| 词条 | President of Ghana | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|post = President |body = the Republic of Ghana |insignia = Seal of the Presidency of the Republic of Ghana.svg |insigniasize = 120px |insigniacaption = Presidential Seal of Ghana |flag = Presidential Standard of Ghana.svg |flagsize = 125px |flagcaption = Presidential Standard of Ghana |image = Nana Akufo-Addo at European Development Days 2017.jpg |incumbent = Nana Akufo-Addo |incumbentsince = 7 January 2017 |style = His/Her Excellency |residence = Jubilee House |termlength = Four years, renewable once |formation = Republic Day {{small|1 July 1960}} 1992 Constitution {{small|15 May 1992}} |inaugural = Kwame Nkrumah {{small|Republic established}} Jerry Rawlings {{small|Current Constitution}} |salary = 144,000 Cedi annually |deputy = Vice President of Ghana |website = {{en icon}} Presidency.gov.gh {{en icon}} Ghana.gov.gh }}{{Politics of Ghana}} The President of the Republic of Ghana is the elected head of state and head of government of Ghana, as well as Commander-in-Chief of the Ghana Armed Forces. The current President of Ghana is Nana Akufo-Addo, who won the 2016 presidential election against the incumbent, John Dramani Mahama, by a margin of 9.45%. Nana Akufo-Addo was sworn into office on 7 January 2017.[1] EligibilityAccording to Chapter 8, Article 62 of the 1992 Constitution of Ghana, a person shall not be qualified for election as the President of Ghana unless:
Oath of officeThe President of Ghana must be sworn in by the Chief Justice before the citizens of Ghana at the Independence Square in Accra. The President-elect must repeat the following: "I, _______________ having been elected to the high office of President of the Republic of Ghana do (in the name of the Almighty God swear) (solemnly affirm) that I will be faithful and true to the Republic of Ghana; that I will at all times preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the Republic of Ghana; and that I dedicate myself to the service and well-being of the people of the Republic of Ghana and to do right to all manner of persons. I further (solemnly swear) (solemnly affirm) that should I at any time break this oath of office; I shall submit myself to the laws of the Republic of Ghana and suffer the penalty for it. (So help me God)".[3] InsigniaAfter the oath of office has been taken by the elected president, these following insignia are handed over to the president. These devices are used to display the rank of his/her office and are used on special occasions.
Powers and duties of the President{{Infobox President styles|image= |name= Nana Akufo-Addo |dipstyle= 'His Excellency President of the Republic of Ghana" |offstyle= Your Excellency" |altstyle= Mr. President }} Chapter 8 of the Constitution of Ghana states the duties and the powers of the President. The President is required to:
Also, the President is given the powers:
The President may execute or cause to be executed treaties, agreements or conventions in the name of the Republic of Ghana.[2] The President shall take precedence over the populace of the Republic of Ghana and may refer important policy matters to a national referendum, declare war, conclude peace and other treaties, appoint senior public officials, and grant amnesty (with the concurrence of the Parliament of Ghana).[2] In times of serious internal or external turmoil or threat, or economic or financial crises, the President may assume emergency powers "for the maintenance of national security or public peace and order".[2] The President shall be removed from office if he/she is found, in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution, Chapter 8 section 69 (ii) – prejudicial or inimical to the economy or the security of the Republic of Ghana.[2] The President shall cease to hold office on the date the Parliament of Ghana decides that he/she be removed from office.[2] List of Presidents of Ghana (1960–present){{legend2|{{Convention People's Party/meta/color}}|Convention People's Party|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{legend2|{{People's National Party (Ghana)/meta/color}}|People's National Party|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{legend2|{{National Democratic Congress (Ghana)/meta/color}}|National Democratic Congress|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{legend2|{{New Patriotic Party/meta/color}}|New Patriotic Party|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{legend2|{{Military Rule/meta/color}}|Military|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
