“Degerberget Fort”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Degerberget Fort ({{lang-sv|Degerbergsfortet}}) is a modern fort, part of Boden Fortress, outside the city of Boden, Norrbotten, in northern Sweden. The fort was finished in 1908 but improvements were also continuously made during, and between, both World Wars. Besides its military role, the fort also served as storage for part of the Swedish gold reserve for over 40 years. Degerberget Fort was decommissioned in 1992.

Background

Boden Fortress was built to act as the operational base for all troops attached for the defence of Norrbotten, and serve as a supply fortress for troops stationed between it and the front line, as well as a blocking fortress in case of a Russian surprise attack.{{sfn|Bergmark|1980|p=527}}

Construction

Degerberget Fort was planned and constructed on Degerberget Mountain, north of Boden and west of the lake Buddbyträsket, between 1900 and 1908. It was the only fort in the northern fort group as defined in the 1914 defensive plans for Boden Fortress.{{sfn|Nyström|1990|p=128}}

Armament

The main artillery consisted of four 12 cm Kanon m/99, backed up by another four 8.4 cm Kanon m/94-04 which were replaced by 8.4 cm Kanon m/47 in the early 1950s.{{sfn|Persson|2002|loc=page "8 - 9 cm"}} Surrounded by a caponier ditch on all sides, the fort area also features one observation post, two searchlight sites and two larger bunkers.{{sfn|Fästningsguiden|n.d.|loc=page "Om Bodens fästning"}}

History

Part of the Swedish gold reserve was kept here from 1941 to 1982.{{sfn|Fästningsguiden|n.d.|loc=page "Om Bodens fästning"}} Degerberget Fort was decommissioned in 1992 together with Gammelängsberget Fort.{{sfn|Dig Maps|2001}}

Citations

References

All sources in {{sv icon}} unless otherwise noted.

Books

{{cite book |last=Bergmark |first=Ragnar (ed.) |title=Bodens kommun: från forntid till nutid |year=1980 |publisher=Bodens kommun |location=Boden |ref=harv}}
{{cite book |last=Forslund |first=Björn |title=Fästningsstad i liv och utveckling |year=1988 |publisher=Kungl. Bodens artilleriregemente |location=Boden |ref=harv}}
{{cite book |last=Högberg |first=Leif |last2=Ohlsson |first2=Jan Erik |title=Militär utflykt!: en vägvisare till militärhistoriska sevärdheter i Sverige |year=2006 |publisher=Fort & Bunker |location=Skurup |isbn=91-973900-8-9 |ref=harv}}
{{cite book |editor-last1=Nyström |editor-first1=Bror Oscar |editor-last2=Skeppstedt |editor-first2=Sven |title=Boden: fästningen, garnisonen, samhället |year=1990 |publisher=Ekblad |location=Västervik |ref=harv}}
{{cite book |last=Strömholm |first=Fredrik |title=Boden, fästningen och staden: några minnesblad |year=1933 |location=Boden |ref=harv}}
{{cite book |last=Törnquist |first=Leif |title=Svenska borgar och fästningar: en militärhistorisk reseguide |year=2007 |publisher=Medströms |location=Stockholm |isbn=978-91-7329-008-1 |ref=harv}}

Journals

{{cite journal |last=Björhammar |first=Anders |year=1998 |title=Sista skottet från fästningen: nu ska Bodens hemligheter bli turistmål |journal=Populär historia |issue=5 |pages=29–32 |url=http://www.popularhistoria.se/artiklar/sista-skottet-fran-fastningen/ |ref=harv}}
{{cite journal |last=Ericson Wolke |first=Lars |author2=Eriksson, Sten Olof |author3=Törnquist, Leif |year=2007 |title=Militära hemligheter: svenska fort och fästningar |journal=Populär historia |issue=7 |pages=36–46|display-authors=etal}}
{{cite journal |last=Kartaschew |first=Kenneth von |year=2000 |title=Bodens fästning |journal=Tidskriften Kulturvärden |issue=3 |pages=10–15 |url=http://www.sfv.se/cms/showdocument/documents/sfv/kulturvarden/2000_03/bodens_fastning.pdf |accessdate=2011-11-18 |format=PDF |ref=harv |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927064017/http://www.sfv.se/cms/showdocument/documents/sfv/kulturvarden/2000_03/bodens_fastning.pdf |archivedate=2011-09-27 |df= }}^[1]
{{cite journal |last=Lidström |first=Hans |year=2005 |title=Rödbergsfortet - Ett monument |journal=Ledaren - Tidskrift för Västerbottens Befälsutbildningsförbund |issue=1 |pages=4 |url=http://www.forsvarsutbildarna.se/index.php?dispatchTo=Renderer&action=download&file=11866 |accessdate=2006-12-27 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930012014/http://www.forsvarsutbildarna.se/index.php?dispatchTo=Renderer&action=download&file=11866 |archivedate=2007-09-30 |ref=harv}}
{{cite journal |last=Prage |first=Göran |year=2005 |title='Bombsäkra' lokaler att hyra |journal=Tidskriften Kulturvärden |issue=4 |pages=22–23 |url=http://www.sfv.se/cms/showdocument/documents/sfv/kulturvarden/2005_04/_bombsakra_lokaler_att_hyra.pdf |accessdate=2011-11-18 |format=PDF |ref=harv |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927064649/http://www.sfv.se/cms/showdocument/documents/sfv/kulturvarden/2005_04/_bombsakra_lokaler_att_hyra.pdf |archivedate=2011-09-27 |df= }}
{{cite journal |last=Svensson |first=Göran |year=2000 |title=Vår första moderna befästning |journal=Tidskriften Kulturvärden |issue=1 |pages=14–19 |url=http://www.sfv.se/cms/showdocument/documents/sfv/kulturvarden/2000_01/var_forsta_moderna_befastning.pdf |accessdate=2011-11-18 |format=PDF |ref=harv |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927064044/http://www.sfv.se/cms/showdocument/documents/sfv/kulturvarden/2000_01/var_forsta_moderna_befastning.pdf |archivedate=2011-09-27 |df= }}
{{cite press release |publisher=Statens fastighetsverk |title=Bodens fästning öppnas |date=2000-06-20 |url=http://www.sfv.se/cms/showdocument/documents/sfv/pressmeddelanden/2000/Bodens_fa_63.pdf |accessdate=2011-11-18 |format=PDF |ref={{sfnref|Statens fastighetsverk|2000}} |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927063932/http://www.sfv.se/cms/showdocument/documents/sfv/pressmeddelanden/2000/Bodens_fa_63.pdf |archivedate=2011-09-27 |df= }}

