请输入您要查询的百科知识：

　

词条 Presidential Commission (United States)
释义

  1. List of Presidential Commissions

  2. See also

  3. References

  4. Further reading

{{POV|date=March 2014}}

In the United States, a Presidential Commission is a special task force ordained by the President to complete a specific, special investigation or research. They are often quasi-judicial in nature; that is, they include public or in-camera hearings.

Presidential Commissions often serve one of two political purposes: to draw attention to a problem (the publication of a report by a commission can generally be counted on to draw attention from the media, depending on how its release is handled); or, on the other hand, to delay action on an issue (if the President wants to avoid taking action but still look concerned about an issue, he can convene a commission and then let it slip into obscurity.){{Cn|date=March 2014}} However, there have been cases (the Tower, Rogers and Warren Commissions) where the commission has created reports that have been used as evidence in later criminal proceedings.{{Cn|date=March 2014}}

List of Presidential Commissions

{{Expand list|date=August 2008}}
  • Philippine Commission - "Taft Commission" (1900)
  • Commission on the Organization of Government Scientific Work (1903)
  • Committee on Department Methods - "Keep Commission" (1905–1909)
  • President's Commission on Economy and Efficiency (1910–1912)
  • President's Committee on Economic Security (1934)
  • President's Commission on Administrative Management - "Brownlow Committee" (1937)
  • Commission to Investigate the Japanese Attack on Pearl Harbor - a.k.a. "Roberts Commission" (1941)
  • President's Committee on Civil Rights (1946)
  • President's Scientific Research Board (1946)
  • Presidential Commission on Higher Education (1947)
  • Commission on Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government - Hoover Commission (1947)
  • President's Committee on Equality of Treatment and Opportunity in the Armed Services - a.k.a. "Fahy Committee" (1948)
  • President’s Committee on Religious & Moral Welfare & Character Guidance in the Armed Forces (1948)
  • President's Water Resources Policy Commission (1950)
  • President's Communications Policy Board (1950)
  • President's Commission on Migratory Labor (1950)
  • President's Commission on Internal Security and Individual Rights (1951)
  • President's Commission on the Health Needs of the Nation (1951)
  • President's Commission on Immigration and Naturalization (1952)
  • Commission on Intergovernmental Relations - a.k.a. "Kestenbaum Commission" (1953)
  • [https://digital.library.cornell.edu/collections/railroad President's Railroad Commission] (1960)
  • Presidential Commission on the Status of Women (1961)
  • Trade and Environment Policy Advisory Committee (1962)[1][2]
  • The President's Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy - a.k.a. "Warren Commission" (1963)
  • President's Review Committee for Development Planning in Alaska (1964)
  • President's Commission on Crime in the District of Columbia (1965–1969)
  • President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice (1965–1969)
  • President's Committee for People with Intellectual Disabilities (1966; formerly The President's Committee on Mental Retardation, 1963)[3][4]
  • National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders - a.k.a. the "Kerner Commission" (1967-1968)
  • President's Commission on Budget Concepts (1967–1969)
  • National Commission on the Causes and Prevention of Violence (1969)
  • President's Blue Ribbon Defense Panel (1969-1970) (urged 60% cuts in Pentagon staffs)
  • [https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10472729 President's Commission on Campus Unrest (1970)]
  • President's Commission on Financial Structure and Regulation - a.k.a. the "Hunt Commission" (1970-1971)
  • National Commission on Fire Prevention and Control (1971)
  • President's Commission on Olympic Sports (1975)]
  • U.S. President's Commission on CIA activities within the United States - a.k.a. Rockefeller Commission (1975)
  • President's Advisory Board on International Investment (1977)
  • Presidential Advisory Board on Ambassadorial Appointments (1977)
  • President's Commission on Mental Health (1977)
  • President's Commission on Military Compensation (1977)
  • President's Commission on Foreign Language and International Studies (1978)
  • [https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10449194 President's Commission on the Coal Industry (1978)]
  • President's Commission on Pension Policy (1978)
