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词条 Prince Michael of Kent
释义

  1. Early life

  2. Education and military service

  3. Activities and patronages

  4. Marriage

  5. Personal interests

     Commercial  Masonic  Russia  Sport 

  6. Controversy

  7. Titles, styles, honours and arms

     Honours  Commonwealth  Foreign  Honorary military appointments  Fellowships  Honorary academic degrees and awards  Degrees and appointments  Awards  Arms 

  8. Issue

  9. Ancestry

  10. See also

  11. Notes

  12. References

  13. External links

{{Other people|Prince Michael|Prince Michael (disambiguation)}}{{Use British English|date=April 2011}}{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2011}}{{Infobox royalty
| name = Prince Michael
| image = HRH Prince Michael of Kent 62 Allan Warren.jpg
| caption = Prince Michael of Kent in 2014
| spouse = {{marriage|Baroness Marie Christine von Reibnitz|30 June 1978}}
| issue = {{plain list|
  • Lord Frederick Windsor
  • Lady Gabriella Windsor}}

| full name = Michael George Charles Franklin[1]
| house = Windsor
| father = Prince George, Duke of Kent
| mother = Princess Marina of Greece and Denmark
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1942|7|4|df=yes}}
| birth_place = Coppins, Iver, Buckinghamshire, England
| module = {{Infobox military person | embed=yes
|nickname=
|branch= British Army
|serviceyears= 1961–1981
|rank= Major
|unit= 11th Hussars (Prince Albert's Own)The Royal Hussars (Prince of Wales's Own)
|commands=
|battles=Cyprus dispute
|awards=
|relations=
}}{{British Royal Family}}

Prince Michael of Kent, {{post-nominals|country=GBR|sep=,|size=100|GCVO|KStJ|CD}} (Michael George Charles Franklin; born 4 July 1942) is a member of the British royal family. He is a paternal first cousin of Queen Elizabeth II, being a grandson of King George V and Queen Mary. He is currently 47th in the line of succession to the British throne, but at the time of his birth was seventh in the line of succession.

Prince Michael occasionally represents the Queen at some functions in Commonwealth realms outside the United Kingdom. Otherwise, he manages his own consultancy business and undertakes various commercial work around the world. He has also presented some television documentaries on the royal families of Europe.

Early life

Prince Michael was born during the Second World War on 4 July 1942, at Coppins, Iver, Buckinghamshire.[2] He was the third child of Prince George, Duke of Kent, who was a son of King George V and Queen Mary and a younger brother of King George VI. At the time of his birth Michael was seventh in the line of Succession to the British throne. His mother was Princess Marina, a daughter of Prince Nicholas of Greece and Denmark and Grand Duchess Elena Vladimirovna of Russia.

At his christening on 4 August 1942 in the Private Chapel of Windsor Castle, his godparents were: his paternal uncle the King; the Queen of the Netherlands (for whom her son-in-law Prince Bernhard stood proxy); the King of Norway (his great-uncle); US President Franklin D. Roosevelt (for whom the Duke of Kent stood proxy);[3] the Hereditary Princess of Greece (who was not present), the wife of Paul of Greece, his first cousin-once-removed; the Duke of Gloucester (his paternal uncle, who was absent); the Dowager Marchioness of Milford Haven (his paternal first cousin twice-removed); and Lady Patricia Ramsay (his paternal first cousin twice-removed). Because of the war, newspaper reports did not identify the location of the christening and said instead that it took place at "a private chapel in the country".[4][5]

Just seven weeks after Michael's birth, his father was killed in a plane crash near Caithness, Scotland, on 25 August 1942.

At the age of five, Prince Michael was a page boy at the wedding of his cousins, Princess Elizabeth and Lieutenant Philip Mountbatten.[6]

Education and military service

He was educated at Sunningdale School and Eton College.[7] Besides being fluent in French and having a "working knowledge"[7] of German and Italian, he was the first member of the royal family to learn Russian.[7]

Prince Michael entered the Royal Military Academy, Sandhurst, in January 1961, from where he was commissioned into the 11th Hussars (Prince Albert's Own), in 1963, he later served in The Royal Hussars (Prince of Wales's Own) after the 1969 amalgamation between the 11th Hussars and the 10th Royal Hussars (Prince of Wales's Own). He saw service in Germany, Hong Kong, and Cyprus, where his squadron formed part of a United Nations peacekeeping force in 1971. Subsequent tours of duty, during a military career that spanned twenty years, included a number of appointments on the Defence Intelligence Staff. He retired from the Army with the rank of Major in 1981.[8][9]

