| 词条 | Private sector |
| 释义 |
The private sector is the part of the economy, sometimes referred to as the citizen sector, which is run by private individuals or groups, usually as a means of enterprise for profit, and is not controlled by the State. EmploymentThe private sector employs most of the workforce in some countries. In private sector, activities are guided by the motive to earn money. A 2013 study by the International Finance Corporation (part of the World Bank Group) identified that 90 percent of jobs in developing countries are in the private sector.[1] DiversificationIn free enterprise countries, such as the United States of America, the private sector is wider, and places fewer constraints on firms. In countries with more government authority, such as China, the public sector makes up most of the economy.[2] RegulationStates legally regulate the private sector. Businesses operating within a country must comply with the laws in that country. In some cases, usually involving multinational corporations that can pick and choose their suppliers and locations based on their perception of the regulatory environment, local state regulations have resulted in uneven practices within one company. For example, workers in one country may benefit from strong labour unions, while workers in another country have very weak laws supporting labour unions, even though they work for the same employer. In some cases, industries and individual businesses choose to self-regulate by applying higher standards for dealing with their workers, customers, or the environment than the minimum that is legally required of them.[3] There can be negative effects from the private sector. In the early 1980s, the Corrections Corporation of America pioneered the idea of running prisons for a profit. Today, corporate-run prisons hold eight percent of America’s inmates. Since it is from the private sector, their main priority isn’t rehabilitation, but profit. This has resulted in many human rights violations across the United States. [4] See also{{Portal|Economics}}
References1. ^{{Cite web|url=https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/16979|title=IFC Jobs Study : Assessing Private Sector Contributions to Job Creation and Poverty Reduction|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}} 2. ^{{cite web |url=http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/private-sector |title=What is private sector? - Definition from WhatIs.com |last=Rouse |first=Margaret |date=August 2013 |website=Tech Target |access-date=July 16, 2017}} 3. ^{{cite book|last= Haufler|first= Virginia|title= A Public Role for the Private Sector: Industry Self-Regulation in a Global Economy|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=TxKNYxTRA-cC |date= 2013-01-25|publisher= Carnegie Endowment|isbn= 9780870033377}} 4. ^Bauer, Shane. "Private prisons are shrouded in secrecy. I took a job as a guard to get inside-then things got crazy."Mother Jones. N.p., 06 June 2017. Web. 10 June 2017. 3 : Industry|Economic sectors|Capitalism |
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