  • Presidential Commission on World Hunger (1978)
  • President's Commission on the Holocaust (1978)
  • President's Commission on the Accident at Three Mile Island (1979)
  • President's Advisory Committee for Women (1979)
  • President's Commission for a National Agenda for the Eighties (1979)
  • President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine & Biomedical & Behavioral Research (1979)
  • Advisory Committee on Small and Minority Business Ownership (1980)
  • President's Commission on United States-Liberian Relations (1980)
  • President's Committee on the International Labor Organization (1980)
  • President's Committee on Small Business Policy (1981)
  • President's Council on Spinal Cord Injury (1981)
  • President's Commission on Hostage Compensation (1981)
  • President's Private Sector Survey on Cost Control - a.k.a. "Grace Commission" (1982)
  • President’s Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research (1982)
  • National Commission on Excellence in Education (1983)
  • Presidential Commission on the Space Shuttle Challenger Accident - a.k.a. "Rogers Commission" (1986)
  • President's Special Review Board (Iran-Contra) - a.k.a. "Tower Commission" (1986)
  • President's Commission on Organized Crime (1986)
  • President's Blue Ribbon Commission on Defense Management -a.ka. "Packard Commission" (1986)
  • President's Commission on the HIV Epidemic (1987)
  • President's Advisory Commission on Educational Excellence for Hispanics (1990)[5][6][7][8][9]
  • Good Neighbor Environmental Board (1992)[10]
  • President's commission on aviation security and terrorism (1990)
  • National Industrial Security Program Policy Advisory Committee (1993)[11][12]
  • National Space-Based Positioning, Navigation, and Timing Advisory Board (1995; recharted 2004) AKA:PDD-39[13]
  • Presidential Advisory Council on HIV/AIDS (1995)[14][15]
  • President's Commission on Veterans Education (1996)
  • Presidential Advisory Commission on Holocaust Assets in the United States (1998)
  • Invasive Species Advisory Committee (1999)[16][17][18][19][20][21]
  • Advisory Board on Radiation and Worker Health (2000)[11][22][4][23][24]
  • Marine Protected Areas Federal Advisory Committee (2000)[24][25]
  • President's Commission To Strengthen Social Security (2001)
  • President's Commission on Excellence in Special Education (2001)
  • Commission on the Future of the United States Aerospace Industry (2001)
  • National Infrastructure Advisory Council (2001)[26]
  • National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States - a.k.a. 9/11 Commission (2002)
  • President's Commission on the United States Postal Service (2002)
  • Commerce Spectrum Management Advisory Committee (2004)[7][9][27][28]
  • President's Commission on Implementation of United States Space Exploration Policy (2004)
  • Commission on the Intelligence Capabilities of the United States Regarding Weapons of Mass Destruction (2005)
  • State, Local, Tribal, and Private Sector (SLTPS) Policy Advisory Committee (2009)[29][30][31][32][33][34]
  • National Commission on Fiscal Responsibility and Reform (2010)
  • Blue Ribbon Commission on America's Nuclear Future (2010)
  • Interagency Task Force on Veterans Small Business Development (2010)[35]
  • National Commission on the BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and Offshore Drilling (2010)
  • President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (Orig, 2001; recharted 2010)[36]
  • President's Council on Fitness, Sports, and Nutrition(Orig. 1944 National Committee on Physical Fitness; recharted 2010)
  • President's Advisory Commission on Educational Excellence for African Americans (2012)[7][9][37][38]
  • San Juan Islands National Monument Advisory Committee (2013)[7][9][39][40]
  • Presidential Advisory Council on Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria (2014)[7][9][41][42]
  • President's Advisory Council on Doing Business in Africa (2014)[7][9][43][44]
  • Bears Ears National Monument Advisory Committee (2016)[7][9][45][46][47]
  • Commission on Enhancing National Cybersecurity (2016)
  • Gold Butte National Monument Advisory Committee (2016)[7][9][48][49][50]
  • Governmental Advisory Committee to the United States Representative to the North American Commission for Environmental Cooperation (2016)[11]
  • National Advisory Committee to the United States Representative to the North American Commission for Environmental Cooperation (2016)[11]
  • Presidential Advisory Commission on Election Integrity (2017)
  • President's Board of Advisors on Historically Black Colleges and Universities (2017)[7][9][51][52][53][54]