In 1994, Prince Michael was made Honorary Commodore (later Honorary Rear Admiral and currently Vice Admiral) of the Royal Naval Reserve, and in 2002, he was made Honorary Air Commodore of RAF Benson (promoted to Honorary Air Marshal in 2012). From 2009 to 2012, he was Regimental Colonel of the Honourable Artillery Company and has been, since 31 January 2012, Royal Honorary Colonel of that regiment.[10] He is also Colonel-in-Chief of the Essex and Kent Scottish Regiment in Canada.

Activities and patronages

As the third child of George V's fourth son, it was not expected that Prince Michael, as the only second son in the extended royal family, would undertake many engagements on behalf of the royal family. He has performed official duties in the Commonwealth realms other than the United Kingdom and has represented the Queen abroad.

He has, however, never received a parliamentary annuity or an allowance from the British Privy Purse, unlike both his elder brother, Prince Edward, Duke of Kent, and his sister, Princess Alexandra, who both carry out official royal duties in the United Kingdom and receive British parliamentary annuities. The Prince was given a grace and favour apartment at Kensington Palace upon his marriage in 1978.[11]

Prince Michael has represented the Queen at state funerals in India, Cyprus and Swaziland and, with his wife, Princess Michael of Kent, represented the Queen at the independence celebrations in Belize, and at the Coronation of King Mswati III of Swaziland.

Prince Michael supports a large number of charities and organisations.[12] Some of his patronages and presidencies include: the Kennel Club,[13] Children's Burns Trust,[14] Maritime Volunteer Service,[15] the Association of Dunkirk Little Ships,[16] Life Saving Society,[17] Royal Automobile Club,[18] National Eye Research Centre,[19] Motor Sports Association,[20] Brooklands Museum Trust,[21] and the Light Aircraft Association.[22]

Marriage

On 30 June 1978, Prince Michael was married, at a civil ceremony, at the Rathaus, Vienna, Austria, to Baroness Marie Christine von Reibnitz, the only daughter of the Silesian nobleman Baron Gunther Hubertus von Reibnitz and of his Austro-Hungarian wife, Maria Anna Carolina Franziska Walpurga Bernadette, Countess Szapáry de Muraszombath, Széchysziget et Szapár. After receiving Pope John Paul II's permission, the couple later received a blessing of their marriage in a Roman Catholic ceremony on 29 June 1983 at Archbishop's House, London.

At the time of the marriage, Marie Christine von Reibnitz was not only a Roman Catholic, but also a divorcée. She had previously been married to the banker Thomas Troubridge; they separated in 1973, divorced in 1977, and had their marriage annulled by the Roman Catholic Church a year later, two months before her marriage to Prince Michael. Under the terms of the Act of Settlement 1701, Prince Michael forfeited his place in the line of succession to the throne through his marriage to a Roman Catholic.[23] He was reinstated to the line of succession on 26 March 2015 with the coming into force of the Succession to the Crown Act 2013, and is 47th in line to the throne {{as of|2018|06|lc=y}}.

Prince and Princess Michael of Kent have two children, both of whom were brought up as members of the Church of England, and have therefore been in the line of succession to the throne since birth:

  • Lord Frederick Windsor, born 6 April 1979 at St Mary's Hospital, London; married, 12 September 2009, Sophie Winkleman. Educated at Eton College and Magdalen College, Oxford. They have two daughters, Maud and Isabella.
  • Lady Gabriella Windsor, born 23 April 1981 at St Mary's Hospital, London. Educated at Downe House, Brown University in the US, and Linacre College, Oxford.

Personal interests

Commercial

Prince Michael manages his own consultancy business, and undertakes business throughout the world.[24] He is also a qualified interpreter of Russian.[25][26]

Masonic

Prince Michael is an active Freemason.[27] He is the Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Mark Master Masons,[28] and Provincial Grand Master of the Provincial Grand Lodge of Middlesex.[29]

