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词条 Private Dancer
释义

  1. Background and production

  2. Release

  3. Critical reception

  4. Tour

  5. Legacy

  6. Track listing

     Original US vinyl/cassette edition  Original international edition  Remastered editions 

  7. Personnel

  8. Charts

     Weekly charts  Year-end charts 

  9. Certifications and sales

  10. Grammy Awards

  11. See also

  12. References

  13. External links

{{About|the Tina Turner album|songs of this name and other uses|Private dancer (disambiguation){{!}}Private dancer}}{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2014}}{{Infobox album
| name = Private Dancer
| type = studio
| artist = Tina Turner
| cover = Tina Turner Private Dancer US CD cover art 1984 original.jpg
| alt =
| caption = Standard cover art (original CD edition pictured)
| released = {{Start date|1984|05|29}}
| recorded = 1983–1984
| venue =
| studio = Farmyard Studios, Mayfair Studios, Wessex Sound Studios, Good Earth Studios, Abbey Road Studios & CBS Studios (London, England).
| genre = {{flatlist|
  • Pop
  • rock

}}
| length = {{duration|m=44|s=02}}
| label = Capitol
| producer = {{flatlist|
  • Terry Britten
  • John Carter
  • Leon "Ndugu" Chancler
  • Wilton Felder
  • Rupert Hine
  • Joe Sample
  • Greg Walsh
  • Martyn Ware

}}
| prev_title = Love Explosion
| prev_year = 1979
| next_title = Mad Max Beyond Thunderdome
| next_year = 1985
| misc = {{Singles
| name = Private Dancer
| type = studio
| single1 = Let's Stay Together
| single1date = 7 November 1983
| single2 = Help!
| single2date = 25 February 1984
| single3 = What's Love Got to Do with It
| single3date = 4 June 1984
| single4 = Better Be Good to Me
| single4date = 12 September 1984
| single5 = Private Dancer
| single5date = October 28, 1984 (US)
17 February 1985 (UK)
| single6 = I Can't Stand the Rain
| single6date = 1 March 1985
| single7 = Show Some Respect
| single7date = 4 May 1985
}}
}}

Private Dancer is the fifth solo studio album by Tina Turner. Marking her debut with the record company, it was released by Capitol Records in May 1984. Recording sessions for the album took place at several studios in England and was overseen by four different production teams, including Rupert Hine, and Martyn Ware and Ian Craig Marsh of Heaven 17. A radical departure from the rhythm and blues sound Turner had performed with her former husband and performing partner Ike Turner, the tracks in the album are a mixture of uptempos and ballads, inspired by pop and rock genres; it also features elements of smooth jazz and R&B.

After several challenging years of going solo after divorcing Ike, Private Dancer propelled Turner into becoming a viable solo star, as well as one of the most marketable crossover singers in the recording industry. It became a worldwide commercial success, earning multi-platinum certifications in Australia, Canada, Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States. To date, it remains her best-selling album in North America. Private Dancer produced seven singles, including "What's Love Got to Do with It", "Better Be Good to Me", "Private Dancer", and "Let's Stay Together". Positively received by critics on release for Turner's ability to give energy and raw emotion to slickly-produced professional pop/rock songs; its long term legacy is that the softening of her raw Southern soul style produced a "landmark" in the "evolution of pop-soul music".[1] The album was promoted throughout 1985 in a 177-date worldwide tour entitled the Private Dancer Tour.

Background and production

A&R man John Carter of Capitol Records is credited with relaunching the career of Tina Turner in the 1980s.[1] In 1983, despite opposition from within Capitol, he signed her and managed her first album for the label, Private Dancer. The album itself was produced in England using several different producers.[1]

"Let's Stay Together" was produced by Martyn Ware and Ian Craig Marsh of British band Heaven 17. Terry Britten produced the reggae-tinged "What's Love Got to Do with It". Rupert Hine produced "Better Be Good to Me", which had been written by Holly Knight, Mike Chapman, and Nicky Chinn, and most of the other songs.[4] John Carter produced "Private Dancer", which was written by Mark Knopfler and has a guitar solo by Jeff Beck. "Ball of Confusion", a cover of The Temptations song which was Turner's first collaboration with the B.E.F. (British Electric Foundation)/Heaven 17 production team and part of their collaborative 1982 album Music of Quality and Distinction Volume One was not included on the Private Dancer album. A recording of Sam Cooke's "A Change Is Gonna Come" from the same sessions would re-appear in remixed form on B.E.F.'s Music of Quality and Distinction Volume Two in 1991. "Help!" was recorded with The Crusaders.

