | displacement ={{convert|3421|cc|cuin|1|abbr=on}}[5] | bore ={{convert|72|mm|in|abbr=on}}[5] | stroke ={{convert|105|mm|in|abbr=on}}[5] | block = | head =non-detachable | valvetrain =OHV worked by pushrods from a nine-bearing camshaft-in-block[5] | compression = | supercharger = | turbocharger = | fuelsystem =Stromberg twin downdraught carburettor with cleaner and silencer, mixture thermostatically controlled (automatic choke). The induction system is split; four central cylinders are fed by one section, outer pairs by the other section.[5] | management = | fueltype = | oilsystem = | coolingsystem =water, thermostatically controlled[5] | power =Tax rating 25.7 hp[5] | specpower = | torque = | length = | width = | height = | diameter = | weight = }} Introduced in 1936, the E 3½ was an entirely new engine to power a livelier car for the owner driver.{{Sfn|Smith|1972|p=100}} During 1935 a 3½-litre Straight-Eight open car achieved a maximum timed speed at Brooklands of slightly in excess of 90 mph.{{Sfn|Smith|1972|p=101}} Increased engine sizeIn August 1938 the engine bore was increased to {{convert|77.47|mm|in|abbr=on}} and the engine was renamed E 4.{{Sfn|Smith|1972|pp=119–120}} The increase in bore increased the following:
Thirty-Six DE 36{{See also|Daimler DE}}{{Infobox automobile engine| name =Thirty-Six 5½-litre DE 36 engine | image = | manufacturer =The Daimler Company Limited | aka = | production = | predecessor =Thirty-Two V 4½ | successor =Regina DF400 and DK400 | configuration =8-cylinder in-line[6] | displacement ={{convert|5460|cc|cuin|1|abbr=on}}[6] | bore ={{convert|85.1|mm|in|abbr=on}}[6] | stroke ={{convert|120|mm|in|abbr=on}}[6] | block = | head = | valvetrain =OHV worked by pushrods[6] from a nine-bearing camshaft-in-block | compression =6.3:1[6] | supercharger = | turbocharger = | fuelsystem =Twin SU downdraught carburettors with cleaner and silencer, mixture thermostatically controlled (automatic choke). The induction system is split; four central cylinders are fed by one section, outer pairs by the other section.[5] | management = | fueltype =petrol, fuel pump AC mechanical[6] | oilsystem =Gear driven pump, Tecalemit full flow filter[6] | coolingsystem =water, thermostatically controlled[6] | power ={{convert|150|bhp|kW PS|abbr=on}} @3,600 rpm,[6] Tax rating 35.92 hp | specpower = | torque = | length = | width = | height = | diameter = | weight = }} The DE 36 was the last Daimler Straight-Eight.{{Sfn|Douglas-Scott-Montagu|Burgess-Wise|1995|p=249}} Developed from the Thirty-Two V 4½,{{Sfn|Sedgwick|1979|p=249}} the DE 36's bore and stroke were, at {{Convert|85.1|x|120.0|mm|in|abbr=on}}, identical to those of the six-cylinder 27 hp (RAC) engine being used in the DE 27 limousine and DC 27 ambulance.{{Sfn|Culshaw|Horrobin|2013|p=116}} {{clear}}Notes1. ^1 2 Cars Of To-Day. The Times, Tuesday, May 29, 1934; pg. 19; Issue 46766 2. ^1 2 New Eight-Cylinder Daimler.The Times, Tuesday, May 01, 1934; pg. 9; Issue 46742. 3. ^1 2 3 New Eight-Cylinder Daimler.The Times, Thursday, May 17, 1934; pg. 13; Issue 46756 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{harvnb|Smith|1972|p={{Page needed|date=December 2014}} }} 5. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Motor-Cars Of 1936. The Times, Saturday, Sep 28, 1935; pg. 6; Issue 47181 6. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Road Test No. 15/47. The Motor, December 17, 1947 (reprinted in {{harvnb|Smith|1972|p=161}}) References
External links{{commons category|Daimler Straight-Eight}}
3 : Daimler engines|Vehicles introduced in 1934|Gasoline engines by model |
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