Russia

Prince Michael speaks fluent Russian[30] and has a strong interest in Russia, where he is a well-known figure (he is a recipient of the Order of Friendship). Tsar Nicholas II was a first cousin of three of his grandparents: George V, Prince Nicholas of Greece and Denmark, and Grand Duchess Elena Vladimirovna of Russia. When the bodies of the Tsar and some of his family were recovered in 1991, the remains were later identified by DNA using, among others, a sample from Prince Michael for recognition.[31] He attended the 1998 burial of the Tsar and his family in St Petersburg.[32] He is an Honorary Member of the Romanov Family Association.[33] He is also the second cousin of Maria Vladimirovna, Grand Duchess of Russia, who is a claimant to the headship of the Imperial Family of Russia. They share the same great-grandfather, Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich. The Prince is the patron of organisations which has close ties with Russia, including the Russo-British Chamber of Commerce and the St Gregory's Foundation.[36] In his capacity as patron of Children's Fire and Burns Trust, Michael has led fundraising rallies in 1999 and 2003 in Russia to raise money for the charity. He also led another rally in 2005 and raised money for the Royal Marsden Hospital and Britain's Charities Aid Foundation Russia.[36]

Sport

Prince Michael was a part of the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst rowing team that won the Maiden Fours at Bedford in 1961.[34] Prince Michael competed for Great Britain in the 1971 FIBT World Bobsleigh Championships but crashed and failed to finish the event. He was official non-travelling reserve for the 1972 Winter Olympics.[35] He took part in the 1970 London to Mexico World Cup Rally in an Austin Maxi, but he and his crew failed to finish the event.

Controversy

In 2002, both Prince and Princess Michael of Kent were the subject of criticism over the rent paid on their accommodation at Kensington Palace following scrutiny by the House of Commons Public Accounts committee on the cost of royal palaces and whether they were value for money.[36] The committee had called on the Queen to evict its residents and put the apartments on a more commercial footing. When it was claimed that the couple paid a rent of only £69 per week for the use of their apartments at Kensington Palace, Buckingham palace announced that "The Queen is paying the rent for Prince and Princess Michael of Kent's apartment at a commercial rate of £120,000 annually, from her own private funds. This rent payment by The Queen is in recognition of the Royal engagements and work for various charities which Prince and Princess Michael of Kent have undertaken at their own expense, and without any public funding."[37]

Prince Michael has been under close scrutiny by the media for financial assistance given to him by Russian oligarch Boris Berezovsky.[38] In May 2012, The Sunday Times reported that the Prince had received £320,000 during a six-year period from 2002 to 2008 into a family business owned by the prince's secretary, from a fund controlled by Berezovsky, in which 56 payments of between £5,000 and £15,000 were sent through offshore companies.[39] In an interview with The Sunday Times Berezovsky stated, "There is nothing underhand or improper about the financial assistance I have given Prince Michael. It is a matter between friends."[40][41]

Titles, styles, honours and arms

As a child of a younger son of a British sovereign, he is styled as a British prince with the prefix His Royal Highness and a territorial designation deriving from his father's dukedom: "His Royal Highness Prince Michael of Kent".

Honours

{{see also|List of honours of the British Royal Family by country}}
  • {{flagicon image|Royal Standard of the United Kingdom.svg}} 2 June 2003: Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order (GCVO)[42]
    • {{flagicon image|Royal Standard of the United Kingdom.svg}} 4 July 1992: Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order (KCVO)[43]
  • {{flagicon image|Royal Standard of the United Kingdom.svg}} 18 January 2001: Knight of Justice of the Most Venerable Order of Saint John (KStJ)
  • {{flagicon image|Royal Standard of the United Kingdom.svg}} 1953: Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal
  • {{flagicon image|Royal Standard of the United Kingdom.svg}} 1977: Queen Elizabeth II Silver Jubilee Medal
  • {{flagicon image|Royal Standard of the United Kingdom.svg}} 2002: Queen Elizabeth II Golden Jubilee Medal
  • {{flagicon image|Royal Standard of the United Kingdom.svg}} 2012: Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal

Commonwealth

  • {{flagicon|CAN}} 19 October 2015: Canadian Forces Decoration [44]

Foreign

  • {{flagicon|UN}} 1971: United Nations Medal for UNFICYP
  • {{flagicon|RUS}} 4 November 2009: Order of Friendship (Russia)[36]
  • {{flagicon|Two Sicilies}} 19 August 2017: Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Order of Francis I (House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies)
  • {{flagicon|PER}} Order of the Sun (Peru)