Release

The album was released on 29 May 1984 and became an outstanding commercial success. Private Dancer has been certified 5 × Platinum (5 million[2]) in the United States and sold around 250,000 copies each week for two months. Worldwide the album has been estimated to have sold over 20 million copies.[3]

The album produced a number of highly successful singles including "What's Love Got to Do with It" which went to number one on the US Billboard Hot 100 and stayed there for three weeks. At the 1985 Grammy Awards, Private Dancer won four of the six awards for which it was nominated. No less than seven of the album's ten tracks (nine in the U.S.) were released as singles: "Let's Stay Together", which was a UK Top 10 hit and a US Top 30 hit; "Help!"; "What's Love Got to Do with It"; "Better Be Good to Me"; "Private Dancer"; "I Can't Stand the Rain" and "Show Some Respect" (1985).

In 1997, EMI, the parent label of Capitol Records, released a digitally remastered Centenary Edition of the Private Dancer album on CD, then including four additional demo tracks recorded in late 1983 and early 1984 with the producer John Carter, first released as B-sides to some of the Private Dancer singles, as well as three extended 12" remixes. The album remains the only Tina Turner studio album to have been re-issued in digitally remastered form.

In 2015, the 30th Anniversary edition of this album was released by the Parlophone Records unit of Warner Music Group which now controls this album.[4]

Critical reception

{{Album ratings
| rev1 = AllMusic
| rev1Score = {{Rating|4.5|5}}[5]
| rev2 = American Songwriter
| rev2Score = {{Rating|5|5}}[6]
| rev3 = Christgau's Record Guide
| rev3Score = A−[7]
| rev4 = Encyclopedia of Popular Music
| rev4Score = {{Rating|4|5}}[8]
| rev5 = Q
| rev5Score = {{Rating|4|5}}[9]
| rev6 = Rolling Stone
| rev6Score = {{Rating|4|5}}[4]
| rev7 = The Rolling Stone Album Guide
| rev7score = {{Rating|4|5}}[10]
}}

The critical reviews of the album were positive. The Los Angeles Times reviewer felt that her voice "melts vinyl".[11] Debby Miller, in a July 1984 Rolling Stone review, felt that the album was a powerful comeback, with Turner's voice "rasping but strong", and a range of songs that were all good in a "modern rock setting" that was "neither detached nor very fussy".[12] Robert Christgau felt that she was able to deliver with honesty the "middlebrow angst of contemporary professional songwriting" and remain in control of an album with four different production teams to give it a "seamless authority".[13]

Tour

{{Main|Private Dancer Tour}}

A 177 date tour to promote the album took place from February 8, 1985 to December 28, 1985. Called the Private Dancer Tour, there were 60 shows in Europe, 105 in North America, 10 in Australia, and 2 in Japan. Opening acts in North America included Glenn Frey and Mr. Mister. As well as songs from the album, Turner performed hits from her time with Ike & Tina, such as "River Deep – Mountain High", "Nutbush City Limits", and "Proud Mary".

Legacy

Alex Henderson, in a retrospective AllMusic review, says that the album was slicker than her R&B classics recorded with Ike & Tina, but she was still able to sing with a throaty passion to deliver her finest solo production.[14] Stephen Holden has written in The New York Times that by using her English producers to soften her raw Southern soul style, discarding the "blaring horns, frenzied percussion and gospel calls and responses", the album became a "landmark" in the "evolution of pop-soul music".[15]

Michael Lydon, in Robert Dimery's 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die, says that the album's lyrical themes embodied her persona of a "tough, sexy woman schooled in a tough world", and that her vocal delivery overcomes the slick production, with her "indomitable soul" unifying the multiple producers.[16] In 1989, the album was ranked #46 on Rolling Stone magazine's list of The 100 Greatest Albums of the '80s. In 2003, the TV network VH1 named Private Dancer the 95th greatest album of all time. Slant Magazine listed the album at #63 on its list of "Best Albums of the 1980s" saying "Both a personal liberation and sonic redemption, Private Dancer established Turner not only as a genuine diva, but a bona fide force of nature".[17]

