| 词条 | Prime Minister of Vietnam | |
| 释义 |
|post = Prime Minister |body = the Socialist Republic of Vietnam Thủ tướng Chính phủ nước Cộng hòa Xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam |insignia = Emblem of Vietnam.svg |insigniasize = 125px |insigniacaption = Emblem of Vietnam |image = Vietnamese Prime Minister Phuc.jpg |imagesize = 165px |incumbent = Nguyễn Xuân Phúc |incumbentsince = 7 April 2016 |department = Office of the Prime Minister |style = His Excellency (in international correspondence) |appointer = National Assembly of Vietnam |reports_to = President National Assembly of Vietnam |member_of =
|termlength = Five years renewable once |formation = 2 September 1945 |inaugural = Ho Chi Minh |website = {{URL|http://primeminister.chinhphu.vn/}} }} The Prime Minister of Vietnam ({{lang-vi|Thủ tướng Việt Nam}}), officially styled Prime Minister of the Government of the Socialist Republic ({{lang-vi|Thủ tướng Chính phủ nước Cộng hòa Xã hội chủ nghĩa}}), is the head of government of Vietnam who presides over the meetings of the Central Government (formerly the Council of Ministers). The prime minister directs the work of government members, and may propose deputy prime ministers to the National Assembly. The head of government is responsible to the National Assembly and serves as the Deputy Chairman of the Council for Defence and Security. Moreover, prime minister is also Chairman of the Council for National Education, Standing Member of the Central Military Commission and the Central Police Party Committee. The tenure of a prime minister is five years, and the term is renewable once. The current prime minister Nguyễn Xuân Phúc has served since 2016. In case of incapacity, a deputy prime minister assumes the office of acting prime minister until the prime minister resumes duty, or until the appointment of a new prime minister. The powers and prestige of the prime minister have varied through the years. Pham Van Dong, Vietnam's second prime minister, often lamented that in practice he had little power. Since the death of Pham Hung in 1988, the prime minister has been ranked 3rd in the order of precedence of the Communist Party's Politburo, the highest decision-making body in Vietnam. History{{main|List of Prime Ministers of Vietnam}}Ho Chi Minh, who also served as the country's President, was appointed Vietnam's first prime minister in 1946 by the National Assembly, after having served months as Acting Chairman of the Provisional Government and foreign minister in the aftermath of the 1945 August Revolution.[1] Both the 1946 and 1959 Constitutions state that the National Assembly had the power to appoint and relieve the prime minister of his duties.[2] The prime minister presided over the Council of Ministers, the highest executive body of state, from 1981 until it was renamed to Government in the 1992 constitution. The office of prime minister was renamed in the 1980 constitution to that of Chairman of the Council of Ministers.[3]Pham Van Dong, the second Prime Minister of Vietnam, served as North Vietnamese Prime Minister from 1955 until 1976, when he became prime minister of a unified Vietnam, and then until 1987, when he resigned. At his resignation, he was the longest-serving prime minister in Vietnamese history, and the oldest serving prime minister in the world. He often lamented that he was one of the world's weakest prime ministers, on one occasion saying; "I can do nothing. When I say something, nobody listens. If I propose changing a deputy minister, it turns out to be impossible. I cannot even choose my own ministers."{{sfn|Menétrey-Monchau|2006|p=79}} Since the death of Pham Hung in 1988, the prime minister has been ranked Number 3 in the order of precedence of the Communist Party's Politburo.[4]Duties, powers and responsibilities{{Politics of Vietnam}}The National Assembly by a proposal of the President of Vietnam elects the prime minister. The prime minister is responsible to the National Assembly, and the Assembly elects all ministers to government. Activity reports by the prime minister must be given to the National Assembly, while the Standing Committee of the National Assembly supervises the activities of the Central Government and the prime minister. Finally, the deputies of the National Assembly have the right to question the prime minister and other members of government.[5] The prime minister is the only member of government who must be a member of the National Assembly. This is because the prime minister is accountable to the National Assembly, and he reports to it, or to its Standing Committee, and to the president. The prime minister issues directives and supervises the implementation of formal orders given by the president, the National Assembly or the Standing Committee.[6] Cabinet members and members of the Central Government in general are responsible to the prime minister and the National Assembly for the fields they specialise in.[7] According to the Constitution of Vietnam, the following are the duties, powers and responsibilities of the prime minister:[8]