Honorary military appointments

Canada
  • {{Flagicon|CAN|army}} Colonel-in-Chief, The Essex and Kent Scottish (14 November 2001–present)[45]
United Kingdom
  • {{Flagicon|UK|naval}} Honorary Commodore, Royal Naval Reserve (1 April 1994 – 2004)[46]
  • {{Flagicon|UK|naval}} Honorary Rear Admiral, Royal Naval Reserve (2004–2015)[47]
  • {{Flagicon|UK|naval}} Honorary Vice Admiral, Royal Naval Reserve (9 March 2015–present)[48]
  • {{Flagicon|UK|naval}} Honorary Auxiliary Commodore, Royal Naval Auxiliary Service (1990) [49]
  • {{Flagicon|UK|naval}} Commodore-in-Chief, Maritime Reserves (2006–present)
  • {{Flagicon|UK|army}} Honorary Colonel, British Army (10 November 2010–present)
  • {{Flagicon|UK|army}} Senior Colonel, The King's Royal Hussars
  • {{Flagicon|UK|army}} Regimental Colonel, Honourable Artillery Company (2009–2012)
  • {{Flagicon|UK|army}} Royal Honorary Colonel, Honourable Artillery Company (31 January 2012–present).[10] (member since 1981)
  • {{Flagicon|UK|air force}} Honorary Air Commodore of RAF Benson (27 June 2002 – 2012)[50]
  • {{Flagicon|UK|air force}} Honorary Air Marshal of RAF Benson (1 March 2012–present)[51][52]

Fellowships

  • Grand Master of the Order of Mark Master Masons of England
  • Chartered Institution of Highways and Transportation
  • Chartered Institute of Linguists[53]
  • Royal Aeronautical Society
  • Society of Genealogists
  • Institute of Road Safety Officers
  • Institute of the Motor Industry[54]

Honorary academic degrees and awards

Degrees and appointments

  • 1998: Plekhanov Economics Academy, Honorary Doctorate[55]
  • 2003: Sinerghia Economics and Finance Institute, Honorary Professor[55]
  • 2012: St Petersburg University of Humanities and Social Sciences, Honorary Doctorate[55]

Awards

  • 2002: The International Man of the Year Award, Plekhanov Economics Academy[55]
  • 2003: The "Glory of Russia", Plekhanov Economics Academy[55]

Arms

{{Infobox COA wide
|image = Coat of Arms of Michael of Kent.svg
|image size =
|bannerimage = Royal Standard of Prince Michael of Kent.svg
|badgeimage =
|notes = As a descendant of George V, the Prince Michael's arms are based on the Royal Arms. The following explains the way in which his arms are differenced from those of the Queen.
|coronet = Coronet of a Grandchild of the Sovereign
|year_adopted =
|crest = On the coronet of children of other sons of the Sovereign, composed of four crosses-pattées alternated with four strawberry leaves a lion statant guardant or, crowned with the like coronet and differenced with a label as in the Arms.
|torse =
|helm =
|escutcheon =
|supporters = The Royal Supporters differenced with the like coronet and label.
|compartment =
|motto =
|orders = The Royal Victorian Order circlet.
VICTORIA
|other_elements = The Royal Arms differenced with a five point label - the usual differentiation for a male-line grandchild of a British monarch. The first, third and fifth points bear a red cross, and the second and fourth points bear a blue anchor.
|banner =
|badge =
|symbolism = As with the Royal Arms of the United Kingdom. The first and fourth quarters are the arms of England, the second of Scotland, the third of Ireland.
|previous_versions =
}}

Issue

Name BirthMarriage Issue
Lord Frederick Windsor 6 April 1979 12 September 2009 Sophie Winkleman Maud Windsor
Isabella Windsor
Lady Gabriella Windsor 23 April 1981

Ancestry

{{ahnentafel
|collapsed=yes |align=center
|boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc;
|boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9;
|boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc;
|boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;
|boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe;
|1= 1. Prince Michael of Kent
|2= 2. Prince George, Duke of Kent
|3= 3. Princess Marina of Greece and Denmark
|4= 4. George V of the United Kingdom
|5= 5. Princess Mary of Teck
|6= 6. Prince Nicholas of Greece and Denmark
|7= 7. Grand Duchess Elena Vladimirovna of Russia
|8= 8. Edward VII of the United Kingdom
|9= 9. Princess Alexandra of Denmark
|10= 10. Francis, Duke of Teck
|11= 11. Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge
|12= 12. George I of Greece
|13= 13. Grand Duchess Olga Constantinovna of Russia
|14= 14. Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich of Russia
|15= 15. Duchess Marie of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
|16= 16. Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
|17= 17. Victoria of the United Kingdom
|18= 18. Christian IX of Denmark
|19= 19. Princess Louise of Hesse-Kassel
|20= 20. Duke Alexander of Württemberg
|21= 21. Countess Claudine Rhédey von Kis-Rhéde
|22= 22. Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge
|23= 23. Princess Augusta of Hesse-Kassel
|24= 24. Christian IX of Denmark (= 18)
|25= 25. Princess Louise of Hesse-Kassel (= 19)
|26= 26. Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolayevich of Russia
|27= 27. Princess Alexandra of Saxe-Altenburg
|28= 28. Alexander II of Russia
|29= 29. Princess Marie of Hesse and by Rhine
|30= 30. Frederick Francis II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
|31= 31. Princess Augusta Reuss of Köstritz
}}

