| 词条 | Dasymutilla occidentalis |
| 释义 |
| image = Dasymutilla occidentalis (female).jpg | image_caption = Female | image2 = Dasymutilla occidentalis (male) rotated.jpg | image2_caption = Male | regnum = Animalia | phylum = Arthropoda | classis = Insecta | ordo = Hymenoptera | subordo = Apocrita | superfamilia = Vespoidea | familia = Mutillidae | subfamilia = Sphaeropthalminae | genus = Dasymutilla | species = D. occidentalis | binomial = Dasymutilla occidentalis | binomial_authority = (Linnaeus, 1758) }}Dasymutilla occidentalis (red velvet ant or eastern velvet ant), is a species of parasitoid wasp native to the eastern United States. It is commonly mistaken for a member of the true ant family, as the female is wingless. The species ranges from Connecticut to Missouri in the north and Florida to Texas in the south. Other common names include cow ant and cow killer.[1][2][3] The eastern velvet ant is the largest of the velvet ant species in the United States, attaining an approximate length of 0.75 in (1.9 cm). Adults display aposematic coloration, consisting of black overall coloring with an orange-red pattern on the dorsal surface of the thorax and abdomen. They are covered in dense, velvet-like hair.[2][3] Females are capable of an extremely painful sting, hence the name "cow killer".[3] They are quick-moving and often take a defensive posture when threatened. They seek out the brood cells of Eastern cicada killers and other large ground-nesting members of Crabronidae, where they deposit an egg onto a host larva. The egg quickly hatches into a white, legless grub, which consumes the host and goes through several larval stages prior to pupa formation. Unlike the females, males have dark, translucent wings and do not deliver a sting.[1][2] Appearance and featuresCommonly mistaken for an ant, because of its appearance and its common name, it is actually a species of wasp in which the females are wingless. It can be recognized by its black and orange-red striped coloring. When looking for food and a place to nest, females crawl rapidly along the ground. They also make a squeaking noise to communicate concern. Males fly low over grass in search of female mates. One is able to determine males from females by whether the specimen has wings, as only males have wings, and whether the specimen can sting, because only females have the ability to sting.[4] DefenseThe velvet ant has multiple defensive strategies, but is best known for its painful sting,[5] earning it the nickname of "cow killer".[4] Its defenses include the ability to run fast and evasively, warning coloration, stridulatory sounds, a chemical secretion, and venom.[6] References1. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://bugguide.net/node/view/13126 |title=Species Dasymutilla occidentalis |work=Bugguide |publisher=Iowa State University |accessdate=September 12, 2011}} 2. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://insects.tamu.edu/fieldguide/cimg344.html |title=Red Velvet Ant or "Cow Killer" |work=Texas AgriLife Extension Service: A Field Guide To Common Texas Insects |publisher=Texas A&M University |accessdate=September 12, 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110902230354/http://insects.tamu.edu/fieldguide/cimg344.html |archivedate=September 2, 2011 |df= }} 3. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://www.uark.edu/ua/arthmuse/cowkil.html |title=Red velvet ant; cow killer |work=Arthropod Museum |publisher=University of Arkansas: Division of Agriculture |accessdate=September 12, 2011}} 4. ^1 {{Cite journal|last=Jackman|first=John|year=|title=Venomous Terrestrial Animals of Texas|url=|journal=|publisher=Texas A&M University System|volume=|pages=|via=}} 5. ^{{cite journal |last1=Ferguson |title=A pharmacotoxicologic study of Dasymutilla occidentalis venom |journal=Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine |date=2009 |volume=23 |issue=4 |pages=20–34}} 6. ^{{Cite journal|last=Schmidt|first=Justin O.|last2=Blum|first2=Murray S.|year=1977|title=Adaptations and Responses of Dasymutilla occidentalis (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) to Predators|journal=Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata|language=en|volume=21|issue=2|pages=99–111|doi=10.1111/j.1570-7458.1977.tb02663.x|issn=1570-7458}} External links
4 : Mutillidae|Hymenoptera of North America|Insects of the United States|Aposematic species |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。