| 词条 | Arlon |
| 释义 |
|name=Arlon |namenl = Aarlen |namede = Arel |picture=Arlon E2aJPG.jpg |picture-legend=Arlon centre with bell tower of St. Martin's Church |map=Arlon Luxembourg Belgium Map.png |map-legend=Location of Arlon in Luxembourg province |arms=CommunesBelgique-Arlon.svg |flag=Flag of Arlon.svg |region={{BE-REG-WAL}} |community={{BE-FR}} |province={{BE-PROV-LX}} |arrondissement=Arlon |nis=81001 |pyramid-date= |0-19= |20-64= |65= |foreigners= |foreigners-date= |mayor=Vincent Magnus (cdH) |majority=cdH, PS |postal-codes=6700, 6704, 6706 |telephone-area=063 |web=www.arlon.be {{fr icon}} |coordinates = {{coord|49|41|N|05|49|E|region:BE|display=inline,title}} }} Arlon ({{IPA-fr|aʁlɔ̃}}; {{lang-lb|Arel}}, {{IPA-lb|ˈaːʀəl|pron}}; {{lang-nl|Aarlen}}, {{IPA-nl|ˈaːrlə(n)|pron}}; {{lang-de|Arel}}; {{lang-wa|Årlon}}) is a Walloon municipality of Belgium located in and capital of the province of Luxembourg. With a population of just over 28,000, it is the smallest provincial capital in Belgium. Arlon is also the capital of its cultural region: the Arelerland (Land of Arlon in Luxemburgish). The municipality consists of the following sub-municipalities: Arlon proper, Autelbas-Barnich, Bonnert, Guirsch, Heinsch, and Toernich. Other population centers include: {{div col|colwidth=15em}}
History{{Quote box |width=21em |align=left |bgcolor=#B0D4DE|title=Historical affiliations |fontsize=85% |quote= Western Roman Empire 395-480 Francia 481-843 Middle Francia 843-855 {{flagicon image|Flag of Lorraine.svg}}Kingdom of Lotharingia 855–900{{flagicon image|Flag of Lorraine.svg}}Duchy of Lorraine 900-950County of Arlon 950–1214 {{flagicon image|Civil Ensign of Luxembourg.svg}} County of Luxembourg 1214–1353{{flagicon image|Civil Ensign of Luxembourg.svg}} Duchy of Luxembourg 1353–1795{{flagicon image|Flag of France (1794-1815).svg}} French Republic 1795–1804{{flagicon image|Flag of France (1794-1815).svg}} French Empire 1804–1815{{flagicon image|Civil Ensign of Luxembourg.svg}} Grand Duchy of Luxembourg 1815–1839{{flag|Kingdom of Belgium}} 1839–present}}{{Infobox country |conventional_long_name = (Margraviate) County of Arlon |common_name = Arlon |era = Middle Ages |status = County |empire = Holy Roman Empire |government_type = Principality |year_start = 950 |year_end = 1221 |event_start = |date_start = |event1 = Raised to margraviate |date_event1 = ca 1167 |event2 = United with the County of Luxemburg |date_event2 = 1214 |event_end = Annexed to the Duchy of Luxembourg |date_end = |p1 = Duchy of Lorraine |flag_p1 = Blason Lorraine.svg |border_p1 = no |s1 = Duchy of Luxembourg |flag_s1 = Arms of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.svg |border_s1 = no |capital = Arel (Arlon) }} Roman and medieval timesBefore the Roman conquests of Gaul, the territory of Arlon and a vast area to the southeast were settled by the Treveri, a Celtic tribe. The local population adapted relatively easily to Roman culture. The number and quality of sculpted stones and monuments that have been unearthed in the area demonstrate that the vicus of Orolaunum quickly became a vibrant commercial and administrative centre of Roman civilization. The Germanic invasions of the 3rd century destroyed most of these early advances, despite the defensive walls that had been built on the Knipchen hill to protect the vicus. During most of the Middle Ages, the population still used the earlier buildings such as the thermae. In 1060, Waleran I of Limburg, Count of Arlon, built a castle on the Knipchen hill. In the 13th century, the only women's Cistercian abbey known to date was built in Clairefontaine. 15th century until the French RevolutionThe Duchy of Luxembourg itself, of which Arlon was dependent, became part of the Burgundian Netherlands under Philip the Good in 1441. After Charles V's abdication of his empire to his son Philip II of Spain in 1556, a troubled period started for the whole region as continuous wars opposed France, Spain, and the Southern Netherlands. In 1558, nearly half of the city, including its castle, was destroyed by the French troops of Duke François of Guise. In the 17th century, Capuchin friars built a convent on the ruins of the castle and the French strengthened the defensive walls according to Vauban's designs. An accidental fire destroyed a large part of the city again in 1785. Modern times{{See also|Battle of Arlon (1793)|Battle of Arlon (1794)}}On 9 June 1793 the French Revolutionary troops opposed the Austrians just outside Arlon. The French emerged victorious and occupied the city. They expelled the Capuchin friars and used their convent as a hospital. After the Battle of Waterloo, Arlon's history is entwined with that of Belgium. Arlon was one of the first victims of the German invasion in 1914 as 121 inhabitants were executed on 26 August, on the orders of Colonel Richard Karl von Tessmar. Its territory was again among the first to be invaded at the onset of World War II. During the war, the mayor of Arlon, Paul Reuter collaborated with the occupying Germans. He was shot in 1946. Arlon todayBeing situated very close to the border with the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, Arlon has continued to expand with new residential areas and commercial development zones, and many people cross the border everyday to work in the Grand Duchy. One of the largest industrial employers is the Ferrero Rocher chocolate factory. All International express trains make a stop in Arlon, as it is the last station on the main Brussels—Luxembourg City railway line. Sights
Local customs
PoliticsList of mayors :
People born in Arlon
International relations{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Belgium}}Twin towns — sister citiesArlon is twinned with:
See also
ReferencesExternal links{{Commons category}}
|Centre = Arlon |N = Attert |NE = Beckerich (LU-D) |E = Hobscheid (LU-L) Steinfort (LU-L) |SE = Garnich (LU-L) Käerjeng (LU-L) |S = Messancy |SW = Saint-Léger |W = Étalle |NW = Habay }}{{Municipalities in Luxembourg}}{{Authority control}} 7 : Arlon|1221 disestablishments in Europe|Municipalities of Luxembourg (Belgium)|Populated places in Luxembourg (Belgium)|Populated places in Belgium|Provincial capitals of Wallonia|Counties of the Holy Roman Empire |
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