See also

  • List of British princes

Notes

1. ^British princes such as Michael do not normally use a surname, but when one is needed, Windsor may be used.
2. ^{{London Gazette |issue=35623 |date=7 July 1942 |page=2987 |nolink=yes }}
3. ^{{cite web|title=Invitation to FDR to become Godfather|url=http://docs.fdrlibrary.marist.edu/psf/box36/a327y02.html|website=Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum|accessdate=13 October 2015}}
4. ^The Times, 5 August 1942
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://users.uniserve.com/~canyon/christenings.htm#Christenings|title=Yvonne's Royalty Home Page: Royal Christenings|website=users.uniserve.com|accessdate=27 December 2015}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.royal.gov.uk/output/page6118.asp |title=Royal.gov.uk – 60 Facts, Fact 9 |publisher= |accessdate=27 December 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303204820/http://www.royal.gov.uk/output/page6118.asp |archivedate=3 March 2016 }}
7. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=The current Royal Family|url=http://www.royal.gov.uk/ThecurrentRoyalFamily/PrinceandPrincessMichaelofKent/Earlylifeandeducation.aspx|website=Official Website of the British Monarchy|accessdate=4 February 2018|deadurl=bot: unknown|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100501201239/http://www.royal.gov.uk/ThecurrentRoyalFamily/PrinceandPrincessMichaelofKent/Earlylifeandeducation.aspx|archivedate=1 May 2010|df=dmy-all}}
8. ^{{London Gazette |issue=48589 |date=21 April 1981 |page=5767 |supp=y |nolink=yes }}
9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.debretts.com/people/royal-family/biographies/prince-michael-kent|title=Prince Michael of Kent, Biographies, The Royal Family, People of Influence|publisher=Debrett's|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141120193701/http://www.debretts.com/people/royal-family/biographies/prince-michael-kent|archivedate=20 November 2014|df=dmy-all}}
10. ^1 {{London Gazette |issue=60084 |date=13 March 2012 |page=4993 |supp=y |nolink=yes }}
11. ^{{cite web|title=Royal residences: Kensington Palace |url=http://www.royal.gov.uk/TheRoyalResidences/KensingtonPalace/Today.aspx |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130726232558/http://www.royal.gov.uk/TheRoyalResidences/KensingtonPalace/Today.aspx |publisher=Official website of the British monarchy|archivedate=26 July 2013 }}
12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.princemichael.org.uk/charities-and-organisations/|title=Charities & Organisations|publisher=Prince Michael's official website|accessdate=24 March 2018}}
13. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.thekennelclub.org.uk/our-resources/about-the-kennel-club/who-are-we/|title=Who are we?|publisher=The Kennel Club|accessdate=28 May 2018}}
14. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.chelwest.nhs.uk/about-us/news/news-archive/2010/hrh-prince-michael-of-kent-visits-hospital|title=HRH Prince Michael of Kent visits hospital|publisher=Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust|date=29 September 2010|accessdate=28 May 2018}}
15. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.mvs.org.uk/about-us/our-patron/|title=Our Patron|publisher=Maritime Volunteer Service|accessdate=28 May 2018}}
16. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.adls.org.uk/t1/|title=The Association of Dunkirk Little Ships|publisher=Association of Dunkirk Little Ships|accessdate=28 May 2018}}
17. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rlsscommonwealth.org/125th-anniversary/message-from-hrh-pmok/|title=A message from HRH Prince Michael of Kent|publisher=Royal Life Saving Society|accessdate=28 May 2018}}
18. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.royalautomobileclub.co.uk/about-the-club/governance-and-management|title=Governance and Management|publisher=Royal Automobile Club|accessdate=28 May 2018}}
19. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.jbp.co.uk/case-study/national-eye-research-centre/|title=National Eye Research Centre|publisher=JBP|accessdate=28 May 2018}}
20. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.msauk.org/Home/The-Council|title=The Council|publisher=Motor Sports Association UK|accessdate=28 May 2018}}
21. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.brooklandsmuseum.com/about/latest-news/spectacular-new-brooklands-aircraft-factory-and-flight-shed-opened-by-prince-michael-of-kent|title=Spectacular new Brooklands Aircraft Factory and Flight Shed opened by Prince Michael of Kent|publisher=Brooklands Museum|accessdate=28 May 2018}}
22. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.lightaircraftassociation.co.uk/AboutUs/aboutUs.html|title=About us|publisher=The Light Aircraft Association|accessdate=28 May 2018}}
23. ^Picknett, Lynn, Prince, Clive, Prior, Stephen & Brydon, Robert, War of the Windsors: A Century of Unconstitutional Monarchy (2002), p. 271. Mainstream Publishing. {{ISBN|1-84018-631-3}}.
24. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.princemichael.org.uk/the-prince/business/|title=Business|publisher=Prince Michael's official website|accessdate=25 March 2018}}
25. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/rent-a-kent-reborn-as-russian-saint-fzjc86gdn0n|title='Rent a Kent' reborn as Russian saint|publisher=The Times|first=Louise|last=Armitstead|date=10 October 2004|accessdate=25 March 2018}}
26. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.eturbonews.com/8249/prince-michael-kent-participate-russia-and-cis-hotel-investment-c|title=Prince Michael of Kent to participate in Russia and CIS Hotel Investment Conference|publisher=eTurboNews|date=7 August 2008|accessdate=25 March 2018|location=London}}
27. ^{{cite news|url= https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/theroyalfamily/9131560/Prince-Michael-of-Kents-freemasons-lodge-faces-legal-action.html|title= Prince Michael of Kent's freemasons lodge faces legal action|date= 9 March 2012|work= The Telegraph|page= }}
28. ^{{cite web|title=GRAND LODGE OF MARK MASTER MASONS|url=http://www.glmmm.com/Mark/Lists/Announcements/Attachments/13/2014%20Mark%20Grand%20Ranks.pdf|publisher=Grand Lodge of Mark Master Masons|accessdate=7 June 2014|format=pdf|year=2014|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714192004/http://www.glmmm.com/Mark/Lists/Announcements/Attachments/13/2014%20Mark%20Grand%20Ranks.pdf|archivedate=14 July 2014|df=dmy-all}}
29. ^{{cite web|title=Provincial Grand Master & Executive|url=http://pglm.org.uk/about-us/provincial-grand-master-executive/|publisher=Provincial Grand Lodge of Middlesex|accessdate=7 June 2014}}
30. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/theroyalfamily/8024995/Russia-hails-Prince-Michael-the-Royal-Family-member-with-Tsarist-blood-in-his-veins.html|title=Russia hails Prince Michael, the Royal Family member with Tsarist blood in his veins|publisher=The Telegraph|first=Andrew|last=Alderson|date=26 September 2010|accessdate=24 March 2018}}
31. ^Russia: A 1,000 Year Chronicle by Martin Sixsmith page 220 paragraph 3, line 9
32. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.romanovfamily.org/funeral.html|title=17 July 1998: The funeral of Tsar Nicholas II|accessdate=27 December 2015|publisher=The Romanov Family Association}}
33. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.romanovfamily.org/family.html|title=The Romanov Family Association|publisher=The Romanov Family Association|first=Nikolai|last=Romanovich|date=20 March 2010|accessdate=24 March 2018}}
34. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.princemichael.org.uk/the-prince/activities-interests/|title=Activities & Interests|publisher=Prince Michael of Kent's official website|accessdate=28 May 2018}}
35. ^The Times, 21 January 1972
36. ^http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/2586227.stm
37. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.royal.gov.uk/output/page3956.asp |title=Corrections to inaccurate media stories about the Royal Family |publisher=Official website of the British monarchy |accessdate=27 December 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303174815/http://www.royal.gov.uk/output/page3956.asp |archivedate=3 March 2016 }}
38. ^{{cite web|last=Hui|first=Sylvia|title=Queen's cousin given financial assistance by exiled Russian tycoon|url=https://news.yahoo.com/queens-cousin-given-financial-assistance-exiled-russian-tycoon-153711225.html|work=Associated Press|publisher=yahoo.com|date=13 May 2012|accessdate=13 May 2012}}
