| 词条 | David Waltz |
| 释义 |
| name = David Leigh Waltz | image = | image_size = 101 | caption= | birth_date = {{Birth date |1943|05|28}} | birth_place = Boston, Massachusetts, U.S. | death_date = {{Death date and age|2012|03|22|1943|05|28|df=yes}} | death_place = Princeton, New Jersey, U.S. | citizenship = U.S. | residence = U.S. | thesis_title = Generating Semantic Description from Drawings of Scenes with Shadows | thesis_year = 1972 | thesis_url = http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/41205 | field = Computer science | prizes = Fellow of the ACM | doctoral_advisor = Patrick Winston[1] | doctoral_students = Tim Finin Stephen E. Cross Ron Sun[1] | influences = Marvin Minsky | work_institution = Columbia university NEC Research Brandeis University Thinking Machines Corporation University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign | alma_mater = Massachusetts Institute of Technology | website = {{URL|http://www.cs.columbia.edu/~waltz}} }}David Leigh Waltz (28 May 1943 – 22 March 2012) was a computer scientist who made significant contributions in several areas of artificial intelligence, including constraint satisfaction, case-based reasoning and the application of massively parallel computation to AI problems.[2] He held positions in academia and industry and at the time of his death, was a professor of Computer Science at Columbia University where he directed the Center for Computational Learning Systems.[3][4][5][6][7] EducationWaltz was born in Boston, Massachusetts in 1943. He attended the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) where, as a student of artificial intelligence pioneer Marvin Minsky, he was part of the MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory and received S.B. (1965), M.S. (1968) and Ph.D. (1972) degrees, all in Electrical Engineering. His Ph.D. dissertation on computer vision[8] initiated the field of constraint propagation,[9] which allowed a computer program to generate a detailed three-dimensional view of an object given a two dimensional drawing with shadows. CareerFollowing his graduate work at MIT in 1972, Waltz became a professor of computer science at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. In 1984 he joined Thinking Machines Corporation where he led the Knowledge Representation and Natural Language (KRNL) group. There, his access to massively parallel supercomputers enabled him to work on new methods for information retrieval involving comparisons to large amounts of data. With Craig Stanfill, he originated the field of memory-based reasoning branch of case-based reasoning. His research interests also included massively parallel information retrieval, data mining, learning and automatic classification with applications protein structure prediction, and natural language processing and machine learning applications applied to the electric power grid. While at Thinking Machines, Waltz was also a Professor of Computer Science at Brandeis University. In 1993 Waltz left Thinking Machines to join NEC Research Institute in Princeton, where he eventually rose to become President of NEC Research. Waltz joined Columbia University in 2003 as the Director of the Center for Computational Learning Systems. Waltz served as president of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI) from 1997 to 1999 and is the former Chairman of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) Special Interest Group on Artificial Intelligence (SIGART). He was on the Advisory Board for IEEE Intelligent Systems, and the board of the Computing Community Consortium of the Computing Research Association, and National Science Foundation (NSF) Computer Science Advisory Board. He was on the Army Research Lab Technical Advisory Board and the Advisory Board of the Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, the Technical Advisory Board of Cork Constraint Computation Center (4C), Ireland, and served on recent external advisory boards for Rutgers University, Carnegie Mellon University, Brown University, and École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL). AwardsWaltz was elected a Fellow of Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI) in 1990[10] and a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery in 1998.[11] In 2011 he was selected as the recipient of the AAAI Distinguished Service Award for extraordinary and sustained service to the artificial intelligence community. Personal lifeDavid Waltz was married to Bonnie (Freedson) Waltz in 1970. They had two children, Vanessa Waltz (born 1972) and Jeremy Waltz (born 1975). In addition to his dedication to the scientific community, he was an extremely devoted husband and father, and his wife and children traveled regularly with him to many conferences and professional engagements throughout his career. Jeremy and wife Kathy had granddaughter Hannah in 2003, at which point "The Dude" became Waltz's nickname among family and friends. DeathDavid Waltz died in the University Medical Center at Princeton, New Jersey on March 22, 2012 from brain cancer; he was 68 years old.[12][13] Besides his wife, Bonnie Waltz, he is survived by a brother, Peter; a son, Jeremy; a daughter, Vanessa Waltz, and a granddaughter. References1. ^1 {{MathGenealogy|name=David Leigh Waltz}} {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Waltz, David L.}}2. ^{{cite web|author= Mar 22 2012 |url=http://www.engineering.columbia.edu/memoriam-david-l-waltz-ccls-director |title=In Memoriam: David L. Waltz, CCLS Director | The Fu Foundation School of Engineering & Applied Science - Columbia University |publisher=Engineering.columbia.edu |date= |accessdate=2012-03-23}} 3. ^{{Cite journal | last1 = Waltz | first1 = David| authorlink1 = David Waltz | last2 = Buchanan | first2 = Bruce G. | doi = 10.1126/science.1172781 | title = Automating Science: Computers with intelligence can design and run experiments, but learning from the results to generate subsequent experiments requires even more intelligence | journal = Science | volume = 324 | issue = 5923 | pages = 43–44 | year = 2009 | pmid = 19342574 | pmc = }} 4. ^Understanding line drawings of scenes with shadows, in The Psychology of Computer Vision, P. H. Winston (Ed.), 1975 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.cs.columbia.edu/~waltz/ |title=David Waltz's Home Page |format= |work= |archivedate=2013-06-05 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6H98kltIG?url=http://www.cs.columbia.edu/~waltz/ |deadurl=yes |df= }} 6. ^{{Cite journal | last1 = Waltz | first1 = D. | last2 = Pollack | first2 = J. | doi = 10.1016/S0364-0213(85)80009-4 | title = Massively parallel parsing: A strongly interactive model of natural language interpretation | journal = Cognitive Science | volume = 9 | pages = 51 | year = 1985 | pmid = | pmc = }} 7. ^{{DBLP|name=David L. Waltz}} 8. ^{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=David Leigh|last=Waltz |title=Generating Semantic Description from Drawings of Scenes with Shadows |publisher=Massachusetts Institute of Technology |date=1972 |url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/302626861|authorlink=David Waltz}} 9. ^https://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/24/science/david-l-waltz-computer-science-pioneer-dies-at-68.html David L. Waltz, Computer Science Pioneer, Dies at 68, New York Times on-line, March 23, 2012, retrieved March 25, 2012 10. ^Current AAAI Fellows 11. ^David L. Waltz elected ACM Fellow 12. ^{{cite web |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/24/science/david-l-waltz-computer-science-pioneer-dies-at-68.html | title=David L. Waltz, Computer Science Pioneer, Dies at 68 | work=The New York Times | date = 2012-03-23 | accessdate = 2012-03-24}} 13. ^{{cite web |url= http://engineering.columbia.edu/memoriam-david-l-waltz-ccls-director | title=In Memoriam: David L. Waltz, CCLS Director | work=Columbia Engineering | date = 2012-03-22 | accessdate = 2012-03-24}} 9 : American computer scientists|Fellows of the Association for Computing Machinery|Fellows of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence|Artificial intelligence researchers|Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni|2012 deaths|1943 births|Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition people|Presidents of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence |
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