| 词条 | Powell River, British Columbia | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Powell River | official_name = City of Powell River | native_name = | other_name = | settlement_type = City | image_skyline = Powell River Aerial 2004.jpg | image_caption = Powell River Mill and townsite area of Powell River. The river runs from Powell Lake (background) to the mill. | image_flag = | image_seal = | image_shield = | image_map = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = Canada British Columbia | pushpin_map_caption = Location of Powell River in British Columbia | coordinates = {{coord|49|50|07|N|124|31|29|W|region:CA-BC|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|Canada}} | subdivision_type1 = Province | subdivision_name1 = {{flag|British Columbia}} | subdivision_type2 = Region | subdivision_name2 = Sunshine Coast | subdivision_type3 = Regional District | subdivision_name3 = Powell River | established_title = Established | established_date = 1912 | established_title2 = Incorporated | established_date2 = 1955 | established_title3 = Reincorporated as a City | established_date3 = 2005 | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = David Formosa | leader_title1 = City Council | leader_name1 = {{Collapsible list | title = List of Councillors | frame_style = border:none; padding: 0; | list_style = text-align:left;display:none; | 1 = Russell Brewer | 2 = Maggie Hathaway | 3 = CaroleAnn Leishman | 4 = Jim Palm | 5 = Karen Skadsheim | 6 = Rob Southcott }} | area_total_km2 = 28.91 | area_land_km2 = | area_water_km2 = | area_metro_km2 = 800.72 | elevation_m = 50 | elevation_ft = 164 | population_footnotes = [1] | population_total = 13,157 | population_as_of = 2016 | population_density_km2 = 444.1 | population_metro = 16,783 | population_density_metro_km2 = 21.0 | population_note = District pop = 20,070 | timezone = Pacific Standard (PST) | utc_offset = -8 | timezone_DST = | utc_offset_DST = |postal_code_type = Forward sortation area |postal_code = V8A | area_code = 604 | website = {{URL|http://www.powellriver.ca/siteengine/activepage.asp}} }} Powell River is a city on the northern Sunshine Coast of southwestern British Columbia, Canada.[2] Most of its population lives near the eastern shores of Salish Sea, which is part of the larger Georgia Strait between Vancouver Island and the Mainland. With two intervening long, steep sided fjords inhibiting the construction of a contiguous road connection with Vancouver to the south, geographical surroundings explain Powell River's remoteness as a community, despite a relative proximity to Vancouver and other populous areas of the BC Coast. The city is the location of the head office of the Powell River Regional District. HistoryPrior to the establishment of European settlement in the area, the area was inhabited by Coast Salish peoples, and was used as a landing spot for gold prospectors coming from Vancouver Island who were treading their way to the Fraser River to find quick fortune prior to the creation of the Cariboo Road.{{citation needed|date=June 2013}} The Powell River was named for Israel Wood Powell, who was at that time superintendent of Indian Affairs for BC. He was travelling up the coast of BC in the 1880s and the river and lake were named after him. The pulp mill was started in 1908, with a corresponding townsite company town commenced in 1910: the first roll of paper was produced at Powell River Mill in 1912. Similarly, large logging companies had earlier moved in to take advantage of the huge timber. Brooks, Scanlon & Obrien; Bloedel, Stewart and Welch; and Theodosia Logging were but a few logging companies, with the Brooks brothers and M.J. Scanlon forming the Powell River Company, western Canada's first pulp and paper mill. The Historic Townsite was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 1995, recognizing the exceptionally well preserved early 20th Century planned community, rooted firmly in the Garden City Design Movement and the Arts and Crafts philosophy.[3] When the British Columbia Credit Unions Act was passed in 1939, a study club organized by local millworkers secured the first charter with a deposit of $48.30. The mill provided a small office space at very low rent in the early years. By 1955, when the Powell River Credit Union (now 'First Credit Union') moved into a permanent office, it had over 3,000 members and $1 million in assets.