39. ^{{cite web|title=Prince Michael Gifted 320,000 pounds by Berezovsky – paper|url=https://sputniknews.com/world/20120513173425576/|website=sputniknews.com|publisher=Sputnik International|date=13 May 2012|accessdate=13 May 2012}}
40. ^{{cite web|title=UK Queen’s cousin takes £320k from Berezovksy|url=http://www.presstv.com/detail/2012/05/13/241070/320k--prince/|work=News Website|publisher=Press TV|accessdate=13 May 2012|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120514005602/http://presstv.com/detail/2012/05/13/241070/320k--prince/|archivedate=14 May 2012|df=dmy-all}}
41. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/mandrake/9515860/Boris-Berezovsky-has-friends-indeed-in-Prince-and-Princess-Michael-of-Kent.html|title=Boris Berezovsky has friends indeed in Prince and Princess Michael of Kent|publisher=The Telegraph|first=Tim|last=Walker|date=3 September 2012|accessdate=23 March 2018}}
42. ^{{London Gazette |issue=56951 |date=2 June 2003 |page=6753 |nolink=yes }}
43. ^{{London Gazette |issue=52984 |date=7 July 1992 |page=11419 |nolink=yes }}
44. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ekscot.org/index/unit/key-appointments/|title=key appointments - The Essex and Kent Scottish - Essex & Kent Scottish|publisher=}}
45. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ekscot.org/index/unit/key-appointments/#Colonel-in-Chief|title=key appointments - The Essex and Kent Scottish - Essex & Kent Scottish|publisher=|accessdate=27 December 2015}}
46. ^{{London Gazette |issue=53638 |date=12 April 1994 |page=5467 |supp=y |nolink=yes }}
47. ^{{London Gazette |issue=57297 |date=25 May 2004 |page=6503 |supp=y |nolink=yes }}
48. ^{{London Gazette |issue=61172 |date=17 March 2015 |page=4818 |supp=y |nolink=yes }}
49. ^{{London Gazette |issue=52104 |date=10 April 1990 |page=7661 |nolink=yes }}
50. ^{{London Gazette |issue=56640 |date=23 July 2002 |page=8791 |supp=y |nolink=yes }}
51. ^{{London Gazette |issue=60091 |date=20 March 2012 |page=5510 |supp=y |nolink=yes }}
52. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.princemichael.org.uk/the-prince/military-involvement/|title=His Royal Highness Prince Michael of Kent - Military Involvement|publisher=Official website of Prince Michael|accessdate=27 December 2015}}
53. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.ciol.org.uk/ciol-celebrates-success-language-qualifications-annual-awards-2016|title=CIOL celebrates success in language qualifications at Annual Awards 2016|publisher=Chartered Institute of Linguists|date=18 November 2016|accessdate=28 May 2018}}
54. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.theimi.org.uk/about-institute-motor-industry-imi|title=About the Institute of the Motor Industry|publisher=Institute of the Motor Industry|accessdate=28 May 2018}}
55. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite web|url=http://www.princemichael.org.uk/the-prince/russia/|title=Russia|publisher=Prince Michael of Kent's official website|accessdate=28 May 2018}}

References

{{Reflist|30em}}

External links

{{Commons category}}
  • [https://www.royal.uk/princeandprincessmichaelofkent Prince and Princess Michael of Kent] at the Royal Family website
  • Prince Michael of Kent's official website
  • Provincial Grand Lodge of Middlesex
  • HRH Prince Michael of Kent GCVO is a Patron of LSBF
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Prince Michael of Kent|years=}}{{S-aft|after=Justin Welby
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22 : 1942 births|Living people|People educated at Eton College|House of Windsor|Princes of the United Kingdom|Royal Navy officers|11th Hussars officers|Royal Air Force officers holding honorary commissions|Honorary air commodores|Grand Order of Water Rats members|Freemasons of the United Grand Lodge of England|People educated at Sunningdale School|Graduates of the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst|Knights Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order|Knights of Justice of the Order of St John|Interpreters|Fellows of the Chartered Institute of Linguists|British male bobsledders|People from South Bucks District|Recipients of the Order of Friendship|Romanov Family Association members|Younger sons of dukes
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