Residence{{Infobox building| name = Jubilee House | native_name= | former_names = | image = Golden Jubilee House.jpg | caption = Golden Jubilee House and Presidential Palace | map_type = | altitude = | building_type = | architectural_style = | structural_system = | cost = | ren_cost = | location = Accra, Ghana | address = | client = | owner = | current_tenants = Nana Akufo-Addo | landlord = | coordinates = | start_date = | completion_date = | inauguration_date = | renovation_date = | demolition_date = | destruction_date = | height = | diameter = | other_dimensions = | floor_count = | floor_area = | main_contractor = | architect = | architecture_firm = | structural_engineer = | services_engineer = | civil_engineer = | other_designers = | quantity_surveyor = | awards = | ren_architect = | ren_firm = | ren_str_engineer = | ren_serv_engineer = | ren_civ_engineer = | ren_oth_designers = | ren_qty_surveyor = | ren_awards = | references = }} The President of Ghana's official residence was Osu Castle (also known as Fort Christiansborg or Christiansborg Castle) in Accra. In 2007, the opposition MPs in Ghana stormed out of a parliamentary debate on whether to take out a $50m loan to build a new presidential palace. MPs from President John Kufuor's New Patriotic Party voted unanimously in favour of taking the loan from India.[8] They argued that the President should not be based in Osu Castle, where slaves used to be kept. The opposition National Democratic Congress said the money would be better spent elsewhere.[8] The old flagstaff house used by Ghana's first president as a residence is being renovated into a museum, while the grounds on which it stands is being built up as an ultra modern office complex and residence for the president and vice-president of Ghana as well as their staff.[8] The new presidential palace was expected to be completed by August 2008 but was finally completed in November 2008. At the inauguration of the new presidential palace, President John Kufuor revealed to the press that the new name of the palace would be Golden Jubilee House. The name was chosen in reference to the 50th anniversary of Ghana's Independence.[8] Part of the office space has been given to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs when it had to be relocated because of a fire that guttered its offices. The NDC government refused to move to the venue after it assumed office in 2009 noting that some of the work in the residency is not completed. The government of President Atta Mills also noted that the National Security establishment Bureau of National Investigations (BNI) wanted to ensure that security at the venue was improved before the government moved in. The name was changed to Flagstaff House by John Atta-Mills in an attempt many see as to cover its link to the celebration of the 50th anniversary of Ghana under the New Patriotic Party. On 7 February 2013, the office of the Presidency was finally moved to the flagstaff house.[9] {{clear right}}The name has been reverted to the Jubilee House .TransportNational transport services for the Ghanaian President are:[10]
The presidential aircraft uses the colour scheme as the flag of Ghana in stripes, except for the use of the Ghanaian coat of arms on the empennage instead of the flag of Ghana. In the autumn of 2012 a jet aircraft was acquired in the Golden Jubilee House. According to the Chief of the Golden Jubilee House Property Agency acquisition of a Embraer 190 jet aircraft for the President costed 105 million cedis (about $55 mln). The jet aircraft planned location is in the Ghanaian Presidential Retreat's Peduase Lodge.[12] Timeline since 1960ImageSize = width:800 height:auto barincrement:12 PlotArea = top:10 bottom:50 right:130 left:20 AlignBars = late DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy Period = from:01/01/1960 till:07/01/2017 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:10 start:1960 Colors = id:military value:rgb(0,1,1) legend: Military id:liberal value:rgb(0,0,1) legend: Liberal id:democrat value:rgb(1,0.6,0) legend: Social_Democrat id:socialist value:rgb(1,0,0) legend: _Socialist Legend = columns:4 left:150 top:24 columnwidth:100 TextData = pos:(20,27) textcolor:black fontsize:M text:"Political parties:" BarData = PlotData= width:5 align:left fontsize:S shift:(5,-4) anchor:till barset:PM from: 01/07/1960 till: 24/02/1966 color:socialist text:"Osagyefo-Kwame Nkrumah" fontsize:10 from: 24/02/1966 till: 02/04/1969 color:military text:"Major-Joseph Arthur Ankrah" fontsize:10 from: 02/04/1969 till: 07/08/1970 color:military text:"Brigadier Akwasi Amankwa Afrifa" fontsize:10 from: 07/08/1970 till: 31/08/1970 color: liberal text:"Nii Amaa Ollennu" fontsize:10 from: 31/08/1970 till: 13/01/1972 color: liberal text:"Edward Akufo-Addo" fontsize:10 from: 13/01/1972 till: 05/07/1978 color:military text:"Colonel Ignatius Kutu Acheampong" fontsize:10 from: 05/07/1978 till: 04/06/1979 color: military text:"Lieutenant-General Frederick Fred William Kwasi Akuffo" fontsize:10 from: 04/06/1979 till: 24/09/1979 color: military text:"Flight Lieutenant Jerry John Rawlings" fontsize:10 from: 24/09/1979 till: 31/12/1981 color:democrat text:"Hilla Limann" fontsize:10 from: 31/12/1981 till: 07/01/2001 color:military text:"Flight Lieutenant Jerry John Rawlings" fontsize:10 from: 07/01/2001 till: 07/01/2009 color:liberal text:"John Agyekum Kufuor" fontsize:10 from: 07/01/2009 till: 24/07/2012 color: democrat text:"John Evans Atta Mills" fontsize:10 from: 24/07/2012 till: 07/01/2017 color: democrat text:"John Dramani Mahama" fontsize:10 Latest election{{main|Ghanaian general election, 2012}}