Track listing

Original US vinyl/cassette edition

Side one
  1. "I Might Have Been Queen" (Hine, Obstoj, West-Oram) – 4:10
  2. "What's Love Got to Do with It" (Britten, Lyle) – 3:49
  3. "Show Some Respect" (Britten, Shifrin) – 3:18
  4. "I Can't Stand the Rain" (Bryant, Miller, Peebles) – 3:41
  5. "Better Be Good to Me" (Chapman, Chinn, Knight) – 5:10
Side two
  1. "Let's Stay Together" (Green, Jackson, Mitchell) – 5:16
  2. "1984" (Bowie) – 3:09
  3. "Steel Claw" (Brady) – 3:48
  4. "Private Dancer" (Knopfler) – 7:11

Original international edition

{{track listing
| title1 = I Might Have Been Queen
| writer1 = Jeanette Obstoj, Rupert Hine, Jamie West-Oram
| length1 = 4:10
| title2 = What's Love Got to Do with It
| writer2 = Terry Britten, Graham Lyle
| length2 = 3:48
| title3 = Show Some Respect
| writer3 = Britten, Sue Shifrin
| length3 = 3:18
| title4 = I Can't Stand the Rain
| writer4 = Ann Peebles, Don Bryant, Bernard Miller
| length4 = 3:41
| title5 = Private Dancer
| writer5 = Mark Knopfler
| length5 = 7:11
| title6 = Let's Stay Together
| writer6 = Willie Mitchell, Al Green, Al Jackson, Jr.
| length6 = 5:16
| title7 = Better Be Good to Me
| writer7 = Holly Knight, Nicky Chinn, Mike Chapman
| length7 = 5:11
| title8 = Steel Claw
| writer8 = Paul Brady
| length8 = 3:48
| title9 = Help!
| writer9 = John Lennon, Paul McCartney
| length9 = 4:30
| title10 = 1984
| writer10 = David Bowie
| length10 = 3:09
}}

Remastered editions

{{track listing
| headline = 1997 Centenary Edition bonus tracks
| collapsed = yes
| title11 = I Wrote a Letter
| note11 = "Let's Stay Together" b-side
| writer11 = Inga Rumpf
| length11 = 3:24
| title12 = Rock 'n Roll Widow
| note12 = "Help" b-side
| writer12 = Tom Snow
| length12 = 4:45
| title13 = Don't Rush the Good Things
| note13 = "What's Love Got To Do With It" b-side
| writer13 = Neil Gammack
| length13 = 3:46
| title14 = When I Was Young
| note14 = "Better Be Good To Me" b-side
| writer14 = Eric Burdon, Victor Briggs, John Weider, Danny McCulloch
| length14 = 3:11
| title15 = What's Love Got to Do with It
| note15 = Extended 12" Remix
| writer15 = Britten, Lyle
| length15 = 5:48
| title16 = Better Be Good to Me
| note16 = Extended 12" Remix) (edit
| writer16 = Knight, Chinn, Chapman
| length16 = 7:03
| title17 = I Can't Stand the Rain
| note17 = Extended 12" Remix
| writer17 = Peebles, Bryant, Miller
| length17 = 5:45
}}{{track listing
| headline = 2015 30th Anniversary Edition bonus disc
| collapsed = yes
| title1 = Ball of Confusion (That's What the World is Today)
| note1 = with B.E.F.
| title2 = I Wrote a Letter
| note2 = "Let's Stay Together" b-side
| title3 = Rock 'n Roll Widow
| note3 = "Help" b-side
| title4 = Don't Rush the Good Things
| note4 = "What's Love Got To Do With It" b-side
| title5 = When I Was Young
| note5 = "Better Be Good To Me" b-side
| title6 = Keep Your Hands Off My Baby
| note6 = "Private Dancer" b-side
| title7 = Tonight
| note7 = Live with David Bowie) (Live at The NEC, Birmingham - same version from "Live In Europe"
| title8 = Let's Pretend We're Married
| note8 = Live
| title9 = What's Love Got to Do with It
| note9 = Extended 12" Remix
| title10 = Better Be Good to Me
| note10 = Extended 12" Remix) (edit
| title11 = I Can't Stand the Rain
| note11 = Extended 12" Remix
| title12 = Show Some Respect
| note12 = Extended Mix
| title13 = We Don't Need Another Hero (Thunderdome)
| note13 = Single Edit
| title14 = One of the Living
| note14 = Single Remix
| title15 = It's Only Love
| note15 = with Bryan Adams
}}