[4] The mill in Powell River was at one time the largest pulp and paper mill in the world. In its prime, one in every 25 newspapers in the world was printed on paper from the Powell River mill. However, since then it has significantly cut back on production and now produces newsprint and specialty papers for Catalyst Paper. The mill is down-sizing, and only three paper machines (#9, #10 and #11) remain in production, thus laying off hundreds of employees. The subsequent diversification of the local economy led to an increased focus on ecotourism and the arts, in addition to more traditional resources like mining, fishing, and general forestry. In recognition of its strong arts and cultural programs, Powell River was named a "Cultural Capital of Canada" in 2004. The Powell River area is the traditional home to the Tla A'min Nation of the Mainland Comox branch of the Coast Salish peoples, who still reside there to this day, although having been forced to relocate from their original village site at the mouth of Powell River to make way for the construction of a power dam and paper mill. Their village is commonly referred to as Sliammon (the usual English adaptation of Tla'Amin). Sports teamsPowell River is host to the Powell River Kings, a member team of the British Columbia Hockey League, and Powell River Villa, who play in the Vancouver Island Soccer League. Powell River also has many youth sports teams and associations. PRYHA is the youth hockey associations with house & rep teams. Powell River's gymnastics association has produced many reputable gymnasts.{{citation needed|date=June 2017}} Powell River's youth baseball league is called the P.R.M.B.A. It consists of six different age groups known as T-Ball, Tadpole, Mosquito, Pee Wee, Bantam, and Midget/Junior.[5] AttractionsHistoric & heritage sitesThe Patricia Theatre is Canada's oldest continuously operating theatre. The theatre was built in 1913 and then rebuilt in 1928. The theatre was built in a Spanish renaissance-style which gave it good acoustics. Powell River Historical Museum depicts the interactions between the pioneers and First Nations as well as showing the tools and items that would have been used by those groups. FestivalsPowell River hosts a number of festivals that highlight local interest and culture, including the Blackberry Festival, Pacific Region International Summer Music Academy (PRISMA) Festival, Townsite Jazz Festival, International Choral Kathaumixw, and the Sunshine Music Festival. Sunshine Coast TrailPowell River is home to the Sunshine Coast Trail,[6] Canada’s longest hut-to-hut hiking trail.[7] The free-access 180 kilometre back-country trail meanders through a wide variety of landscapes, including coastal shorelines, old-growth forest, panoramic mountaintops, pristine creeks and lakes and salmon streams.[8] TransportationWhile not on an island, it is a community isolated by ocean and mountains. Powell River is accessible to vehicles only by ferry—from most of the rest of the continent, a sequence of ferries. The surrounding inlets (fjords) banked by mountainous terrain have made roads to other areas of the BC mainland thus far unfeasible. BC Ferries serves Powell River (Westview Ferry Terminal) from Comox on Vancouver Island to the west, and from the Sunshine Coast to the south east, via a route from Earl's Cove near Skookumchuck Narrows. Since the Sunshine Coast is similarly isolated from the rest of the BC mainland, vehicles from Vancouver must take two ferries to reach Powell River (across Howe Sound and the Jervis Inlet, if travelling via Sechelt; and across Georgia Strait twice if going via Nanaimo). Powell River is also accessible by air—via private plane, or by Pacific Coastal Airlines, which offers 20- to 25-minute flights between Powell River Airport and the South Terminal of Vancouver's International Airport. City of Powell RiverThe City of Powell River includes the original Townsite, which became designated a National Historic District in 1995, one of only 7 in Canada. There is also the more populous Westview, and the Cranberry and Wildwood areas. On October 15, 2005, coinciding with its 50th anniversary of incorporation, Powell River was officially designated a city. Townsite and Cranberry are connected by three roads by the names of Lombardy Ave,[9] Timberlane Ave,[10] and Hemlock Street.[11] DemographicsPowell River had a population of 13,165 people in the 2011 census, which was an increase of 1.6% from the 2006 census count. The median household income in 2005 for Powell River was $46,777, which is below the British Columbia provincial average of $52,709.[12]