President-electThe President-elect of Ghana is the apparent winner, as ascertained by the Chairperson of the Electoral Commission of Ghana, following the general election on 7 December. During the period between the presidential election and the inauguration, the outgoing president is a lame duck, while the incoming president heads a presidential transition team to ensure a smooth handover of power. If a sitting president has won re-election, the incumbent is not referred to as a president-elect as he or she is already in office and is not waiting to become president. Likewise, if a Vice President succeeds to the Presidency by way of the President's death, resignation or removal (via impeachment) from office, that person never holds the title of President-elect, as they would become President immediately. The most recent President-elect is former Minister of Foreign Affairs Nana Akufo-Addo of the New Patriotic Party, who won the presidential election on 9 December 2016.[13] The Vice President-elect of Ghana is the running mate of presidential candidate who wins an election. First established after the adoption of the 3rd Constitution of Ghana, the inaugural holder is Joseph W.S. deGraft-Johnson. The current Vice President-elect of Ghana is Mahamudu Bawumia. Until the formation of the 3rd Republic of Ghana, the position of Vice President did not exist. List of presidents-elect
Prime Minister Kwame Nkrumah became the first Ghanaian to be elected as President of the Republic of Ghana. President Limann holds the record of having the longest transition period from President-elect to President. His transition period lasted 78 days. President Rawlings prior to the presidential elections in 1992, was already head of state of Ghana. He was the Chairman of the Provisional National Defence Council. Due to the fact that Ghana adopted a new constitution in 1992, the position of President of the Republic was vacant. President John Kufuor and President John Atta Mills both hold the record of having the shortest transition period from President-elect to President with both transition period lasting only 10 days. This is due to the fact that both Presidents needed a second round of voting (2000, 2008) to win the presidential election. See also
References1. ^{{cite news|title=Ghana Election: President admits defeat in poll|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-38270956|accessdate=9 December 2016|agency=BBC News|publisher=BBC|date=9 December 2016}} {{Ghana topics}}{{GhanaPresidents}}{{Heads of state and government of African states}}2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 The President – Chapter 008 – The Constitution of the Republic of Ghana 1992 – The Executive {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130728114003/http://www.judicial.gov.gh/constitution/chapter/chap_8.htm |date=28 July 2013 }}. judicial.gov.gh. Judiciary of Ghana. 3. ^The Constitution of the Republic of Ghana 1992 – The Oath of Allegiance {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720024730/http://www.judicial.gov.gh/constitution/second_schedule/home.htm |date=20 July 2011 }}. judicial.gov.gh. Judiciary of Ghana. 4. ^1 {{Cite news |title=Profile: Ghana President John Atta Mills |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/7804884.stm |publisher=BBC World News |date=3 January 2009}} 5. ^{{Cite news |title=Ghana's President John Atta Mills dies |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-18972107 |publisher=BBC World News |date=24 July 2012}} 6. ^{{cite web |title=Atta Mills dies |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/25/world/africa/john-atta-mills-ghanas-president-dies-68.html?_r=0 |publisher=New York Times |accessdate=11 April 2013}} 7. ^{{cite news |url=http://english.sina.com/world/p/2013/0107/545991.html |title=Ghanaian President John Dramani Mahama sworn in |work=Sina Corp |date=7 January 2013}} 8. ^1 2 3 {{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7720653.stm|title=Ghana unveils presidential palace|date=2008-11-10|work=BBC News Online|accessdate=7 June 2013}} 9. ^President Mahama Moves To The Flagstaff House {{webarchive|url=https://swap.stanford.edu/20130508140701/http%3A//www.presidency.gov.gh/press%2Dcentre/press%2Dreleases/president%2Dmahama%2Dmoves%2Dflagstaff%2Dhouse |date=8 May 2013 }}. presidency.gov.gh. 10. ^President's transports. Cars. Government allocates Kufuor two Mercedes Benz cars, two four-wheel to follow 11. ^President's transports. Air transport. Veep Inaugurating Falcon 900 EX EASY Presidential Jet 12. ^{{cite web| url =http://www.adeparadio.com/index.php/news/948-ghana-gets-a-new-presidential-jet.html| title =Ghana gets a New Presidential Jet| publisher =adeparadio.com| accessdate =7 June 2013| deadurl =yes| archiveurl =https://archive.is/20130624182638/http://www.adeparadio.com/index.php/news/948-ghana-gets-a-new-presidential-jet.html| archivedate =24 June 2013| df =dmy-all}} 13. ^{{cite web|author1=GhanaWeb|title=EC declares Akufo-Addo president-elect|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/EC-declares-Akufo-Addo-president-elect-493408|website=ghanaweb.com|publisher=Apex AdMedia|accessdate=25 May 2018|location=Accra|date=9 December 2016}} 3 : Politics of Ghana|Presidents of Ghana|Articles which contain graphical timelines |
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