Personnel

{{Div col}}
  • Tina Turner – lead vocals (all tracks), background vocals (1, 7, 8)
  • Gary Barnacle – saxophone (6)
  • Jeff Beck – guitar (5, 8)
  • Terry Britten – guitar (2, 3, 4), background vocals (2, 3)
  • Graham Broad – drums (4)
  • Alex Brown – background vocals (9)
  • John Carter – percussion (5)
  • Leon "Ndugu" Chancler – drums (9)
  • Alan Clark – keyboards (5, 8), percussion (5)
  • Mel Collins – saxophone (5)
  • David Cullen – string arrangements (10)
  • Cy Curnin – background vocals (1, 7)
  • Jullian Diggle – percussion (5)
  • David Ervin – synthesizer, programming (9)
  • Gwen Evans – background vocals (9)
  • Charles Fearing – guitar (9)
  • Guy Fletcher – synthesizer (5, 8)
  • Wilton Felder – bass guitar (9), saxophone (9)
  • Nick Glennie-Smith – keyboards (2, 3, 4)
  • Glenn Gregory – background vocals (6, 10)
  • Rupert Hine – bass guitar (1, 7), keyboards (1, 7), percussion, programming (1, 7), background vocals (1, 7)
  • Graham Jarvis – drums (2, 3)
  • John Illsley – bass guitar (5, 8)
  • Hal Lindes – guitar (5, 8)
  • Billy Livsey – keyboards (2, 3)
  • Trevor Morais – drums (1, 7)
  • Simon Morton – percussion (2)
  • Tessa Niles – background vocals (2, 3)
  • Frank Ricotti – percussion (6)
  • Ray Russell – guitar (6)
  • Joe Sample – synthesizer (9), piano (9)
  • David T. Walker – guitar (9)
  • Martyn Ware – programming, electronic drums (6, 10), arrangements (6, 10), background vocals (6, 10)
  • Greg Walsh – programming (6, 10), arrangements (6, 10)
  • Jamie West-Oram – guitar (1, 7)
  • Jessica Williams – background vocals (9)
  • Terry Williams – drums (5, 8)
  • Nick Plytas – piano, synthesizer (6, 10)
  • Richie Zito – guitar (8)
{{Div col end}}Production{{Div col}}
  • Terry Britten – producer (2, 3, 4)
  • John Carter – producer (5, 8)
  • Leon "Ndugu" Chancler – producer (9)
  • Wilton Felder – producer (9)
  • Rupert Hine – producer (1, 7)
  • Joe Sample – producer (9)
  • Greg Walsh – producer & engineer (6, 10)
  • Martyn Ware – producer (6, 10)
  • F. Byron Clark – engineer (9)
  • John Hudson – engineer & mixing (2, 3, 4)
  • Walter Samuel – engineer (6, 10)
  • Stephen W. Tayler – engineer & mixing (1, 5, 7, 8)
  • Humberto Gatica – remixing (5, 8)
  • Alan Yoshida – mastering
  • Akira Taguchi – compilation producer
  • Sam Gay – creative director
  • Roy Kohara – art direction
  • John O'Brien – design
  • Peter Ashworth – photography
  • Roger Davies – management
  • Chip Lightman – management
{{Div col end}}

