词条 | President of Somalia | |||
释义 |
|post = President |body = the Federal Republic of Somalia |native_name = {{small|Madaxaweynaha Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliyeed}} |insignia = Seal of the President of the Federal Republic of Somalia.svg |insigniasize = 125px |insigniacaption = Presidential Seal |flag = Flag of Somalia.svg{{!}}border |flagsize = 125px |flagcaption = Flag of Somalia |image = Mohamed Abdullahi Farmajo (cropped).jpg |imagesize = 165px |incumbent = Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed |incumbentsince = 16 February 2017 |residence = Villa Somalia |salary = $120,000 annually[1] |formation = 1 July 1960 |termlength = Four years, renewable once |inaugural = Aden Abdullah Osman Daar |website = {{URL|http://villasomalia.gov.so}} }}{{Politics of Somalia}} The President of Somalia ({{lang-so|Madaxaweynaha Soomaaliya}}) is the head of state of Somalia. The President is also commander-in-chief of the Somali Armed Forces. The President represents the Federal Republic of Somalia, and the unity of the Somali nation, as well as ensuring the implementation of the Constitution of Somalia and the organized and harmonious functioning of the organs of state.[2] The office of President of Somalia was established with the proclamation of the Republic of Somalia on 1 July 1960. The first President of Somalia was Aden Abdullah Osman Daar.[3] The current office-holder is the 9th President Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed ‘Farmaajo’, since 16 February 2017. HistoryThe first President of Somalia was Aden Abdullah Osman Daar, one of the leaders of the Somali Youth League (SYL), who took office on 1 July 1960, the day on which Somalia was declared a republic. Since then the office has been held by seven further people: Abdirashid Ali Shermarke, Mohamed Siyad Barre, Ali Mahdi, Abdiqasim Salad, Abdullahi Yusuf, Sharif Sheikh Ahmed, and Hassan Sheikh Mohamud. In addition, Sheikh Mukhtar acted as President between Sharmarke's assassination and the coup d'état, and Aden Madobe acted as President after Yusuf's resignation in the 2008. Sharif Sheikh Ahmed took office on 31 January 2009, after being elected by the presidential election held on January 2009. Ahmed's term as President of Somalia officially ended In August 2012, concurrent with the conclusion of the Transitional Federal Government's mandate and the start of the Federal Government of Somalia. He was succeeded in office by General Muse Hassan, who had been serving in an interim capacity.[4] Immediate past President Mohamud took office on 16 September 2012, after being elected by the presidential election held on 10 September 2012.[5] Qualifications and electionIn order to become the President of Somalia, the candidate must:[2] (a) Be a Somali citizen and a Muslim; (b) Be not less than forty years of age; (c) Have relevant knowledge or experience for the role; (d) Be sound of mind; and (e) Not have been convicted by a court of a major crime. The election of the President must begin at least 30 days before the term of office of the incumbent president expires or 10 days after the presidency falls vacant, and must be completed within 30 days of the beginning of the election, Candidates must be declared to the bureau of the parliament within the first 10 days of this period, and elections must be completed within the remaining 20 days. Formerly, the President was elected by the members of the Somali Parliament, requirements and who are eligible to become members of parliament. Term of officeThe President is selected for a term of office of four years, with no term limits specified in the constitution. The term of office of the incumbent president continues until the President-elect takes office. On assuming office, the president takes the following oath before the parliament; {{cquote|I swear in the name of Allah that I will perform my duties honestly and in the best interest of the Nation, People, and Religion, and that I will abide by the Constitution and the other Laws of the Country.}}Duties and responsibilitiesAn outline of the duties are as follow:[2]
List of Presidents of Somalia{{main|List of Presidents of Somalia}}Living former PresidentsAs of {{Monthyear}}, there are four living former Presidents of Somalia, as seen below. The most recent President to die was Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed (served 2004–2008), on 23 March 2012 aged 77. Latest election{{main|Somali presidential election, 2017}}See also
References1. ^http://www.africareview.com/special-reports/What-African-presidents-are-paid-and-why-it-matters/979182-2802868-ulolnxz/index.html {{Somalia topics}}{{Presidents of Somalia}}{{Heads of state and government of African states}}{{Orders of succession by country}}2. ^1 2 *[https://web.archive.org/web/20130124010543/http://www.somaliweyn.com/pages/news/Aug_12/Somalia_Constitution_English_FOR_WEB.pdf Provisional Constitution] (adopted August 1, 2012) 3. ^The Illustrated Library of The World and Its Peoples: Africa, North and East, Greystone Press: 1967, p. 338 4. ^{{cite web|title=Office of the Somali Parliament|url=http://www.somaligov.net/The%20Parliament.html|publisher=Office of the Somali Parliament|accessdate=24 August 2012}} 5. ^{{cite news|title=Somalia Federal Parliament elects Hassan Sheikh Mohamud as President|url=http://www.garoweonline.com/artman2/publish/Somalia_27/Somalia_Federal_Parliament_elects_Hassan_Sheikh_Mohamud_as_President.shtml|accessdate=10 September 2012|newspaper=Garowe Online|date=10 September 2012|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120913095606/http://www.garoweonline.com/artman2/publish/Somalia_27/Somalia_Federal_Parliament_elects_Hassan_Sheikh_Mohamud_as_President.shtml|archivedate=13 September 2012|df=}} 3 : Presidents of Somalia|Government of Somalia|1960 establishments in Somalia |
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