GeographyClimate and ecosystemThe city has an exceptional Mediterranean climate of the warm-summer type (Köppen: Csb), resulting in the most northerly location in the homonym hemisphere, being that in Europe it is 5° further south.[15] Although the hot season is dry, the vegetation reflects its location west of the mid-latitudes and who can describe the climate differently being situated within a temperate rainforest,[16] Coastal Western Hemlock biogeoclimatic zone the mild winters and high humidity (although it has a defined dry season) it owns a wide zone of growth with firs, cedars and conifers.[17] On average, the CWH is the rainiest biogeoclimatic zone in British Columbia. The zone typically has a cool mesothermal climate: cool summers (although hot dry spells can be frequent) and mild winters. Mean annual temperature is about {{convert|8|C|abbr=on|1}} and ranges from {{convert|5.2|to|10.5|°C|°F|abbr=on|1}} among the CWH subzones. The mean monthly temperature is above {{convert|10|C|abbr=on}} for 4–6 months of the year. The mean temperature of the coldest month is {{convert|0.2|C|abbr=on|1}} and ranges from {{convert|-6.6|to|4.7|°C|°F|abbr=on|1}} among the subzones. Mean annual precipitation for the zone as a whole is {{convert|2228|mm|abbr=on|1}}, and ranges from {{convert|1000|to|4400|mm|abbr=on|1}} (and probably more in some areas). Less than 15% of total precipitation occurs as snowfall in the south, but as much as 40-50% in the northern parts of the zone.[18] {{Weather box| location = Powell River Airport | metric first = Y | single line = Y | Jan maximum humidex = 13.2 | Feb maximum humidex = 14.9 | Mar maximum humidex = 18 | Apr maximum humidex = 24.8 | May maximum humidex = 35.5 | Jun maximum humidex = 34.5 | Jul maximum humidex = 39.6 | Aug maximum humidex = 34.8 | Sep maximum humidex = 32.9 | Oct maximum humidex = 27.1 | Nov maximum humidex = 17.1 | Dec maximum humidex = 15.1 | year maximum humidex = 39.6 | Jan record high C = 15 | Feb record high C = 17.8 | Mar record high C = 18.9 | Apr record high C = 25.6 | May record high C = 34.1 | Jun record high C = 32.2 | Jul record high C = 34.4 | Aug record high C = 32.8 | Sep record high C = 31.5 | Oct record high C = 24.9 | Nov record high C = 15.6 | Dec record high C = 13.9 | year record high C = 34.4 | Jan high C = 5.8 | Feb high C = 6.9 | Mar high C = 9.4 | Apr high C = 12.8 | May high C = 16.5 | Jun high C = 19.4 | Jul high C = 22.1 | Aug high C = 22.3 | Sep high C = 18.7 | Oct high C = 12.6 | Nov high C = 7.7 | Dec high C = 5.3 | year high C = 13.3 | Jan mean C = 3.6 | Feb mean C = 3.9 | Mar mean C = 5.9 | Apr mean C = 8.6 | May mean C = 11.9 | Jun mean C = 14.9 | Jul mean C = 17.2 | Aug mean C = 17.2 | Sep mean C = 14.1 | Oct mean C = 9.4 | Nov mean C = 5.3 | Dec mean C = 3.1 | year mean C = 9.6 | Jan low C = 1.2 | Feb low C = 0.9 | Mar low C = 2.3 | Apr low C = 4.3 | May low C = 7.3 | Jun low C = 10.4 | Jul low C = 12.3 | Aug low C = 12.1 | Sep low C = 9.4 | Oct low C = 6.1 | Nov low C = 2.8 | Dec low C = 0.9 | year low C = 5.8 | Jan record low C = -16.7 | Feb record low C = -15 | Mar record low C = -12.2 | Apr record low C = -5 | May record low C = -4.4 | Jun record low C = 1.7 | Jul record low C = 3.9 | Aug record low C = 1.7 | Sep record low C = -1.1 | Oct record low C = -5.5 | Nov record low C = -14.4 | Dec record low C = -13.9 | year record low C = -16.7 | Jan chill = -8.7 | Feb chill = -15.8 | Mar chill = -7.8 | Apr chill = -1.9 | May chill = 0 | Jun chill = 0 | Jul chill = 0 | Aug chill = 0 | Sep chill = 0 | Oct chill = -5.2 | Nov chill = -16 | Dec chill = -13 | year chill = -16 | precipitation colour = green | Jan precipitation mm = 158.9 | Feb precipitation mm = 109.4 | Mar precipitation mm = 110.7 | Apr precipitation mm = 83.3 | May precipitation mm = 76.6 | Jun precipitation mm = 67.6 | Jul precipitation mm = 37.5 | Aug precipitation mm = 45.3 | Sep precipitation mm = 54.7 | Oct precipitation mm = 125.8 | Nov precipitation mm = 178 | Dec precipitation mm = 157.8 | year precipitation mm = 1205.4 | rain colour = green | Jan rain mm = 145.7 | Feb rain mm = 101.9 | Mar rain mm = 104.2 | Apr rain mm = 83.2 | May rain mm = 76.6 | Jun rain mm = 67.6 | Jul rain mm = 37.5 | Aug rain mm = 45.3 | Sep rain mm = 54.7 | Oct rain mm = 125.5 | Nov rain mm = 171.6 | Dec rain mm = 146.5 | year rain mm = 1160 | Jan snow cm = 13.6 | Feb snow cm = 7.8 | Mar snow cm = 6.8 | Apr snow cm = 0.1 | May snow cm = 0 | Jun snow cm = 0 | Jul snow cm = 0 | Aug snow cm = 0 | Sep snow cm = 0 | Oct snow cm = 0.3 | Nov snow cm = 6.5 | Dec snow cm = 11.5 | year snow cm = 46.5 | Jan humidity = 85.3 | Feb humidity = 76.2 | Mar humidity = 69.5 | Apr humidity = 61 | May humidity = 58.5 | Jun humidity = 59.1 | Jul humidity = 57 | Aug humidity = 57.5 | Sep humidity = 63.3 | Oct humidity = 75.8 | Nov humidity = 83.5 | Dec humidity = 86.5 | year humidity = 69.4 | unit precipitation days = 0.2 mm | Jan precipitation days = 20.2 | Feb precipitation days = 16.2 | Mar precipitation days = 19.3 | Apr precipitation days = 16.4 | May precipitation days = 13.8 | Jun precipitation days = 11.5 | Jul precipitation days = 8 | Aug precipitation days = 7.8 | Sep precipitation days = 9.3 | Oct precipitation days = 17.4 | Nov precipitation days = 21.3 | Dec precipitation days = 20.5 | year precipitation days = 181.6 | unit rain days = 0.2 mm | Jan rain days = 18.9 | Feb rain days = 15 | Mar rain days = 18.9 | Apr rain days = 16.4 | May rain days = 13.8 | Jun rain days = 11.5 | Jul rain days = 8 | Aug rain days = 7.8 | Sep rain days = 9.3 | Oct rain days = 17.3 | Nov rain days = 20.6 | Dec rain days = 19.2 | year rain days = 176.7 | unit snow days = 0.2 cm | Jan snow days = 3.2 | Feb snow days = 2.1 | Mar snow days = 1.5 | Apr snow days = 0 | May snow days = 0 | Jun snow days = 0 | Jul snow days = 0 | Aug snow days = 0 | Sep snow days = 0 | Oct snow days = 0.1 | Nov snow days = 1.6 | Dec snow days = 3.2 | year snow days = 11.7 | Jan sun = 42.8 | Feb sun = 78.5 | Mar sun = 128.7 | Apr sun = 178.1 | May sun = 226.9 | Jun sun = 224.3 | Jul sun = 279.6 | Aug sun = 263.9 | Sep sun = 207.1 | Oct sun = 110.9 | Nov sun = 47.9 | Dec sun = 35.2 | year sun = 1823.7 | Jan percentsun = 16 | Feb percentsun = 27.6 | Mar percentsun = 35 | Apr percentsun = 43.2 | May percentsun = 47.6 | Jun percentsun = 46 | Jul percentsun = 56.8 | Aug percentsun = 58.9 | Sep percentsun = 54.6 | Oct percentsun = 33.1 | Nov percentsun = 17.5 | Dec percentsun = 13.9 | year percentsun = 37.5 | source 1 = [19]|date=9 March 2013 }} EducationA regional campus of Vancouver Island University is located in Powell River. The Powell River School Board (School District 47 Powell River) operates eight schools which includes Brooks Secondary School (high school), James Thomson, Henderson, Edgehill, Grief Point (now the location of Powell River Christian School), Kelly Creek, and Texada (elementaries) as well as Westview Learning Centre. In 2013, A brand new $15.6 million Elementary school named Westview Elementary was opened. It is the replacement of the old Grief Point School. The Conseil scolaire francophone de la Colombie-Britannique operates two Francophone schools: école Côte-du-soleil (primary and junior high school) and école secondaire Brooks.[20] Private Other elementary schools in the region include Assumption Catholic School (K-9) and Powell River Christian School (Pre-School, K-9). Power supplyEast of Saltery Bay, a powerline crosses Jervis Inlet on a span of 3.1 kilometres (1.9 mi). See also
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=5927008&Geo2=CD&Code2=5927&Data=Count&SearchText=Powell%20River&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=59&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1|title=Population and Dwelling Counts|accessdate=2013-02-19}} 2. ^BC Names/GeoBC entry "Powell River (town)" 3. ^{{CRHP|10728|Powell River Townsite Historic District|28 January 2012}} 4. ^First Credit Union website 5. ^{{cite web|title=Powell River Minor Baseball Association|url=http://prmba.com/|website=Powell River Minor Baseball Association}} 6. ^Sunshine Coast Trail | Hut-to-hut hiking | Powell River 7. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/life/travel/activities-and-interests/testing-your-limits-on-vancouver-islands-west-coast-trail/article30625353/|title=Testing your limits on Vancouver Island’s West Coast Trail|last=Mosteller|first=Matt|date=2016-07-04|website=The Globe and Mail|publisher=|access-date=2016-08-09}} 8. ^{{Cite web|url=http://news.nationalpost.com/life/travel/from-the-trails-to-the-food-everythings-fresher-on-b-c-s-sunshine-coast|title=From the trails to the food, everything's fresher on B.C.'s Sunshine Coast|last=Mundy|first=Jane|date=2016-05-25|website=National Post|publisher=Postmedia News|access-date=2016-08-09}} 9. ^{{cite web|title=Lombardy Ave|url=https://www.google.ca/maps/place/Lombardy+Ave,+Powell+River,+BC+V8A/@49.8737456,-124.5470541,19z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m2!3m1!1s0x5487e41f3dba9443:0x3e476c67edfb12d2|website=https://www.google.ca/maps}} 10. ^{{cite web|title=Timberlane Ave|url=https://www.google.ca/maps/place/5403+Timberlane+Ave,+Powell+River,+BC+V8A/@49.8648204,-124.5423045,18z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m2!3m1!1s0x5487e6a6b236d117:0xf0d3e6be35fb5ed9|website=https://www.google.ca/maps}} 11. ^{{cite web|title=Winky Wonk/Hemlock Street|url=https://www.google.ca/maps/place/5402+Hemlock+St,+Powell+River,+BC+V8A+4J8/@49.8629148,-124.5414295,17z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m2!3m1!1s0x5487e6a44116720f:0x7e9da317941ba192|website=https://www.google.ca/maps}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://census2006.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/prof/92-591/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=5927008&Geo2=PR&Code2=48&Data=Count&SearchText=Powell%20River&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom=|title=Powell River, British Columbia - Detailed City Profile|accessdate=2009-10-01}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/prof/92-591/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=5915025&Geo2=PR&Code2=59&Data=Count&SearchText=Burnaby&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=Visible%20minority&Custom= |title=Community Profiles from the 2006 Census, Statistics Canada - Census Subdivision |publisher=2.statcan.gc.ca |date=2010-12-06 |accessdate=2013-04-13}} 14. ^{{cite web|url=http://www12.statcan.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/hlt/97-558/pages/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo=CSD&Code=59&Table=1&Data=Count&Sex=1&Age=1&StartRec=26&Sort=2&Display=Page&CSDFilter=5000 |title=Aboriginal Peoples - Data table |publisher=2.statcan.ca |date=2010-10-06 |accessdate=2013-04-13}} 15. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.plantmaps.com/koppen-climate-classification-map-north-america.php|title=Interactive North America Koppen-Geiger Climate Classification Map|website=www.plantmaps.com|access-date=2019-03-08}} 16. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.plantmaps.com/koppen-climate-classification-map-north-america.php|title=Interactive North America Koppen-Geiger Climate Classification Map|website=www.plantmaps.com|access-date=2019-03-08}} 17. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.crd.bc.ca/education/our-environment/ecosystems/terrestrial/coastal-western-hemlock|title=Coastal Western Hemlock|date=2013-11-14|website=www.crd.bc.ca|language=en|access-date=2019-03-08}} 18. ^{{cite book|last=Vern Meidinger|first=Dellis |author2=Jim Pojar |title=Ecosystems of British Columbia|publisher=Research Branch, Ministry of Forests, 1991|year=1991|pages=330|isbn=978-0-7718-8997-4|url=http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/Docs/Srs/Srs06.htm|accessdate=2009-07-11}} 19. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.climate.weatheroffice.gc.ca/climate_normals/station_metadata_e.html?StnId=327 |title=Calculation Information for 1981 to 2010 Canadian Normals Data |publisher=Environment Canada |accessdate=July 9, 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://archive.is/20140127214857/http://www.climate.weatheroffice.gc.ca/climate_normals/station_metadata_e.html?StnId=327 |archivedate=January 27, 2014 |df= }} 20. ^"Carte des écoles." Conseil scolaire francophone de la Colombie-Britanique. Retrieved on 22 January 2015. External links{{Commons category}}{{wikivoyage|Powell River}}
5 : Powell River, British Columbia|Populated places on the British Columbia Coast|Heritage sites in British Columbia|National Historic Sites in British Columbia|Road-inaccessible communities of Canada |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 随便看 |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。