Charts

{{col-begin}}{{col-2}}

Weekly charts

Chart (1984) Peak
position
Australian Albums (Kent Music Report)[18]7
Austria|1|artist=Tina Turner|album=Private Dancer|refname=|accessdate=September 14, 2015}}
Canadian Albums (The Record)[19]1
Netherlands|3|artist=Tina Turner|album=Private Dancer|refname=|accessdate=September 14, 2015}}
Finnish Albums (Suomen virallinen lista)[20]5
French Albums (SNEP)[21]14
German Albums (Offizielle Top 100)[22]2
Japanese Albums (Oricon)[18]46
New Zealand|2|artist=Tina Turner|album=Private Dancer|refname=|accessdate=September 14, 2015}}
Norway|5|artist=Tina Turner|album=Private Dancer|refname=|accessdate=September 14, 2015}}
Sweden|7|artist=Tina Turner|album=Private Dancer|refname=|accessdate=September 14, 2015}}
Switzerland|3|artist=Tina Turner|album=Private Dancer|refname=|accessdate=September 14, 2015}}
UK|2|artist=Tina Turner|album=Private Dancer|refname=|accessdate=September 14, 2015}}
Billboard200|3|artist=Tina Turner|artistid=429998|accessdate=September 14, 2015}}
BillboardRandBHipHop|1|artist=Tina Turner|artistid=429998|accessdate=September 14, 2015}}
Chart (2015) Peak
position
Hungary|10|year=2015|week=27|accessdate=September 14, 2015}}
{{col-2}}

Year-end charts

Chart (1984) Peak
position
Australian Albums (Kent Music Report)[23]17
Canadian Albums (RPM)[24]8
Dutch Albums (MegaCharts)[25]9
French Albums (SNEP)[26]71
German Albums (Offizielle Top 100)[27]17
New Zealand Albums (RMNZ)[28]27
Norwegian Autumn Period Albums (VG-lista)[29]6
Swiss Albums (Schweizer Hitparade)[30]6
UK Albums (OCC)[31]18
US Billboard 200[32]39
US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums (Billboard)[32]11
Chart (1985) Peak
position
Australian Albums (Kent Music Report)[23]26
Austrian Albums (Ö3 Austria)[33]1
Canadian Albums (RPM)[34]28
Dutch Albums (MegaCharts)[35]25
German Albums (Offizielle Top 100)[36]2
New Zealand Albums (RMNZ)[37]15
Swiss Albums (Schweizer Hitparade)[38]1
UK Albums (OCC)[39]16
US Billboard 200[40]5
US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums (Billboard)[41]2
Chart (1986) Peak
position
UK Albums (OCC)[42]78
{{col-end}}

Certifications and sales

{{Certification Table Top}}{{Certification Table Entry|region=Australia|title=Private Dancer|artist=Tina Turner|type=album|award=Platinum|number=2|certyear=1985|salesamount=200,000|certref=[43]}}{{Certification Table Entry|region=Canada|type=album|title=Private Dancer|artist=Tina Turner|award=Platinum|number=7|relyear=1984|certyear=1985|salesamount=}}{{Certification Table Entry|region=Finland|type=album|title=Private Dancer|artist=Tina Turner|award=Gold|relyear=1984|certyear=1985|salesamount=33,464}}{{Certification Table Entry|region=France|type=album|title=Private Dancer|artist=Tina Turner|award=Gold|relyear=1984|certyear=1985|salesamount=108,400|certref=[44]|salesref=[45]}}{{Certification Table Entry|region=Germany|type=album|title=Private Dancer|artist=Tina Turner|award=Gold|number=5|relyear=1984|certyear=1993|salesamount=}}{{Certification Table Entry|region=New Zealand|type=album|title=Private Dancer|artist=Tina Turner|award=Platinum|relyear=1984|certyear=1984|salesamount=|recent=website|id=3129}}{{Certification Table Entry|region=Spain|type=album|title=Private Dancer|artist=Tina Turner|award=Platinum|relyear=1984|certyear=1986|salesamount=|certref=[46]}}{{Certification Table Entry|region=United Kingdom|type=album|title=Private Dancer|artist=Tina Turner|award=Platinum|number=3|relyear=1984|certyear=1986|salesamount=}}{{Certification Table Entry|region=United States|type=album|title=Private Dancer|artist=Tina Turner|award=Platinum|number=5|relyear=1984|certyear=1987|salesamount=}}{{Certification Table Summary}}{{Certification Table Entry|region=Worldwide|salesamount=20,000,000|salesref=[3]|nocert=yes}}{{Certification Table Bottom|nounspecified=true|nosales=true}}

