| 词条 | Deerlick Run |
| 释义 |
| name = Deerlick Run | image = Deerlick_Run_looking_downstream.JPG | image_caption = Deerlick Run from Whites Church Road looking downstream | source1_location = Mount Pleasant Township, Columbia County, Pennsylvania | mouth_location = Orange Township at Fishing Creek | length = {{convert|3.8|mi|km|abbr=on}} | mouth_elevation = less than {{convert|600|ft|m}} above sea level | basin_size = {{convert|6.1|sqmi|km2|abbr=on}} | progression = Deerlick Run → Fishing Creek → Susquehanna River → Chesapeake Bay }} Deerlick Run (also known as Deer Lick Run[1]) is a tributary of Fishing Creek in Columbia County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is {{convert|3.8|mi|km}} long.[1] The stream flows through Mount Pleasant Township and Orange Township. The annual load of sediment in it is {{convert|8522400.0|lb|kg}}. The stream's watershed has an area of 6.1 square miles, most of which is agricultural land. There are also large areas of forested land in the watershed. CourseDeerlick Run starts in northern Mount Pleasant Township, near the community of Welliversville. It flows southeast for a number of miles in a fairly shallow valley to the eastern part of Mount Pleasant Township. Here, the stream turns eastward and exits Mount Pleasant Township. Upon exiting the township, it enters Orange Township. The stream then exits its valley and enters a plain. Shortly afterwards, it reaches its confluence with Fishing Creek. The confluence is slightly north of Pennsylvania Route 487 and slightly south of a gauging station.[2] Deerlick Run has no named tributaries.[2] Hydrology and climateThe daily load of sediment in Deerlick Run is {{convert|23349.0|lb|kg}}, which equates to an annual load of {{convert|8522400.0|lb|kg}}. The total maximum daily load for sediment in the stream is {{convert|14599.0|lb|kg}} per day, or {{convert|5328648.0|lb|kg}} per year. {{convert|7898600|lb|kg}} of sediment per year comes from croplands and {{convert|451600|lb|kg}} comes from pastures or hay. {{convert|90000|lb|kg}} comes from stream banks, {{convert|40800|lb|kg}} comes from land classified as "transition" by the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, {{convert|23200|lb|kg}} comes from forests, and {{convert|18200|lb|kg}} comes from land classified as "low-intensity development" by the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection.[3] Deerlick Run experiences significant levels of siltation and stream bank erosion. The erosion coefficient of Deerlick Run ranges from 0.12 between September and March to 0.3 during the rest of the year.[3] The average annual precipitation in the Deerlick Run watershed is {{convert|37.7|in|cm}}. The average runoff rate in the watershed is {{convert|1.8|in|cm}} per year.[3] Deerlick Run has little riparian buffering. No part of the stream or any of its tributaries attains the water quality standards of the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection.[3] Geography and geologyThe minimum elevation in the watershed of Deerlick Run is less than {{convert|600|ft|m}} and the maximum elevation is more than {{convert|1100|ft|m}} above sea level. The stream is in the ridge and valley geographical region.[3] 80 percent of the surface rock in the watershed of Deerlick Run is interbedded sedimentary rock. 20 percent of the surface rock is sandstone The dominant hydrologic soil groups in the Deerlick Run watershed are C (90%) and B (10%).[3] WatershedThe watershed of Deerlick Run has an area of 6.1 square miles. There are {{convert|8.5|mi|km}} of streams in its watershed.[3] The majority of the watershed of Deerlick Run (60.8 percent) is agricultural land. 1134.2 acres are used for hay or pastures and 1213.3 acres are used for crops. 34.9 percent of the watershed's land is forested land. 4.0 percent of the land is designated by the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection as "low-intensity development". 0.3 percent of the watershed's area is wetland. 9.9 acres of land in the watershed are classified as "transitional" by the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection.[3] HistoryIn 1853, Deerlick Run was part of the border between Columbia County and Montour County.[4] However, in the 21st century, it is near the center of Columbia County.[1] In the past, the valley of Deerlick Run was home to many industries, although little is known about them. The remains of a dam can be seen on the stream and there was once a gin mill, a sawmill, and a woolen mill.[1] A mill known as the Behm Mill was built on the stream in 1801.[5] An ice house also was once built near the stream.[6] BiologyDeerlick Run is designated as a coldwater fishery because it can support fish species of the Salmonidae family. It is also designated as a migratory fishery because it is in the Susquehanna River watershed.[3] See also
References1. ^1 {{Citation|url = https://maps.google.com/maps?f=d&source=s_d&saddr=Deerlick_Run|title = Google Maps|year = 2014|accessdate = May 18, 2014}} {{coord|41.091143|-76.461661|type:river_globe:earth_region:US-PA|display=title}}2. ^1 {{Citation|author = USGS|url = http://www.usgwarchives.org/maps/pa/county/columb/usgs/orangmpl.jpg|title = orangmpl.jpg|year = 1979|accessdate = May 18, 2014}}{{dead link|date=September 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 3. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{Citation|author = Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection|url = http://www.dep.state.pa.us/dep/deputate/watermgt/wqp/wqstandards/TMDL/Deerlick_Run_Sediment_TMDL.pdf|title = Deerlick Run Watershed TMDL Columbia County, Pennsylvania|date = July 2012|accessdate = May 18, 2014}} 4. ^{{Citation|author = John Gosse Freeze|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=ZjwuAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA45&dq=%22Deerlick+Run%22+columbia+county+pa&hl=en&sa=X&ei=t0d6U7elDeissATllIFo&ved=0CCsQ6AEwAA#v=snippet&q=%22Deer%20Lick%20Run%22%20&f=false|title = A History of Columbia County, Pennsylvania: From the Earliest Times|year = 1888|accessdate = May 19, 2014}} 5. ^{{Citation|author = Edwin M. Barton|url = https://archive.org/stream/columbiacountytw00bart/columbiacountytw00bart_djvu.txt|title = Columbia County two hundred years ago|year = 1976|accessdate = May 19, 2014}} 6. ^1 2 {{Citation|url = http://www.mtpleasantcolumbiapa.org/Pages/History.aspx|title = Bits of Historic Interest of Mt. Pleasant|accessdate = May 19, 2014}} 3 : Rivers of Columbia County, Pennsylvania|Tributaries of Fishing Creek (North Branch Susquehanna River)|Rivers of Pennsylvania |
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