See also

  • Royal Commission
  • Blue-ribbon panel

References

1. ^{{USStatute|87|794|76|872|1962|10|11}}
2. ^{{usc|19|1801}}
3. ^[https://www.costtree.net/sites/default/files/OMB_2-CFR-Part-200_Super_Circular_Desk_Reference_CostTree.pdf 2 CFR Part 200 Super Circular]
4. ^1 {{USPL|92|463}}
5. ^{{cite news|last1=Office of the Press Secretary|url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2011/05/26/president-s-advisory-commission-educational-excellence-hispanics-next-step-improving|title=President’s Advisory Commission on Educational Excellence for Hispanics: The Next Step in Improving the Academic Achievement of Latino Students|work=whitehouse.gov|publisher=White House|location=Washington, D.C.|date=May 26, 2011|accessdate=October 9, 2017}}
6. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2001/10/17/01-26339/presidents-advisory-commission-on-educational-excellence-for-hispanic-americans|title=President's Advisory Commission on Educational Excellence for Hispanic Americans|work=Federal Register|publisher=National Archives and Records Administration|location=Washington, D.C.|date=October 12, 2001|accessdate=October 9, 2017|archiveurl=https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2001-10-17/pdf/01-26339.pdf|archivedate=October 17, 2001}}
7. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{cite news|last1=Office of the Press Secretary|url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/09/29/presidential-executive-order-continuance-certain-federal-advisory|title=Presidential Executive Order on the Continuance of Certain Federal Advisory Committees|work=whitehouse.gov|publisher=White House|location=Washington, D.C.|date=September 29, 2017|accessdate=October 8, 2017}}
8. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.hiv.gov/blog/president-trump-continues-pacha|title=President Trump Continues PACHA|first=B. Kaye|last=Hayes|work=AIDS.gov|publisher=U. S. Department of Health and Human Services|location=Washington, D.C.|date=October 2, 2017|accessdate=October 8, 2017}}
9. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{cite news|url=https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2017/10/04/2017-21555/continuance-of-certain-federal-advisory-committees|title=Continuance of Certain Federal Advisory Committees|work=Federal Register|publisher=National Archives and Records Administration|location=Washington, D.C.|date=September 29, 2017|accessdate=October 8, 2017|archiveurl=https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2017-10-04/pdf/2017-21555.pdf|archivedate=October 4, 2017|deadurl=no|df=}}
10. ^{{usc|7|5404}}
11. ^1 2 3 5 U.S.C. App. II
12. ^{{USStatute|89|554|80|378|1966|09|06}}
13. ^{{cite news|url=https://2001-2009.state.gov/r/pa/ho/pubs/8519.htm|title=History of the Department of State During the Clinton Presidency (1993-2001)|work=United States Department of State|publisher=United States Government|location=Washington, D.C.|date=|accessdate=October 9, 2017}}
14. ^{{usc|42|217a}}
15. ^{{USPL|92|LI63}}
16. ^{{usc|42|4321}} et seq.
17. ^{{usc|16|4701}} et seq.
18. ^{{usc|18|42}}
19. ^{{usc|7|150aa}} et seq.
20. ^{{usc|7|2801}} et seq
21. ^{{usc|16|1531}} et seq.
22. ^{{USPL|106|398}} section 3624
23. ^{{usc|42|73480}}
24. ^1 {{USPL|106|398}}
25. ^{{usc|5|5701}}
26. ^{{usc|44|35}}
27. ^{{cite news|last1=Office of the Press Secretary|url=http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=110919|title=681 - Executive Order 13708—Continuance or Reestablishment of Certain Federal Advisory Committees|work=UCSB|publisher=University of California|location=Santa Barbara, California|date=September 30, 2015|accessdate=October 9, 2017}}
28. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2015/10/05/2015-25489/continuance-or-reestablishment-of-certain-federal-advisory-committees|title=Continuance or Reestablishment of Certain Federal Advisory Committees|work=Federal Register|publisher=National Archives and Records Administration|location=Washington, D.C.|date=September 30, 2015|accessdate=October 9, 2017|archiveurl=https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2015-10-05/pdf/2015-25489.pdf|archivedate=October 5, 2015|deadurl=no|df=}}