Grammy Awards

YearWinnerCategory
1985"Better Be Good to Me"Best Female Rock Vocal Performance
1985"What's Love Got to Do with It?"Best Female Pop Vocal Performance
1985"What's Love Got to Do with It?"Record of the Year
1985"What's Love Got to Do with It?"Song of the Year

See also

  • List of best-selling albums in Germany
  • List of best-selling albums

References

1. ^"Passings: Bill Summers, John S. Carter, Ruth C. Cole". Los Angeles Times 24 May 2011. Retrieved 25 February 2012.
2. ^Official Tina Turner Fan Club Biography {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070703023302/http://tinaturner-fanclub.com/biography.htm |date=3 July 2007 }}
3. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/1177921/carter-veteran-producer-and-ar-exec-dead-at-65|title='Carter,' Veteran Producer and A&R Exec, Dead at 65|work=Billboard|publisher=Prometheus Global Media|date=May 12, 2011|accessdate=October 27, 2015}}
4. ^https://www.allmusic.com/album/release/private-dancer-30th-anniversary-edition-mr0004417332
5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/private-dancer-mw0000196120 |title=Private Dancer – Tina Turner |publisher=AllMusic |accessdate=June 16, 2012 |last=Henderson |first=Alex}}
6. ^{{cite journal |url=https://americansongwriter.com/2008/05/tina-turner-private-dancer/ |title=Tina Turner > Private Dancer |journal=American Songwriter |date=May 1, 2008 |accessdate=June 16, 2012 |last=Gleason |first=Holly}}
7. ^{{cite book |chapter-url=https://www.robertchristgau.com/get_album.php?id=3955 |chapter=Tina Turner: Private Dancer |accessdate=June 16, 2012 |title=The '80s |last=Christgau |first=Robert |authorlink=Robert Christgau |publisher=Pantheon Books |year=1990 |isbn=0-679-73015-X}}
8. ^{{cite book |title=The Encyclopedia of Popular Music |last=Larkin |first=Colin |authorlink=Colin Larkin (writer) |publisher=Omnibus Press |edition=5th concise |year=2011 |isbn=0-85712-595-8}}
9. ^{{cite journal |title=Tina Turner: Private Dancer |journal=Q |issue=109 |date=October 1995 |page=150}}
10. ^{{cite book |chapter=Tina Turner |last=McGee |first=David |title=The New Rolling Stone Album Guide |year=2004 |publisher=Simon & Schuster |edition=4th |editor1-last=Brackett |editor1-first=Nathan |editor2-last=Hoard |editor2-first=Christian |isbn=0-7432-0169-8 |pages=827–28}}
11. ^{{cite book |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=ozwwAQAAIAAJ&q=|title=I, Tina |page=219|author=Tina Turner, Kurt Loder |publisher=Morrow|date=September 1, 1986 |accessdate=June 16, 2012}}
12. ^1 2 {{cite journal |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/artists/tinaturner/albums/album/243615/review/6068266/private_dancer |title=Tina Turner: Private Dancer |journal=Rolling Stone |date=July 5, 1984 |last=Miller |first=Debby |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080724150232/http://www.rollingstone.com/artists/tinaturner/albums/album/243615/review/6068266/private_dancer |archivedate=July 24, 2008 |accessdate=April 10, 2014}}
13. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.robertchristgau.com/xg/cg/cgv7-84.php |title=Christgau's Consumer Guide |newspaper=The Village Voice |date=July 24, 1984 |accessdate=June 16, 2012 |last=Christgau |first=Robert |authorlink=Robert Christgau}}
14. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.allmusic.com/album/private-dancer-mw0000196120 |title=Private Dancer - Tina Turner : Songs, Reviews, Credits, Awards : AllMusic |author=Alex Henderson|work=allmusic.com |year=2012 |accessdate=16 June 2012}}
15. ^1 2 {{cite journal |url= http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/t/tina_turner/index.html |title=Tina Turner News |journal= The New York Times |author=Stephen Holden |year=2012 |accessdate=16 June 2012}}
16. ^{{cite book |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=PIyEkArSW0EC&pg=PT834&dq=#v=onepage&q=Tina%20Turner&f=false |title=1001 Albums: You Must Hear Before You Die |author=Michael Lydon |publisher=Hachette UK|date= 5 Dec 2011 |accessdate=16 June 2012}}
17. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.slantmagazine.com/music/feature/best-albums-of-the-1980s/308/page_4 |title=The 100 Best Albums of the 1980s | Feature |publisher=Slant Magazine |date= |accessdate=2014-05-22}}
18. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/80s/1984/BB-1984-09-15.pdf|title=Hits of the World|work=Billboard|publisher=Prometheus Global Media|date=September 15, 1984|accessdate=September 15, 2015}}
19. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/80s/1984/BB-1984-12-15.pdf|title=Hits of the World|work=Billboard|publisher=Prometheus Global Media|date=December 15, 1984|accessdate=September 14, 2015}}
20. ^{{cite web|url=http://wiki.pomus.net/wiki/Albumit_1985-03_maaliskuu|title=Albumit 1985–03 maaliskuu|language=Finnish|publisher=InfoDisc|accessdate=September 14, 2015}}
21. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.infodisc.fr/Album_T.php |title=Le Détail des Albums de chaque Artiste |language=French |publisher=InfoDisc |accessdate=September 14, 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150711180803/http://www.infodisc.fr/Album_T.php |archivedate=11 July 2015 |df= }}
22. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.offiziellecharts.de/album-details-123|title=Tina Turner - Private Dancer|language=German|publisher=GfK Entertainment|accessdate=September 14, 2015}}
23. ^1 {{cite book|author=David Kent|title=Australian Chart Book 1970–1992|publisher=St Ives, N.S.W. : Australian Chart Book|location=Australia|year=1993|edition=|pages=|isbn=0-646-11917-6}}
24. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/rpm/028020-119.01-e.php?brws_s=1&file_num=nlc008388.9642&type=1&interval=24&PHPSESSID=mhe12pta2k83e08udtq66ot062|title=Top 100 Albums of 1984|work=RPM|date=January 5, 1985|accessdate=September 14, 2015}}
25. ^{{cite web|url=http://dutchcharts.nl/jaaroverzichten.asp?year=1984&cat=a|title=Jaaroverzichten - Album 1984|publisher=Hung Medien|language=Dutch|accessdate=September 14, 2015}}
26. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.infodisc.fr/B-CD_1984.php |title=Les Albums (CD) de 1984 par InfoDisc |language=French |publisher=InfoDisc |accessdate=September 14, 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121027131308/http://www.infodisc.fr/B-CD_1984.php |archivedate=27 October 2012 |df= }}
27. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.offiziellecharts.de/charts/album-jahr/for-date-1984|title=Top 100 Album-Jahrescharts 1984|language=German|publisher=GfK Entertainment|accessdate=September 14, 2015}}
28. ^{{cite web|url=http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/albums?chart=3873|title=Top Selling Albums of 1984|publisher=RIANZ|accessdate=September 14, 2015}}
29. ^{{cite web|url=http://lista.vg.no/liste/topp-40-album/2/dato/1984/periode/høst|archive-url=https://archive.is/20160419095914/http://lista.vg.no/liste/topp-40-album/2/dato/1984/periode/h%C3%B8st|dead-url=yes|archive-date=April 19, 2016|title=Topp 40 Album Høst 1984|publisher=VG-lista|accessdate=September 14, 2015|language=Norwegian}}
30. ^{{cite web|url=http://swisscharts.com/year.asp?key=1984|title=Swiss Year-end Charts 1984|publisher=Hung Medien|accessdate=September 14, 2015}}
31. ^{{cite web|url=http://uktop40.republika.pl/najlep%20sprzalbumy%20uk%201984.html |title=Najlepiej sprzedające się albumy w W.Brytanii w 1984r |language=Polish |publisher=Z archiwum ... rocka |accessdate=September 14, 2015 |deadurl=unfit |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120927003211/http://uktop40.republika.pl/najlep%20sprzalbumy%20uk%201984.html |archivedate=27 September 2012 }}
32. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/80s/1984/BB-1984-12-22.pdf|title=Top Pop Albums|work=Billboard|publisher=Prometheus Global Media|date=December 22, 1984|accessdate=September 14, 2015}}
33. ^{{cite web|url=http://austriancharts.at/year.asp?id=1985&cat=a|title=Jahreshitparade Alben 1985|language=German|publisher=Hung Medien|accessdate=September 14, 2015}}
34. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/rpm/028020-119.01-e.php?brws_s=1&file_num=nlc008388.0618&type=1&interval=24&PHPSESSID=mhe12pta2k83e08udtq66ot062|title=Top 100 Albums of 1985|work=RPM|date=December 28, 1985|accessdate=September 14, 2015|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121021000517/http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/rpm/028020-119.01-e.php?brws_s=1&file_num=nlc008388.0618&type=1&interval=24&PHPSESSID=mhe12pta2k83e08udtq66ot062|archivedate=21 October 2012|df=dmy-all}}
35. ^{{cite web|url=http://dutchcharts.nl/jaaroverzichten.asp?year=1985&cat=a|title=Jaaroverzichten - Album 1985|publisher=Hung Medien|language=Dutch|accessdate=September 14, 2015}}
36. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.offiziellecharts.de/charts/album-jahr/for-date-1985|title=Top 100 Album-Jahrescharts 1985|language=German|publisher=GfK Entertainment|accessdate=September 14, 2015}}
37. ^{{cite web|url=http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/albums?chart=3874|title=Top Selling Albums of 1985|publisher=RIANZ|accessdate=September 14, 2015}}
38. ^{{cite web|url=http://swisscharts.com/year.asp?key=1985|title=Swiss Year-end Charts 1985|publisher=Hung Medien|accessdate=September 14, 2015}}
39. ^{{cite web|url=http://uktop40.republika.pl/najlep%20sprzalbumy%20uk%201985.html |title=Najlepiej sprzedające się albumy w W.Brytanii w 1985r |language=Polish |publisher=Z archiwum ... rocka |accessdate=September 14, 2015 |deadurl=unfit |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120927003211/http://uktop40.republika.pl/najlep%20sprzalbumy%20uk%201985.html |archivedate=27 September 2012 }}
40. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/80s/1985/BB-1985-12-28.pdf|title=Top Pop Albums|work=Billboard|publisher=Prometheus Global Media|date=December 28, 1985|accessdate=September 14, 2015}}
41. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/charts/year-end/1985/top-r-b-hip-hop-albums|title=1985: Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums|work=Billboard|publisher=Prometheus Global Media|accessdate=September 14, 2015}}
42. ^{{cite web|url=http://uktop40.republika.pl/najlep%20sprzalbumy%20uk%201986.html |title=Najlepiej sprzedające się albumy w W.Brytanii w 1986r |language=Polish |publisher=Z archiwum ... rocka |accessdate=September 14, 2015 |deadurl=unfit |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120927003211/http://uktop40.republika.pl/najlep%20sprzalbumy%20uk%201986.html |archivedate=27 September 2012 }}
43. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.hr/books?id=UCQEAAAAMBAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q=pacing%20the%20majors&f=false|title=Pacing the Majors…|publisher=Billboard|page=A-6|first=Glenn A.|last=Barker|date=15 November 1985|accessdate=10 March 2019}}
44. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.infodisc.fr/Certif_Album.php |title=Les Certifications |language=French |publisher=InfoDisc |accessdate=September 13, 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100621054859/http://www.infodisc.fr/Certif_Album.php |archivedate=21 June 2010 |df= }}
45. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.infodisc.fr/CDCertif_O.php?debut=2934 |archive-url=https://archive.is/20160419095908/http://www.infodisc.fr/CDCertif_O.php?debut=2934 |dead-url=yes |archive-date=April 19, 2016 |title=Les Albums Or |language=French |publisher=InfoDisc |accessdate=September 13, 2015 }}
46. ^{{cite book|author=Fernando Salaverri|title=Sólo éxitos: año a año, 1959–2002|edition=1st|date=September 2005|publisher=Fundación Autor-SGAE|location=Spain|isbn=84-8048-639-2}}

External links

  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20130617222745/http://www.radio3net.ro/dbartists/supersearch/UHJpdmF0ZSBEYW5jZXIgKENhcGl0b2wp/Private%20Dancer%20%28Capitol%29 Private Dancer] (Adobe Flash) at Radio3Net (streamed copy where licensed)
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4 : Tina Turner albums|Capitol Records albums|1984 albums|Albums produced by Rupert Hine
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