News

{{cite news |last=Anundby |first=Nils |title=Många myter om fortet |url=http://www.nsd.se/nyheter/artikel.aspx?ArticleID=3496433 |publisher=Norrländska Socialdemokraten |date=2006-07-18 |accessdate=2011-11-18 |ref=harv}}
{{cite news |last=Englund |first=Peter |authorlink=Peter Englund |title=Om terroristskräcken i vårt land |url=http://www.peterenglund.com/textarkiv/binladinboden.htm |publisher=Dagens Nyheter |date=2005-08-18 |accessdate=2007-01-02 |ref=harv |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061214131526/http://www.peterenglund.com/textarkiv/binladinboden.htm |archivedate=2006-12-14 |df= }}
{{cite news |last=Hagerfors |first=Anna-Maria |title=Topphemlig fästning blev turistmål |url=http://www.dn.se/nyheter/sverige/topphemlig-fastning-blev-turistmal |publisher=Dagens Nyheter |date=2002-07-28 |accessdate=2011-11-18 |ref=harv}}
{{cite news |author=PM |title=Turistmålet som skulle stoppa ryssen |publisher=Helsingborgs Dagblad |page=22 |date=2002-08-25 |ref={{sfnref|PM|2002}}}}
{{cite news |last=Råde |first=Hampus |title=Sveriges hemliga rum |publisher=Värnpliktsnytt |page=17 |date=2004-05-11 |ref=harv}}

Online

{{cite web |url=http://www.bothnianarc.com/svensk/kultur/boden.html |title=Kultur & Nöje - Boden |accessdate=2006-09-04 |author=Bothnian Arc |year=n.d. |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20041103033938/http://www.bothnianarc.com/svensk/kultur/boden.html |archivedate=2004-11-03}}
{{cite web |url=http://www.bodenkartan.com/bodfastningkarta.htm |title=Bodens fästnings karta |accessdate=2006-09-04 |author=Dig Maps AB |year=2001 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060614064008/http://www.bodenkartan.com/bodfastningkarta.htm |archivedate=2006-06-14 |ref={{sfnref|Dig Maps|2001}}}}^[2]
{{cite web |url=http://www.rodbergsfortet.com/ |title=Bodens fästning & Rödbergsfortet |accessdate=2011-11-18 |author=Fästningsguiden i Norr AB |year=n.d. |ref={{sfnref|Fästningsguiden|n.d.}}}}
{{cite web |url=http://www.tfd.chalmers.se/~m95perm/vapen/kanon/lista.html |title=Breech-loaded Guns and Cannon used by the Swedish Armed Forces |accessdate=2007-06-04 |last=Persson |first=Mats |year=2002 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070518192859/http://www.tfd.chalmers.se/~m95perm/vapen/kanon/lista.html |archivedate=2007-05-18 |ref=harv}}
{{cite web |url=http://www.spangsberg.esenet.dk/borgsverige.html |title=Bodens fästning - Nordens største bjergforter |accessdate=2006-09-04 |last=Spangsberg |first=Svend |year=n.d. |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080221014116/http://www.spangsberg.esenet.dk/borgsverige.html |archivedate=2008-02-21|language=da}}
{{cite web|url=http://www.sfv.se/cms/sfv/vara_fastigheter/sverige/bd_norrbottens_lan/Bodens_fastning.html |title=Bodens fästning |accessdate=2011-11-18 |author=Statens fastighetsverk |authorlink=Swedish National Property Board |year=n.d. |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927063957/http://www.sfv.se/cms/sfv/vara_fastigheter/sverige/bd_norrbottens_lan/Bodens_fastning.html |archivedate=2011-09-27 |df= }}
{{cite web |url=http://www.scb.se/Pages/TableAndChart____33838.aspx |title=Price level in Sweden 1830–2010 |accessdate=2011-11-18 |author=Statistiska centralbyrån |authorlink=Statistics Sweden |year=2011 |ref={{sfnref|Statistiska centralbyrån|2011}} |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120113204630/http://www.scb.se/Pages/TableAndChart____33838.aspx |archivedate=2012-01-13 |df= }}

Other

{{anchor|CITEREFBoden_Fortress_exhibition}} Boden Fortress exhibition at Försvarsmuseum Boden. Visited on 2006-07-28.
Rödberget Fort guided tour by Fästningsguiden i Norr AB. Visited on 2006-07-28.