29. ^3 CFR 13549
30. ^{{usc|50|1801}}
31. ^{{usc|42|2011}} et seq.
32. ^{{usc|6|42|e}}
33. ^{{usc|5|105}}
34. ^{{usc|5|102}}
35. ^{{USPL|110|186}}
36. ^{{usc|5|5701|5707}}
37. ^{{cite news|last1=Office of the Press Secretary|url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2012/07/26/executive-order-white-house-initiative-educational-excellence-african-am|title=Executive Order -- White House Initiative on Educational Excellence for African Americans|work=whitehouse.gov|publisher=White House|location=Washington, D.C.|date=July 26, 2012|accessdate=October 9, 2017}}
38. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2012/08/01/2012-18868/white-house-initiative-on-educational-excellence-for-african-americans|title=White House Initiative on Educational Excellence for African Americans|work=Federal Register|publisher=National Archives and Records Administration|location=Washington, D.C.|date=July 26, 2012|accessdate=October 8, 2017|archiveurl=https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2012-08-01/pdf/2012-18868.pdf|archivedate=August 1, 2012|deadurl=no|df=}}
39. ^{{cite news|last1=Office of the Press Secretary|url=http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=103401|title=187 - Proclamation 8947—Establishment of the San Juan Islands National Monument|work=UCSB|publisher=University of California|location=Santa Barbara, California|date=March 25, 2013|accessdate=October 9, 2017}}
40. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2014/08/08/2014-18998/establishing-the-presidents-advisory-council-on-doing-business-in-africa|title=Establishment of the San Juan Islands National Monument|work=Federal Register|publisher=National Archives and Records Administration|location=Washington, D.C.|date=March 25, 2013|accessdate=October 9, 2017|archiveurl=https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2014-08-08/pdf/2014-18998.pdf|archivedate=August 8, 2014|deadurl=no|df=}}
41. ^{{cite news|last1=Office of the Press Secretary|url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2014/09/18/executive-order-combating-antibiotic-resistant-bacteria|title=Executive Order -- Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria|work=whitehouse.gov|publisher=White House|location=Washington, D.C.|date=September 18, 2014|accessdate=October 9, 2017}}
42. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2014/09/23/2014-22805/combating-antibiotic-resistant-bacteria|title=Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacterias|work=Federal Register|publisher=National Archives and Records Administration|location=Washington, D.C.|date=September 18, 2014|accessdate=October 8, 2017|archiveurl=https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2014-09-23/pdf/2014-22805.pdf|archivedate=September 23, 2014|deadurl=no|df=}}
43. ^{{cite news|last1=Office of the Press Secretary|url=http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=106618|title=594 - Executive Order 13675—Establishing the President's Advisory Council on Doing Business in Africa|work=UCSB|publisher=University of California|location=Santa Barbara, California|date=August 5, 2014|accessdate=October 9, 2017}}
44. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2014/08/08/2014-18998/establishing-the-presidents-advisory-council-on-doing-business-in-africa|title=Establishing the President's Advisory Council on Doing Business in Africa|work=Federal Register|publisher=National Archives and Records Administration|location=Washington, D.C.|date=August 5, 2014|accessdate=October 9, 2017|archiveurl=https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2014-08-08/pdf/2014-18998.pdf|archivedate=August 8, 2014|deadurl=no|df=}}
45. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.fs.fed.us/sites/default/files/bear-ears-fact-sheet.pdf|title=Bear Ears National Monument Questions & Answers|author=|work=United States Forest Service|publisher=United States Department of Agriculture|location=Washington, D.C.|date=|accessdate=October 9, 2017}}
46. ^{{cite news|last1=Office of the Press Secretary|url=http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=119941|title=875 - Proclamation 9558—Establishment of the Bears Ears National Monument|work=UCSB|publisher=University of California|location=Santa Barbara, California|date=December 28, 2016|accessdate=October 9, 2017}}
47. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2017/01/05/2017-00038/establishment-of-the-bears-ears-national-monument|title=Establishment of the Bears Ears National Monument|work=Federal Register|publisher=National Archives and Records Administration|location=Washington, D.C.|date=December 28, 2016|accessdate=October 9, 2017|archiveurl=https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2017-01-05/pdf/2017-00038.pdf|archivedate=January 5, 2017|deadurl=no|df=}}
48. ^{{cite magazine|url=http://www.hcn.org/articles/the-many-questions-of-gold-butte|title=The many questions of Gold Butte|first=Tay|last=Wiles|work=High Country News|publisher=High Country News, LLC|location=Paonia, Colorado|date=February 23, 2017|accessdate=October 9, 2017}}
49. ^{{cite news|last1=Office of the Press Secretary|url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2016/12/28/presidential-proclamation-establishment-gold-butte-national-monument|title=Presidential Proclamation -- Establishment of the Gold Butte National Monument|work=whitehouse.gov|publisher=White House|location=Washington, D.C.|date=December 28, 2016|accessdate=October 9, 2017}}
50. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2017/01/05/2017-00039/establishment-of-the-gold-butte-national-monument|title=Establishment of the Gold Butte National Monument|work=Federal Register|publisher=National Archives and Records Administration|location=Washington, D.C.|date=December 28, 2016|accessdate=October 8, 2017|archiveurl=https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2017-01-05/pdf/2017-00039.pdf|archivedate=January 5, 2017|deadurl=no|df=}}
51. ^{{cite news|last1=Office of the Press Secretary|url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/02/28/presidential-executive-order-white-house-initiative-promote-excellence|title=Presidential Executive Order on The White House Initiative to Promote Excellence and Innovation at Historically Black Colleges and Universities|work=whitehouse.gov|publisher=White House|location=Washington, D.C.|date=February 28, 2017|accessdate=October 9, 2017}}
52. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2017/03/03/2017-04357/white-house-initiative-to-promote-excellence-and-innovation-at-historically-black-colleges-and|title=The White House Initiative to Promote Excellence and Innovation at Historically Black Colleges and Universities|work=Federal Register|publisher=National Archives and Records Administration|location=Washington, D.C.|date=March 3, 2017|accessdate=October 9, 2017|archiveurl=https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2017-03-03/pdf/2017-04357.pdf|archivedate=March 3, 2017}}
53. ^{{cite news|first=Jacqueline|last=Alemany|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/trump-issues-executive-orders-on-hbcus-environmental-regulations/|title=Trump issues executive orders on HBCUs, environmental regulations|work=CBS News|publisher=CBS|location=United States|date=February 28, 2017|accessdate=October 9, 2017}}
54. ^{{cite news|first=Andrew V.|last=Pestano|url=http://www.upi.com/Top_News/US/2017/03/01/Donald-Trump-signs-executive-orders-on-clean-water-rule-HBCUs/8791488366877/|title=Donald Trump signs executive orders on clean water rule, HBCUs|work=UPI|publisher=News World Communications|location=Washington, D.C.|date=March 1, 2017|accessdate=October 9, 2017}}

Further reading

  • Donna Batten, et al. Encyclopedia of Governmental Advisory Organizations (Detroit, MI: Gale, 1973- . annual editions).
  • Kenneth Kitts, Presidential Commissions and National Security: The Politics of Damage Control (Boulder: Lynne Rienner, 2006).
  • Steven D. Zink, Guide to the Presidential Advisory Commissions, 1973-1987 (Alexandria, VA: Chadwyck-Healey, Inc, 1987).

3 : Presidency of the United States|United States national commissions|United States Presidential Commissions
随便看

　

开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。

　

Copyright © 2023 OENC.NET All Rights Reserved
京ICP备2021023879号 更新时间：2024/11/11 23:38:44