| 词条 | Davos University Conferences |
| 释义 |
| name = Davos University Conferences | native_name = Cours universitaires de Davos | named_after = | image = | image_size = | alt = | caption = | map = | map_size = | map_alt = | map_caption = | map2 = | map2_size = | map2_alt = | map2_caption = | abbreviation = | motto = | predecessor = | merged = | successor = | formation = August 1927 | founder = | founding_location = | extinction = January 1933 | merger = | type = Academic conferences | status = | purpose = | headquarters = | location = Davos, Switzerland | region = | services = | methods = | fields = | membership = | language = French, German, English | sec_gen = | leader_title = | leader_name = Gottfried Salomon | leader_title2 = | leader_name2 = | leader_title3 = | leader_name3 = | leader_title4 = | leader_name4 = | board_of_directors = | key_people = Albert Einstein, Martin Heidegger, Léon Brunschvicg, Ernst Cassirer | main_organ = | parent_organization = | subsidiaries = | secessions = | affiliations = | budget = | revenue = | disbursements = | expenses = | endowment = | staff = | volunteers = | slogan = | mission = | remarks = | formerly = | footnotes = }} The Davos University Conferences ({{lang-fr|Cours universitaires de Davos}}; {{lang-de|Davoser Hochschulkurse}}) were a project between 1928 and 1931 to create an international university at Davos in Switzerland.[1] OriginsThe Davos University Conferences owed their creation to two complementary initiatives, one local and one international. Local initiativeInternational initiativeThe Davos project coincided with warming international relations,[4] particularly between France and the Weimar Republic (Germany) after the Locarno Pact of 1925.[5] The French intelligentsia wholeheartedly participated in projects of the International Committee on Intellectual Cooperation, but the Germans, who were excluded from it by the Treaty of Versailles, instead founded the {{lang|de|Deutsch-französische Gesellschaft}} (DFG, "German-French Society").[6] German intellectuals who wanted to participate in international academic conferences approached the Davos initiators and redefined their university project to become an annual conference.[7] OrganisationA committee made up of local and visiting academics was assembled under the chairmanship of Dr Paul Müller (instigator of the Spengler coup in 1923), the sociologist Gottfried Salomon (1892 – 1964), president of the Frankfurt DFG, and Erhard Branger (1881 – 1958), mayor of Davos, who made it their mission to invite élite Europeanan intellectuals to Davos for weeks of work and exchange of ideas. The committee was augmented in 1929 by three national committees (German, French and Swiss). EstablishmentFor four consecutive years, between 1928 and 1931, the committee convened a large number of important intellectuals,[8] mainly German and French, for conferences (in both languages) lasting three weeks at the end of winter. These academics were accompanied by promising students in a programme of {{lang|fr|communautés de travail}} ("Work communities") and as well as the conferences themselves there were opportunities to get to know academics from other countries who were working in the same field. Conferences1928The first Conference was opened by Erhard Branger (mayor of Davos), Lucien Lévy-Bruhl (French philosopher and sociologist), Hans Driesch (German philosopher) and Albert Einstein.[8] Presenters1929The second conference was opened by Giuseppe Motta (Federal Council). It was noted for the "Davos Dispute" between Martin Heidegger and Ernst Cassirer.[8] PresentersStudents1930The third conference was opened by Federal Councillor Heinrich Häberlin.[8] It was the first conference to be conducted partly in English. Presenters1931PresentersDisestablishmentThe 1932 conference could not be held because of the Great Depression. Adolf Hitler's ascension and granting of absolute power on 30 January 1933, led to the exile of many German intellectuals and put an end to Franco-German co-operation in science, which made it impossible to continue the conferences.[10] ReferencesFurther reading
Notes1. ^Grandjean, Martin, Les cours universitaires de Davos 1928-1931. Au centre de l'Europe intellectuelle, University of Lausanne, 2011. [https://serval.unil.ch/?id=serval:BIB_S_000000015950 BIB_S_000000015950] 2. ^{{cite news|last=Kollarits|first=Dr.|title=Letter|work=Davoser Revue|date=15 April 1926|issue=7}} 3. ^{{cite book|last=Jost|first=Christian|language=de|title=Der Einfluss des Fremdenverkehrs auf Wirtschaft und Bevölkerung in der Landschaft Davos|place=Davos|publisher=Buchdrückerei Davos|date=1951}} 4. ^{{cite book|last=Bock|first=Hans Manfred|language=fr|title=Entre Locarno et Vichy: les relations culturelles franco-allemandes dans les années 1930|place=Paris|publisher=CNRS éditions|date=1993}} 5. ^{{cite book|last=Baechler|first=Christian|title=Gustave Stresemann (1878-1929) De l’impérialisme à la sécurité collective|language=French|place=Strasbourg|publisher=Presses Universitaires de Strasbourg|date=1996}} 6. ^{{cite book|last=Bock|first=Hans Manfred|title=Die Deutsch-Französische Gesellschaft 1926 bis 1934, Ein Beitrag zur Sozialgeschichte der deutsch-französischen Beziehungen der Zwischenkriegszeit|language=de|chapter=Francia|date=1990|pages=57–102}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://pegasusdata.com/2012/05/28/analyse-de-reseau-et-methode-quantitative-en-histoire/|title=Analyse de réseau|accessdate=6 September 2012|language=fr}} 8. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite book|title=Davoser Blätter|trans-title=Davos Diary. 1928 – 1931|publisher=Swiss National Library|place=Bern}} (available only at the National Library, Ref 7q107). 9. ^See for example {{cite book|last=Gordon|first=Peter Eli|title=Continental divide : Heidegger, Cassirer, Davos|place=Cambridge, Massachusetts|publisher=Harvard University Press|date=2010|page=426}} and {{cite book|last=Friedmann|first=Michael|title=A Parting of the Ways. Carnap, Cassirer, and Heidegger|place=Chicago|publisher=Open Court|date=2000|page=175}} 10. ^{{cite book|last=Richard|first=Lionel|chapter=Aspects des relations intellectuelles et universitaires entre la France et l'Germany dans les années vingt|editor-last=Bariety et. al.|editor-first=J.|title=La France et l’Germany entre deux guerres mondiales|language=French|place=Nancy|publisher=Presses Universitaires de Nancy|date=1987|pages=112–124}} 5 : Higher education in Switzerland|1928 establishments in Switzerland|Davos|Educational institutions established in 1927|Educational institutions disestablished in 1931 |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。