The prime minister serves concurrently as the secretary of the CPV Government Caucus Commission. The National Assembly chairman serves as the commission's deputy. Currently there are ten members of the Commission, all of whom hold government posts.[10] Commission members are appointed by the Politburo, and the Commission itself is responsible to the Politburo and the Secretariat. The decision-making process within the Commission is based on the principles of collective leadership.[11] Living former prime ministers{{commons category|Prime ministers of Vietnam}}References1. ^{{cite web|author=Staff writer|publisher=Office of the Prime Minister|url=http://thutuong.chinhphu.vn/Home/thu-tuong-tien-nhiem.vgp|title= CAC THU TUONG CHINH PHU TIEN NHIEM|trans-title=Former Prime Ministers|accessdate=3 May 2012|language=Vietnamese}} 2. ^{{cite book | title = the 1946/1959 Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam | chapter = Article 50 of the 1946/1959 Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam | publisher = Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam | accessdate = 22 April 2012}} 3. ^{{Country study|country=Vietnam|abbr=vn|editor=Ronald J. Cima |date=December 1987|section=Constitutional Evolution|author=Ronald J. Cima}} 4. ^{{cite web|accessdate=23 April 2012|language=Vietnamese|author=Staff writer|publisher=Communist Party of Vietnam|title=Ban chấp hanh Trung ương, Bo Chinh trị, Ban Bi thư|trans-title=Central Committee, Politburo, Secretariat|pages=I–X|url=http://www.cpv.org.vn/cpv/Modules/News/ListObjectNews.aspx?co_id=30292|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120419060045/http://www.cpv.org.vn/CPV/Modules/News/ListObjectNews.aspx?co_id=30292|archivedate=19 April 2012|df=}} 5. ^{{cite web | title = Political system | publisher = Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam | accessdate = 20 April 2012 | url = http://www.chinhphu.vn/portal/page/portal/English/TheSocialistRepublicOfVietnam/AboutVietnam/AboutVietnamDetail?categoryId=10000103&articleId=10001578 }} 6. ^{{cite book | title = the 1992 Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam | chapter = Article 115 of the Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam | publisher = Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam | accessdate = 20 April 2012}} 7. ^{{cite book |title = the 1992 of the Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam|chapter = Article 117 of the Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam|publisher = Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam|accessdate = 20 April 2012}} 8. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite book |title = Article 114 of the Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam|chapter = Article 114 of the Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam|publisher = Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam|accessdate = 20 April 2012}} 9. ^{{cite book |title = Article 110 of the Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam|chapter = Article 110 of the Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam|publisher = Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam|accessdate = 20 April 2012}} 10. ^{{cite web | title = Ban Can su đang Chinh phu | trans-title = Government Caucus Commission of the Party | publisher = Communist Party of Vietnam | accessdate = 8 May 2012 | date = 1 August 2006 | url = http://dangcongsan.vn/CPV/Modules/News/NewsDetail.aspx?co_id=30530&cn_id=34745 | author = Staff writer | language = Vietnamese | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20150408170156/http://dangcongsan.vn/CPV/Modules/News/NewsDetail.aspx?co_id=30530&cn_id=34745 | archivedate = 8 April 2015 | df = }} 11. ^{{cite web | title = Quyết định của Ban Bi thu so 48-QĐ/TW: Ve viec lap Ban Can sự đang o cac bo va co quan ngang bo, ngay 14 thang 12 nam 1992 | trans-title = The decision of the Secretariat of 48-QD/TW: Commission for Elaboration of the party in government ministries and ministerial-level agencies, December 14, 1992 | publisher = Communist Party of Vietnam | accessdate = 8 May 2012 | date = 3 April 2006 | url = http://123.30.190.43:8080/tiengviet/tulieuvankien/vankiendang/details.asp?topic=191&subtopic=279&leader_topic=&id=BT2590536993 | author = Staff writer | language = Vietnamese | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20140912140115/http://123.30.190.43:8080/tiengviet/tulieuvankien/vankiendang/details.asp?topic=191&subtopic=279&leader_topic=&id=BT2590536993 | archivedate = 12 September 2014 | df = }} Bibliography{{refbegin}}
2 : Prime Ministers of Vietnam|Government of Vietnam |
|
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。